Sentences with phrase «mean air surface»

Empirical analysis of the solar contribution to global mean air surface temperature change (PDF), Nicola Scafetta, 12/2009, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar - Terrestrial Physics, Volume 71, Issues 17 - 18, pp. 1916 - 1923

In time as AGW progresses, the sea will warm as well, this means air surface temperatures will have to be colder to create sea ice.

Not exact matches

Part of the funding for those projects will come from ISTEA, the Intermodel Surface Transportation Enhancement Act, part of the Clean Air Act of 1990, that encourages municipalities to seek alternative means of transportation, such as bikes.

These wind shifts mean that air arrives in Western Europe via very different pathways in decades when the surface of the North Atlantic is warm, compared to decades when it is cool.

First, sea - surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico have been higher than normal in the past couple of months, due to global warming, which means the air that flowed north would have been warmer to start with.

But rising air temperatures mean that it is now stratifying about a month earlier — giving the shallow surface layers much more time to get toasty each summer.

Maps of median TAE averaged across 23 model simulations for (a) and (b) mean surface air temperature, (c) and (d) highest daily maximum temperature, (e) and (f) lowest daily minimum temperature, (g) and (h) total precipitation, and (i), (j) maximum 1 - d precipitation for (a), (c), (e), (g) and (i) June - August and (b), (d), (f), (h) and (j) December - February.

The analysis of high - frequency surface air temperature, mean sea - level pressure, wind speed and direction and cloud - cover data from the solar eclipse of 20 March 2015 from the UK, Faroe Islands and Iceland, published today (Monday 22 August 2016), sheds new light on the phenomenon.

In addition, the cold temperatures and the way air is mixed close to the surface at the poles mean that the surface has to warm more to radiate additional heat back to space.

A low - altitude flow of warm, moist air from an ocean area combined with a flow of cold, dry polar air high up creates maximum instability, which means that parcels of air heated near the surface rise rapidly, creating powerful updrafts.

For the change in annual mean surface air temperature in the various cases, the model experiments show the familiar pattern documented in the SAR with a maximum warming in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and a minimum in the Southern Ocean (due to ocean heat uptake)(2)

The Walker circulation refers to the mean (steady) ciculation where air over the warm pool in the western part of the tropical Pacific rises, being fed by the easterly surface trade winds across the Pacific, and subsidence over eastern Pacific.

Normalised RMS error in simulation of climatological patterns of monthly precipitation, mean sea level pressure and surface air temperature.

Firstly, what is the best estimate of the global mean surface air temperature anomaly?

Pitman, A.J., B.J. McAvaney, N. Bagnoud, and B. Cheminat, 2004: Are inter-model differences in AMIP - II near surface air temperature means and extremes explained by land surface energy balance complexity?

For example, the global - mean near - surface air temperature was more than 1 K lower than in the experiment assuming spherical snow grains.

Assuming that their result is widely accurate wherever those can be modeled, and PR rate is proportional to the rate of ascension of air, the increase of SH due to a 0.5 C increase of surface mean temperature should be approximately 6 % of 24 W / m ^ 2 = 1.4 W / m ^ 2.

That means that any surface that does not dry within 48 hours is spewing mold cells into the air.

This technology also means an actual surface isn't needed to transmit data — simply writing notes in the air would suffice.

This means that dark brown microscopic flecks of pigment are free - floating, like dust in the air, inside the anterior chamber and end up sticking to surfaces inside the eye, especially the anterior lens capsule.

You claim that earth absorb 240W / m ^ 2, and the difference to what is observed surface emission of 390W / m ^ 2 is explained by saying that the amount of energy increase from the presence of damp, cold air at -18 C mean temperature.

411 SG Bolstrom, I am observing a particular trend unlike the recent past, whereas the Arctic air profiles are leaning more adiabatically during winter, this means a whole lot of confusion with respect to temperature trends, namely the high Upper Air should cool as the surface warms, and the reverse, the Upper air warms when heat from the lower atmosphere is transferred upwarair profiles are leaning more adiabatically during winter, this means a whole lot of confusion with respect to temperature trends, namely the high Upper Air should cool as the surface warms, and the reverse, the Upper air warms when heat from the lower atmosphere is transferred upwarAir should cool as the surface warms, and the reverse, the Upper air warms when heat from the lower atmosphere is transferred upwarair warms when heat from the lower atmosphere is transferred upwards.

