Sentences with phrase «marginal abatement»

Using a global model based on the marginal abatement costs of 12 countries and regions, this paper estimates the contributions of the three Kyoto flexibility mechanisms to meet the total greenhouse gas emissions reductions required of Annex 1 countries under the three trading scenarios respectively.

Marginal abatement costs; Emissions trading; Clean development mechanism; Joint implementation; Kyoto Protocol; Greenhouse gases

Ellerman, A.D. and A. Decaux (1998), Analysis of Post-Kyoto CO2 Emissions Trading Using Marginal Abatement Curves, MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, Report No. 40, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The gains are unevenly distributed, however, with Annex 1 countries that have the highest autarkic marginal abatement costs tending to benefit the most.

The theory of prices versus quantities for pollution control (Weitzman 1974) shows that such uncertainty will invariably lead the policy to under - or overshoot the optimum: imposing a quantitative target will lead to higher or lower marginal abatement costs than expected, while a given tax rate will lead to greater or lesser abatement effort than expected.

If marginal abatement costs go up faster then taxes are supposed to be better.

Zhang, ZhongXiang (2001): An economic assessment of the Kyoto Protocol using a global model based on the marginal abatement costs of 12 regions.

The Department of Commerce, in consultation with the Washington State University (WSU) Extension Energy Program, will analyze carbon reduction opportunities which may include a marginal abatement cost curve providing guidance on the cost to reduce emissions in various sectors with various technologies.

Unlike a cap - and - trade system, there's no analysis and debate about the cost of allowances (and the marginal abatement costs they represent); and unlike a carbon tax, there's no analysis and no focus on the dollar amount of the tax and the aggregate cost.

It should be noted, however, that there will be different marginal abatement costs across states, and so aggregate reductions would not be achieved cost - effectively.

The emissions price must also rise at roughly the rate of interest (about five percent) over time (to equate the discounted marginal abatement costs at different points in time).

To carry this out requires a uniform price on emissions from different regions within a given year (to equalize marginal abatement costs across different countries).

This approach seeks reduction efforts that are fair for all industrialized countries, by equally sharing the marginal abatement costs of greenhouse gas emission reductions, aiming at a 25 percent reduction from 1990 for these countries.

Marginal abatement costs are the additional costs required for additional reductions; this approach considers previous efforts.

Japan, for example, has already made considerable investments into energy efficiency improvements, so its marginal abatement cost is higher than in countries that have not done so.

During the previous twenty years, pollution abatement costs had continually increased, as stricter standards moved the private sector up the marginal abatement - cost curve.

The SkyShares model enables users to relate a target limit for temperature change to a global emissions ceiling; to allocate this emissions budget across countries using different policy rules; and then uses estimated marginal abatement costs to calculate the costs faced by each country of decarbonising to meet its emissions budget, with the costs for each country depending in part on whether and how much carbon trading is allowed.

Only carbon - pricing provides strong incentives that push all sources to control at the same marginal abatement cost, thereby achieving a given aggregate target at the lowest possible cost.

Not exact matches

-- almost 40 % of abatement could be accheived at negative marginal cost and generate positive economic returns over their lifecycle.

An emissions price path with this property precludes all opportunities for arbitrage because the discounted marginal cost of abatement is constant across time.

re negative carbon prices: SCC calculations allow for a level at which (marginal) abatement costs exceed projected damages so the SCC is negative.

The market mechanism would ensure that the prices were equalized across different countries, and this would lead to equalizing marginal costs of abatement across countries and to a global minimum cost.