Most reported cases have been ascribed to the use of contaminated well
water for preparation of infant formula.1 — 3 Fifteen million families in the United States obtain their drinking
water from unregulated wells.4 In a survey of 5500 private
water supplies from 9 Midwestern states, 13 % of the wells were found to have nitrate concentrations > 10 mg / L or 10 ppm nitrate nitrogen, 5 the federal
maximum contaminant level.6 It is estimated that 2 million families drink
water from private wells that fail to meet the federal drinking -
water standard for nitrate, and 40000 infants younger than 6 months live in homes that have nitrate - contaminated
water supplies.4 In urban areas, municipal wastewater - treatment
discharges (a source of nutrients) on surrounding farmland aggravate the problem.7
With the Antarctic sea ice
maximum observed this year I wondered if it was due to the sub-surface melt lakes
discharging fresh super-chilled
water out under the ice sheets.