It is known that several of them are engaged in
mapping seafloor features that will (it is hoped) support various territorial claims.
Although oil and gas deposits generally lie within the existing 200 - mile limits, Christian Marcussen, a Danish geophysicist, senses that
mapping the seafloor farther out is going to be worth it.
At the same time the ship was also routinely
mapping the seafloor.
And a gravimeter picks up tiny changes in Earth's gravitational field, perfectly
mapping the seafloor's rocky bottom.
Oceanographers have
mapped the seafloor and tracked endangered marine species for decades using autonomous underwater vehicles, or AUVs.
This technique, first developed by the military in the 1960s to identify submarine locations with pinpoint accuracy, allows oceanographers to
map the seafloor with as much detail as the moon.
Their collected data has allowed Rignot, Scheuchl and their team at UC Irvine to
map the seafloor in the region.
In addition, the ship's ME70 and EK60 high - resolution sonars will be used to
map the seafloor and fish distributions in areas around San Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Anacapa, and Santa Barbara Islands.
In Antarctica, a new compilation called Bedmap2, produced by the British Antarctic Survey, merges multiple data sources to
map the seafloor and sub-glacial bedrock elevation.
The survey was the first by any state to
map the seafloor geology of a complete Wind Energy Area.
Data on slight variations of the pull of gravity over the oceans are recorded with satellite altimetry, and are then combined to
map the seafloor globally.
Not exact matches
The teams with the highest scores in
seafloor mapping and high - definition digital imagery will get a total of $ 6 million.
A new
map of the surrounding
seafloor helps explain why: Many of the fastest - melting glaciers sit atop deep fjords that allow Atlantic Ocean water to melt them from below.
The study uses data from two NASA missions — Operation IceBridge, which measures ice thickness and gravity from aircraft, and Oceans Melting Greenland, or OMG, which uses sonar and gravity instruments to
map the shape and depth of the
seafloor close to the ice front.
Using data collected by
seafloor sound monitors, the scientists can
map the locations of whales and measure their sounds, along with anthropogenic sounds.
Using echosounders installed on the hull of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ship Nancy Foster, the science team
mapped canyons and shelf regions at high resolution over more than 380 square miles (1,000 square kilometers) of
seafloor from south of Cape Hatteras to Baltimore Canyon, which runs from offshore North Carolina to the eastern tip of Long Island.
«Given the immense size of the regions in which we are working, it has taken many years of data collection and integration of existing data sets in order to produce
seafloor maps with the resolution needed to identify all the features we are interested in,» said U.S. Geological Survey research marine geologist Jason Chaytor.
On bathymetric
maps of
seafloor topography, they look like grooves on a record.
But seismological
maps and other characterizations of these regions of the
seafloor are scant.
The
seafloor is so poorly
mapped that there could easily be something deeper out there, but that's not all that important to us.
Some scientists plan to assess the stability of the remaining ice shelf, others will
map the region's
seafloor topography and still others want to study the newly exposed ecosystem that's been hidden from the sun for up to 120,000 years (SN Online: 10/13/17).
But using an old
seafloor map of Havre and satellite data, Carey and her colleagues calculated that more than 75 percent of the material produced by Havre ended up in the 400 - square - kilometer pumice raft.
In addition to a marine biologist's typical tools — water samplers to measure salinity and temperature, plankton nets — the team's toolbox will hold cameras, coring systems to collect
seafloor sediment, and hydroacoustic equipment to
map the topography of the now - exposed seabed.
Now, several research groups aim to assess the stability of the remaining ice shelf,
map the region's
seafloor and study a newly exposed ecosystem that's been hidden from the sun for up to 120,000 years.
Collected data include 3D
maps of the
seafloor and high - quality video and photos, and show the location and extent of the corals.
The AUV team, led by MBARI engineer David Caress, pored over the detailed bathymetric
map they created from the AUV data and saw a number of mounds and spires rising up from the
seafloor.
