Why is a neutron, for example, more
massive than a proton rather than the other way around?
These neutrino cousins, 100 trillion times more
massive than a proton, formed in the tremendous heat that existed right after the Big Bang.
Not exact matches
Whereas «up» and «down» quarks instantly condense to form
protons and neutrons, the addition of «strange» quarks makes a stable nugget that can grow far more
massive than the nuclei of ordinary atoms, Witten proposed in 1984.
That fact suggests that the particles must be more
massive than about 0.3 billion electron volts — about a third the mass of a
proton — the researchers calculate.
For a monopole with twice the minimum charge, Rajantie and Gould determined that magnetic monopoles must be more
massive than about 10 billion electron volts, going by data from collisions of lead nuclei in the Super
Proton Synchrotron, a smaller accelerator at CERN.
If those
protons were just 0.2 percent more
massive than they actually are, they would be unstable and would decay into simpler particles.
Measured at the LHC to be more
than 130 times heavier
than the
proton, the Higgs is one of the most
massive particles known.
This shift is sensitive to the
proton's radius, and muons — which some 200 times more
massive than electrons — make it millions of times easier to measure.
They are known as WIMPs (for weakly interacting
massive particles), and if they exist, these particles have masses tens or hundreds of times greater
than that of a
proton but interact so weakly with ordinary matter that they're difficult to detect.