Sentences with phrase «many glial cells»

It is also relevant here that one would have to take into account not only neurons but also, glial cells since these contribute potentials to the electrical field of the brain.

Too much stress suppresses glial cell division — and glial cells take care of myelinization at developmental plateaus (myelin is the capstone for a neuron and facilitates communication with other neurons).

It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.

His lab differentiates iPSCs from autistic patients into neurons and glial cells, which they suspect may be releasing cytokines at levels higher than normal in autistic patients.

Linda Watkins, a pain expert at the University of Colorado at Boulder, thinks this mechanism might be carried out by glial cells, poorly understood sister cells of neurons.

Glial cells in the spine may activate when pain - related neurons are firing, dosing both limbs with inflammatory substances that may trigger an excitatory response but that may also be toxic to nerves.

Supporting this idea, she found that mirror pain in rats vanished when glial cells were inactivated.

Small amounts of glycogen are found in the kidneys, and even smaller amounts in certain glial cells in the brain and white blood cells.

The study is also the latest in recent years to implicate glial cells in important brain functions.

Until recently it has been difficult to study the role of glial cells in controlling appetite or any other brain function, because scientists haven't developed many techniques for silencing or stimulating these cells, as they have for neurons.

«I was very curious at that point what glial cells would be doing in the hypothalamus, since glial cells have been shown in other brain areas to have an influence on regulation of neuronal function,» she says.

MIT neuroscientists have discovered that brain cells called glial cells play a critical role in controlling appetite and feeding behavior.

Some recent studies have suggested that glial cells can secrete chemical messengers such as glutamate and ATP; if so, these «gliotransmitters» could influence neuron activity.

There is more and more evidence to point to the importance of glial cells in modulating neuronal function and in mediating brain disorders,» says Guoping Feng, the James W. and Patricia Poitras Professor of Neuroscience.

Svendsen injected into their brains a protein known to enhance neural development, called glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).

In this study, the research team used a new technique developed at the University of North Carolina to study a type of glial cell known as an astrocyte.

In 2001, researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai reported that chronic morphine administration in rats activated glial cells called astrocytes in the spinal cord.

WHITE - MATTER TRACTS Left: 27 - Year - old Neural highways made of nerve fibers and glial cells transmit signals efficiently.

Right: 87 - Year - old Glial cells wither with age, disrupting signal transmission and leading to cognitive decline.

Scientists have found evidence that glial cells, which support and protect neural cells, may play a key role in the regenerative process.

Together the images give a sense of how the nervous system allocates space among glial cells, axons, and dendrites.

Of these, connective tissue growth factor a (ctgfa) was expressed in glial cells during a key period of healing, as the cells were actively building bridges across damaged tissue.

Together, studies in zebrafish and mammalian models could inform new ways to manipulate glial cells after human spinal cord injury.»

Co-author Ken Poss of Duke University said that, in mammals, glial cells have traditionally been thought of as the scar - causing cells that present a roadblock for spinal cord repair.

Zebrafish in which ctgfa was disabled had glial cells that often failed to extend into the lesions, and the fish were unable to recover from spinal injury.

These cells are similar to brain astroglial cells, and both types of glial cells are activated after TBI.

A key factor in the process may be enteric glial cells (EGCs), a class of cells that exist in the gut.

The bottom - right image depicts the outlines of neurons only, with glial cells removed; the bottom — left cube visualizes all the axons, the parts of neurons that transmit signals.

The virus appears to invade the brain by infecting a type of glial cell called olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which nourish smell - sensing neurons and guide them from the olfactory bulb to their targets in the nervous system.

«This particular circle can be found in excitatory neurons but not in glial cells,» says Monika Piwecka, one of the first authors of the paper and coordinator of most of the experiments.

Astrocytes — named for their starlike rays, which reach out in all directions — are the most abundant of all glial cells and therefore the most abundant of all the cells in the brain.

It may be that what we call our self, or the «I» in our perception of self, is made not of patterns of electrochemical synaptic logic (neurons chattering) but rather the aggregate experience of the mass of glial cells, each one contributing its particle of consciousness to the whole.

Future studies will look at the role p75 plays in two other types of cells — glial cells and skin cells.

It turned out that p75 partners with another class of receptors, called the GDNF (glial cell - derived neurotrophic factor) receptor family.

They also applied it to human brain tissue collected by the Genotype - Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project, finding that they could a) identify expression signatures unique to neurons, glial cells, and other cell types in the brain (including rare types), and b) differentiate between closely related cell subtypes.

The glial cells produced different versions of the human APOE protein, or had no APOE.

Neuronal cell - glial cell adhesion was inhibited by prior incubation of the neurons with Fab» fragments of antibodies to neuronal membranes.

According to tradition in neuroscience, brain cells fall into two broad groups — neurons and glial cells.

Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes that may play a role in how long people can live after developing a common type of brain cancer called glioblastoma multiforme, a tumor of the glial cells in the brain.

Glial cells, when activated, produce proinflammatory cytokines that may further damage the nerve cells.

Of the 297, 127 people had glioblastoma and 170 had a lower grade glioma, which is also a tumor of glial cells, but less aggressive than glioblastoma.

The number of glial cells produced by each stem cell could vary.

This close - up of the cells involved reveals supporting glial cells (shown in red) are first to cross the gap between the severed ends.

Neurons release neurotransmitters that are taken up by specific receptors, but many glial cells receive and emit neurotransmitters that float through the brain as free agents.

Meet the forgotten 90 percent of your brain: glial cells, which outnumber your neurons ten to one.

Targeting HO - 1 is therefore another potential approach to improving photodynamic detection in human glial cell cancers.

Researchers were able to quantify the protective effect of dexamethasone treatment in protecting both satellite glial cell and neuronal apoptosis; in contrast, meloxicam treatment was only effective in protecting against satellite glial cell apoptosis and only after prolonged administration.

What's more, these glial cells were the ones that specifically build the scaffolding for the motor neurons that were born from the same stem cells and ultimately control leg movement.

«We were surprised that it was expressed in only a fraction of glial cells after the injury.

We thought that these glial cells and this gene must be important,» said lead author Mayssa Mokalled, a postdoctoral fellow in Poss's group.