Reported barriers
include maternal work [12 — 14], age [11, 15], available emotional support, especially support of the baby's father [16], planned pregnancy and delivery [13], race [4, 17, 18] and maternal education [15, 18, 19].
Maternal Work Hours and Adolescents» School Outcomes Among Low - Income Families in Four Urban Counties.
Among the factors for which we tested the associations between NMC and the high PA trajectory, 5 variables were found to be significantly associated with both NMC and PA: the presence of siblings, insufficient income, maternal depression,
maternal work, and family status.