Actively regenerating tissues expressing a gene have mRNAs with shorter tails, while
mature cells expressing that same gene have mRNAs with longer tails,» says Vairavan Lakshmanan, who is one of the lead authors of the paper that details these findings.
Not exact matches
«Other miRNAs were being
expressed in high levels in the more
mature cells, but let - 7 had increased 1000-fold.
Although myeloma is, like leukemias and lymphomas, a cancer involving white blood
cells known as lymphocytes, myeloma
cells don't traditionally
express CD19 on their surface because they arise from the most
mature type of lymphocytes — plasma
cells.
«Promoter» areas, locations where genes begin to be
expressed, must be paired precisely with «enhancer» clusters, where
cells mature to a targeted function.
The researchers saw that in early stages, two days after the mice were born, developing rod
cells expressed genes normally seen in
mature short - wavelength cones (which are used in other animals to detect ultraviolet light).
These
cells express common and unique extracellular matrix and tendon genes that are more specialized to support the
mature scar.
EFTF -
expressing pluripotent
cells form functional retinal
cells and eyes when transplanted to the developing embryo, but can these induced retinal
cells also differentiate into all the functional retinal
cell classes in a
mature normal or damaged retinal environment?
Deciphering the role in cancer of «non-conventional» T
cells that recognize lipid antigens presented by CD1 molecules, non-polymorphic MHC - I - related molecules
expressed by
mature myeloid and B
cells.
We also cultured animals in BrdU and used immunocytochemistry to detect mitotically active
cells in
mature retinas generated from EFTF -
expressing cells.
After 15 days, a subset of
cells expressed regulators of RGC differentiation (Atoh7, Brn3b, and Islet1), while a smaller subset co-
expressed Brn3b and the
mature RGC marker Thy1, thus confirming a RGC identity.
These results suggest that EFTF -
expressing cells are multipotent, as they differentiate into the seven retinal
cell classes of the
mature retina.
In the thymus, expression of CD4 and CD8 varies during T
cell maturation, such that
cells initially do not
express CD4 or CD8 (double negative [DN]-RRB- after arriving to the thymus, then
express both CD4 and CD8 (double positive [DP]-RRB- after TCR rearrangement, and finally downregulate either CD4 or CD8 to generate
mature single - positive
cells that exit into the periphery.
Two other more
mature brain
cell types, astrocytes and microglia, which can migrate in the brain, also
express the AXL gene.
BTLA is also
expressed by all
mature lymphocytes, splenic macrophages, and
mature, but not immature bone marrow - derived dendritic
cells.
Glial
cell line - derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was selected based on clear evidence that it increases neuronal sprouting, prevents
cell death [20], [21] and has neuroprotective effects in the brain [11], [22]--[24], spinal cord [12] and retina [25]--[30], and because receptors for GDNF are
expressed within
mature retina [26], [31]--[34].
We have previously reported that our 26 - d protocol closely recapitulates key stages of biliary development, starting with the differentiation of hPSCs into endoderm and subsequently into foregut progenitor (FP)
cells, followed by the generation of hepatoblasts (HBs), cholangiocyte progenitors (CPs)
expressing early biliary markers and
mature CLCs displaying cholangiocyte functionality.
We found that differentiated iPS - RPE
cells were morphologically similar to, and
expressed numerous markers of developing and
mature RPE
cells.
Then Hu
expressed lincRNA - EPS in
maturing red blood
cells and grew these
cells in the absence of the hormone erythropoietin, which normally prevents the blood
cell progenitors from undergoing apoptosis.