Distinct profiles
of maternal controlling feeding practices when girls were 5 y old were derived by using LPA and mothers» reports on the RAQ (2)-- a measure that assesses multiple dimensions of controlling feeding practices used with snack foods (Table 1), including limit - setting practices (eg, «In general, do you limit how much of these foods your child is allowed to have?»)
In follow - up analyses involving child and parenting factors, the combination of high negative emotionality, low fearfulness, and high
negative maternal control preceded high, nondecreasing externalizing trajectories.
Mean (± SE) percent change in girls» BMI percentile from age 5 to 7 y
by maternal controlling feeding profiles and level of inhibitory control (n = 180).
Mother — child mutually positive affect, the quality of child compliance to requests and prohibitions, and
maternal control as correlates of early internalization
Noncompliant behavior, overactivity, and family stress as predictors of negative
maternal control in preschool children
Maternal and child anxiety: Do attachment beliefs or children's perception of
maternal control mediate their association?
The combination of high negative emotionality, high fearfulness, and high negative
maternal control preceded high, increasing internalizing trajectories.
Several works from the 20th century close the exhibition: three masterly drawings by the young Pablo Picasso, Two Fashionable Women (1900), a blue - period Head of a Woman (c. 1903), and a cubist Standing Nude (summer 1910); an imposing study of a female nude by Georges Braque (1927); and three drawings by Louise Bourgeois, including M is for Mother (1998), a drawing of a large, red letter M that conveys not only maternal comfort but
also maternal control.
Appraisals of
maternal control among female adolescents with diabetes are associated with poorer adherence (Wiebe et al., 2005) and higher depression (Berg et al., 2007) relative to males.
Noncompliant behavior, overactivity, and family stress as predictors of negative
maternal control with preschool children
Conclusions: Effects of
maternal control on girls» EAH and BMI may differ by the type of practice used (eg, limit - setting or restrictive practices).
Further, positive associations with child AD were observed
for maternal controlling and unresponsive behaviors (adjusted OR = 1.33, 95 % CI 1.03, 1.71, p = 0.028 and adjusted OR = 1.35, 95 % CI 1.05, 1.73, p = 0.020 respectively).
Cross-lagged regressions indicated that despite the high stability in children's problem ratings, observed negative
maternal control at age 4 and self - reported negative discipline at age 9 predicted externalizing problems at age 9 years, controlling for earlier levels of symptoms.
Recent meta - analyses confirmed that less maternal warmth and
more maternal control were related to increased children's mental health problems (Kawabata et al. 2011; McLeod et al. 2007).
When problem boys who met diagnostic criteria for Oppositional Disorder and / or Attention Deficit Disorder were compared with boys who were improved by age 9 years, family stress and earlier symptom levels, as well as
maternal control differentiated between them.
Maternal and child anxiety: Do attachment beliefs or children's perceptions of
maternal control mediate their association?
Empirical literature on specific mother — child interactions identified maternal warmth and
maternal control as crucial factors in explaining children's internalizing and externalizing mental health problems (Albrecht et al. 2007; Casas et al. 2006; McNamara et al. 2010).
Externalizing problems at ages 4 and 9 were associated with concurrent family stress, but this relationship was partially mediated by
negative maternal control.
At high levels
of maternal control / unresponsiveness in mother — infant relationship observations, more children have AD than children whose mothers are less controlling / more responsive.
Campbell and colleagues7 reported that observations of negative
maternal control and maternal self ‑ reports of negative discipline techniques at age 4 predicted externalizing problems by age 9, even after controlling for earlier behavioural problems.
Boys» externalizing problems at elementary school age: Pathways from early behavior problems,
maternal control, and family stress
Maternal control and adolescent depression: Ethnic differences among clinically referred girls
Boys» externalizing problems at elementary school: Pathways from early behavior problems,
maternal control, and family stress