This spring it took us only two days to do the same thing in the Pescadero Basin, using MBARI's high - precision
seafloor -
mapping AUV.»
MBARI's yellow, torpedo - shaped
seafloor -
mapping AUV spent two days flying about 50 meters above the bottom of the Basin, using sound beams to
map the depth and shape of the
seafloor.
«We wanted to
map the ridge to see where vent fields were likely to be,» Baker says, riffling through the multicolored
maps of the
seafloor that clutter the desk in his Seattle office.
After puzzling it over and practically wallpapering his house with
seafloor topography and magnetic field
maps, in 1993 Klimley hypothesized that somehow their oblong - shaped heads can sense tiny changes in the magnetic lines created by volcanic lava flows.
Using sonar reflections to
map the shallow
seafloor, he and his colleagues have seen that this thin shell has cracked in certain places and is now sliding down the ridge's steep sides.
And the seals do it all for a fraction of the cost of traditional
seafloor mapping done from ships.
He also examined studies of ancient sea levels and a detailed bathymetric
map showing the depth of the
seafloor between the islands of Okinawa and Japan.
«Southern Italy: Earthquake hazard due to active plate boundary: International team of researchers publishes latest
seafloor maps.»
The primary purpose of the expedition was to
map the Arctic
seafloor and the sediments beneath.
In the big
map you can see the surrounding geology of the
seafloor and then this little tiny dot in the middle — that's Titanic.
The NOC's robot - sub, Autosub6000, used
seafloor photographs to create the first landscape - scale
map of marine snow patches in addition to a
map of the abundance of life on the sea - floor (also known as biomass).
This is the first time we've ever made a real
map of the
seafloor around Titanic and of the Titanic itself.
Unlike traditional shipboard sonar measurements — which bounce waves off the
seafloor and have
mapped out a mere 20 percent of the planet's oceans — the satellites captured subtle variations in Earth's gravitational pull at the water's surface.
They deployed the AUV Sentry in a series of 11 dives that
mapped more than 19 square miles (50 square kilometers) of
seafloor.
«When we looked at the detailed
maps from the AUV, we saw all these bumps on the
seafloor and I thought the vehicle's sonar was acting up.
On December 14, Peter Diamandis, chairman and CEO of X Prize, announced the launch of the Shell Ocean Discovery X Prize, a three - year global competition that challenges researchers to build better technologies for
mapping what Diamandis called one of the «greatest unexplored frontiers» — Earth's
seafloor.
New Zealand scientists
mapped the Havre volcano, a caldera nearly three miles (4.5 kilometers) across on the
seafloor northeast of the North Island of New Zealand, using shipboard sonar instruments in 2002 and again immediately after the eruption in 2012, revealing the presence of new volcanic material on the
seafloor.
Mapping and
seafloor observations revealed that, of the material that erupted, which was nearly 1.5 times larger than the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, about 75 percent floated to the surface and drifted away with winds and currents.
The vehicle must be equipped with technologies that allow it to create high - resolution
maps of the
seafloor at depths of about 13,125 feet (4,000 meters).
«What this work shows is that, contrary to some previous estimates, the two middle sections of the Cascadia Subduction Zone that affect most of Oregon have a frequency that's more similar than different,» said Goldfinger, who directs the Active Tectonics and
Seafloor Mapping Laboratory at OSU.
These are the latest conclusions of a detailed
mapping project exploring the topography of the
seafloor and bedrock around and beneath Greenland's glaciers.
Wright has been instrumental in building an important research program in
seafloor mapping and tectonics at the University of Oregon, and she wouldn't trade her job for anything.
In mid-July, the Indonesian research and fisheries vessel Baruna Jaya IVwill
map more of the
seafloor and deploy instruments within the Kawio Islands before both ships meet in the Indonesian Port of Bitung.
Thus far, Okeanos Explorer has
mapped 2,400 square miles of the Indonesian
seafloor, an area equal to the size of Delaware.