Sentences with phrase «many osteoclasts»

But I don't think that there's any pituitary atrophy that takes place once you stop taking endogenous HGH so osteoclast activity should just stay being regulated by PTH and Estrogen levels.

I think when there's absolute Growth hormone deficiency you may have an increase in osteoclast activity.

«The cancer cells can specifically activate the osteoclasts for bone degradation,» Wu said.

Ordinarily, bone is built up by cells called osteoblasts and reabsorbed during growth and healing by cells called osteoclasts.

In the bone, macrophages take the form of osteoclasts — the cells responsible for the resorptive processes associated with continuous bone remodeling.

Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody drug, binds specifically to RANK - ligand (RANKL) and inhibits osteoclast - induced bone resorption by preventing the binding of RANKL to RANK.

The mixture spurred the cells to release inflammation - promoting molecules known to spur osteoclast production.

The parasites might trigger these problems, the scientists hypothesized, by upsetting the normal balance between cells known as osteoclasts, which dissolve bone, and cells called osteoblasts, which build it back up.

Downstream of the signaling system, Runx2 overexpression led to overexpression of bone - related genes, including genes expressed by osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes.

Coban and colleagues gave infected mice alfacalcidol, a derivative of vitamin D that treats osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclasts and stimulating osteoblasts.

Cells known as osteoblasts make new bone; other cells, osteoclasts, destroy old bone.

«After six weeks, we saw reversals in inflammation, both clinically and by looking at cellular and molecular measures of osteoclast formation and inflammatory cytokines.»

Not only can IL - 17 encourage inflammation, but it can also encourage the development of osteoclasts, cells that break down bone, in this case teeth.

In a study exploring the molecules controlling osteoclast differentiation in the cancer setting, Ell et al. have identified miRNAs (microRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression) whose levels were consistently down - or up - regulated in differentiating osteoclasts.

They found evidence of Del - 1 in the same areas as osteoclast activity, then followed up by generating human and mouse osteoclasts in vitro and found Del - 1 mRNA and protein expressed at high levels.

Osteoclasts from mice that lacked Del - 1 or from cell lines lacking the protein could be differentiated faster and stronger.

With this new understanding of how Del - 1 can inhibit periodontal bone loss — both by reducing inflammation and by restraining the activity of osteoclasts that resorb bone tissue — the researchers tested it, in a preclinical model of periodontitis observing that Del - 1 significantly reduced inflammation and tissue damage and that there was significantly less bone loss.

Further experimentation in vitro with human osteoclasts and in vivo in mice identified a portion of the Del - 1 protein that was particularly important for containing osteoclast activity, though additional parts of the molecule were needed to have the most potent inhibition of inflammation and bone loss.

A messenger protein called IL - 6 produced in bone marrow helps to encourage the growth of osteoclasts.

This outcome is achieved because miR - 34a blocks the development of bone - destroying cells called osteoclasts, which make the bone less dense and prone to fracture.

Two types of cell maintain bone: osteoblasts, which create new bone tissue, and osteoclasts, which remove old tissue.

High levels of bone destruction and reduced bone density caused by excessive osteoclasts are characteristic of osteoporosis, a common bone disease in which bones become fragile and susceptible to fracture.

Adding IL - 6 to the culture stimulated the production of osteoclasts.

To accomplish their functions, bones undergo continuous destruction (resorption) carried out by osteoclasts, and formation by osteoblasts.

«Clarifying the interplay between bone cells in bone remodeling: Spatiotemporal intercellular interactions between mature osteoblasts and mature osteoclasts in bone homeostasis in vivo demonstrated.»

Therefore, it is important to understand the spatial - temporal relationship and interaction between osteoblasts and terminally differentiated osteocytes (bone cells) and osteoclasts in vivo.

Another proposal centers on cells called osteoclasts.

But if osteoclasts aren't working properly, «in the end, what you get is disorganized bone,» Malchodi says.

Osteoclasts are cells that break down the bone.

«MCP - 1 is a chemokine, which induces cells to move along a gradient recruiting white cells and osteoclasts in tissues,» says Dr. Partridge.

Increased osteoclast formation causes bones to become thinner and weaker.

It influences the development of special cells, the so - called osteoclasts that are responsible for bone resorption.

In the present study, the researchers focused on the role of MCP - 1 in PTH - induced osteoclast formation.

They had been suspected of being involved in the regulation of bone resorption through the osteoclasts.

Because high serum levels of MCP - 1 cause the white cells and osteoclasts to be stimulated, this process could have systemic effects as well as effects on bone.

Now, the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology Team at the Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, headed by Professor Cevayir COBAN, have used mouse malaria models to show that robust immune activation and invasion of parasite by - products into the bone marrow during and after malaria infection leads to an adverse balance in bone homeostasis - a process usually tightly controlled - by bone forming osteoblasts and bone resorbing osteoclasts.

These products, including the major malarial by - product hemozoin, malarial proteins and as yet undefined virulence factors, induce MyD88 - dependent inflammatory responses in osteoclast and osteoblast precursors, leading to increased RANKL expression (a key molecule inducing osteoclast differentiation), and over-stimulation of osteoclastogenesis favoring bone resorption.»

The ruffled surfaces of bone - dissolving osteoclasts (pink) indicate that they are stripping out stressed bone.

So Steven Teitelbaum, a bone cell biologist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, decided to focus instead on the bone dismantlers, the osteoclasts.

As might be expected, it reduces the number of bone - dissolving cells, or osteoclasts, in mice with a condition resembling osteoporosis.

By adding vitamin D to a petri dish full of osteoclast precursors, they discovered that the hormone blocked a signal called RANK ligand that tells these cells to become osteoclasts.

Proper bone development is maintained through a fine balance of bone - forming (osteoblast) and bone - resorbing (osteoclast) cells.

That's how vitamin D cuts back on osteoclasts.

Then bone - making cells called osteoblasts and bone - absorbing cells called osteoclasts grow and sculpt new bone at the site of fracture.

Vitamin D performs the opposite trick — boosting osteoclast numbers — via a more circuitous route.

The WNT7B protein had no effect on the total activity of bone - degrading osteoclasts but substantially increased the number of bone - building osteoblast cells.

Initially, fluoxetine protects bone by inhibiting the cells in the skeleton (osteoclasts) that constantly break down and resorb bone.

Our bones are in a constant state of flux as the number of bone - making (osteoblast) cells fluctuates, while the number of bone - degrading (osteoclast) cells also adjusts.

This indicates that microgravity's effect on bone density likely involves changes in mechanical force that lowers overall physical activity and therefore causes osteoclast activation

Previous studies suggest that microgravity activates osteoclasts, cells that control the breakdown of bone tissue, and the Medaka fish investigation examined the relationship between this increased osteoclast activity and reduced bone mineral density.