This means that as the dense cold air flows towards the low spot and pools there the influence of the large scale wind decreases to zero in a shallow layer near the surface.

Lou Grinzo (12)-- I am under the impression that HadCRUTv3 uses air temperatures on land and sea surface temperatures in the oceans to produce their global mean.

(The specific dataset used as the foundation of the composition was the Combined Land - Surface Air and Sea - Surface Water Temperature Anomalies Zonal annual means.)

is dissipated by damping of gravity waves in the bulk of the air (from thunderstorm CAPE energy) and 1/2 of the remainder is dissipated in the boundary layer (the part dissipated near the surface is the accessible part by conventional means)... well, you get the idea.

Brown, P. T., W. Li, and S. P. Xie (2015), Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models, J. Geophys.

http://climate.nasa.gov/news/1141/: «Norman Loeb, an atmospheric scientist at NASA's Langley Research Center, recently gave a talk on the «global warming hiatus,» a slowdown in the rise of the global mean surface air temperature.

While the rise in global mean surface air temperature has continued, between 1998 and 2012 the increase was approximately one third of that from 1951 to 2012.»

Transient climate sensitivity: The global mean surface - air temperature achieved when atmospheric CO2 concentrations achieve a doubling over pre-industrial CO2 levels increasing at the assumed rate of one percent per year, compounded.

However, the CRU global mean combined land air / sea surface temperature estimates for Jan - Aug 2005 lag behind the 1998 annual mean estimate by 0.08 C (0.50 C vs. 58C for 1998) while GISS indicates a lag of 0.02 C.

Do photons from the surface of the earth heat up the CO2 molecules that absorb them (where heating up would mean making them move faster), and transmit this heat to other air molecules by collision.

In the context of climate and weather, the term convection often is meant to include the conduction and diffusion at the surface; these fluxes heat a thin layer as convection cools it, thus the tendency is that approximately the same flux continues from the surface through a short distance of air, changing from conduction and diffusion into convection along the way.

Firstly, what is the best estimate of the global mean surface air temperature anomaly?

Here, the author draws causality relationships between global mean near - surface air temperatures and Atlantic sea surface temperatures and hurricane power dissipation indexes using statistical causality tests.

Annual mean European surface air temperatures have increased by around 0.85 °C over the last 100 years.

The term «climate sensitivity» refers to the steady - state increase in the global annual mean surface air temperature associated with a given global mean radiative forcing.

By the way, this is important because it means that increasing CO2 can not increase surface temperatures without first increasing air temperatures.

(The global mean surface air temperature for that period was estimated to be 14 °C (57 °F), with an uncertainty of several tenths of a degree.)

Normalised RMS error in simulation of climatological patterns of monthly precipitation, mean sea level pressure and surface air temperature.

The climate sensitivity is defined as the equilibrated change in global mean surface air temperature (SAT) for a given change in radiative forcing and has been a major focus of climate research over the last three decades.

The code currently starts from the annual - mean data for the surface, upper - air, and deep - ocean temperatures that were extracted from the MIT IGSM model output files.

By equivalent we mean approaches supported by robust evidence (such as monitoring studies) to demonstrate their efficacy, with particular regard to indoor air quality, energy performance, comfort, and the prevention of surface / interstitial condensation.

The FAR used simple global climate models to estimate changes in the global mean surface air temperature under various CO2 emissions scenarios.

Dataset Output Times and Time Averaging: 3 - hourly for surface and upper air fields, Monthly means of selected variables

The air temperature in the troposphere is governed by the surface, so it isn't going to warm first anyway unless you do things like insulate it from the ground which means it is not physically the troposphere anymore.

We might expect «global warming» (i.e., an increase in average surface air temperatures over a few decades) to lead to a rise in global mean sea levels.

Try Map type = Ensemble mean anomaly Detrend = No Quantity = Surface Air Temp mean Time interval = 1995 - 2011 Base period = 1890 - 1910

'' Nevertheless, the long - term global mean Earth surface air temperature (SAT) is significantly anticorrelated with decadal and longer LOD (e.g., Lambeck and Cazenave 1976).

Using 1860 to 2005 as the historical period, this index has a global mean of 2069 (± 18 years s.d.) for near - surface air temperature under an emissions stabilization scenario and 2047 (± 14 years s.d.) under a «business - as - usual» scenario.