Scientists examined mitochondrial DNA, which is passed from mothers to offspring, to trace
maternal lineages of ancient and modern dogs and wolves.
Overall, the study's data from mitochondrial DNA — different from nuclear DNA in that it helps scientists
trace maternal lineages — reveal that population structure in humpback whales is largely driven by female whales that return annually to the same breeding grounds and by the early experience of calves that accompany their mothers on their first round - trip migration to the feeding grounds.
We could demonstrate that our marine hunter - gatherer carried a
different maternal lineage to these early migrants — containing a DNA variant that we have never seen before.»
So confused is the genetic history of llamas that some are in fact chimeras; they have cells in their bodies from two
distinct maternal lineages.
However, mtDNA is inherited through the mother and not the father, so it reveals the history of
maternal lineages only.
While human societies historically privilege the firstborn, in baboon
troops maternal lineage is ranked by lastborn — with each new female baby replacing the last in terms of hierarchy.
According to the study, these asexual worms are likely the recent result of a series of interspecific hybridization encounters between a closely
related maternal lineage and different male donors (the exact parental genealogy remains a mystery).
It is more closely associated
with maternal lineages found in wolves, foxes, and jackals than with other dog lineages.
Mitochondria are inherited from mother to child and can thus be used to
trace maternal lineages and population split times.
Mitochondrial Eve is simply the single trunk at the bottom of the existing human family tree that traces
the maternal lineage.
It is possible to trace
the maternal lineage of those of European descent back to seven lines of women, with the implication of an Eve figure.
A related phenomenon is the fact that everyone in the world carries the mitochondria of
their maternal lineage.
Those studies were based on an analysis restricted to mitochondrial DNA, which is passed along via
the maternal lineage.
The mitochondrial DNA of the Goyet and Russian dogs belongs to
a maternal lineage that didn't leave any modern descendants, researchers reported in Science in 2013.
The results showed that the paternal lineage of Ötzi was very common in different regions in Europe during the Neolithic age, while
his maternal lineage probably existed only in the Alps.
Despite this, the genetic relationship between the Iceman's
maternal lineage and lineages found in modern populations was not yet clear.»
The same migrations that have replaced only in part his paternal lineage caused the extinction of
his maternal lineage that was inherited in a small and demographic stationary population.
It remains to be explained why Ötzi's
maternal lineage has disappeared, while his paternal lineage — named G2a — still exists in Europe.
The most recent study regarding the analysis of Ötzi's complete mitochondrial DNA, conducted in 2008 by other research teams showed that the Iceman's
maternal lineage — named K1f — was no longer traceable in modern populations.
I chose to base my article out of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), India, a place associated in the minds of many with all the ills of an overcrowded world, and also home to
my maternal lineage.
The study, published in Nature Communications, suggests that
maternal lineages were not brought from the Near East or Caucasus, as sometimes believed, but rather originated within Mediterranean Europe.
It's now
the maternal lineage of the overwhelming majority of Mastiffs, Labrador Retrievers and Gordon Setters.
Whether it is placing
her maternal lineage in the middle of her signature or cleverly placing a mirror to the viewer's socio - cultural ideals, as they stare at her works, in her current exhibition «Of Context and Without.»