[23] It is cloudy year - round, with
mean cloud cover ranging from 60 % in winter to over 80 % in summer.
Palle et al. showed that the global monthly
mean cloud cover decreased by around 4.5 % between 1985 and 2000.
That means cloud cover, ozone blanketness (my word but it works), other trace gas blanketness, water vapor blanketness, etc, that occur in context with this trade wind.
Not exact matches
For a subset of 14 relatively clear (cloudy) stations, the
mean temperature drop was 0.91 ± 0.78 (0.31 ± 0.40) degrees C, but the
mean temperature drops for relatively calm and windy stations were almost identical, indicating that
cloud cover has a much greater effect than wind on the air temperature's response to an eclipse.
The analysis of high - frequency surface air temperature,
mean sea - level pressure, wind speed and direction and
cloud -
cover data from the solar eclipse of 20 March 2015 from the UK, Faroe Islands and Iceland, published today (Monday 22 August 2016), sheds new light on the phenomenon.
Ultimately, the group focused its investigation on the five strategies that appear to hold the most promise: reducing emissions, sequestering carbon through biological
means on land and in the ocean, storing carbon dioxide in a liquefied form in underground geological formations and wells, increasing Earth's
cloud cover and solar reflection.
«Global
mean time series of surface - and satellite - observed low - level and total
cloud cover exhibit very large discrepancies, however, implying that artifacts exist in one or both data sets... The surface - observed low - level
cloud cover time series averaged over the global ocean appears suspicious because it reports a very large 5 % - sky -
cover increase between 1952 and 1997.
The Grolier Codex, the team argues, is also a «predetermined rather than observational» guide,
meaning it declares what «should occur rather than what could be seen through the variable
cloud cover of eastern Mesoamerica.
In the winter, you will find less tourists and a better chance of
cloud cover which also
means prime photography conditions.
«Harmonic Distortion» has worldwide environmental scope: marble
clouds intricately patterned by wave formations; cyanotypes making apparent abstraction out of fifteen years of data showing that our
cloud cover is reducing; a performance in which one woman is bound by another, Kinbakushi style, in state of the art fibre optic cable even as she tries to draw circles using the oldest of
means — ochre pigment... So whether you wanted academic analysis, obsessive drawing burrowing into the psyche or the wide sweep of science and its consequent politics, you had them.
Under these conditions, low - level
cloud cover and its reflection of solar radiation increase, despite an increase in global
mean surface temperature.
Between a maximum and a minimum of solar activity (or between a minimum and a maximum of GCR flux) there is a variation of 1 % of the
mean low
cloud cover.
All I have proposed is the possibility that a small (1C or less) increase in global
mean temp or a doubling of CO2 concentration will raise the rate of latent heat transport and possibly increase the
cloud cover, especially during the hottest time of the year in each region.
Debunking: According to this theory, cosmic rays are responsible for
cloud cover — fewer cosmic rays
means fewer
clouds and less cooling in the summer (
clouds reflect the energy) and more heating in the winter (as
clouds hold heat in).
The emission laws have removed most of this, reducing
cloud cover,
meaning the ground loses heat faster.
Note that the difference in the
mean is not predictive of the difference in all regions, and while the differences do have noticeable fingerprints in
clouds, ice
cover etc. the net impact on sensitivity is small (2.6 to 2.7 ºC).
Would it
mean latent heat budget, deep / shallow convections, low - medium - high
cloud cover are indifferent to the «hot spot» at 200 - 300 hPa?
With «
mean climate», surely the model ensemble
mean is
meant, however the «real data» to base the tuning on by definition is restricted to the single realisation of Earth's climate (including
cloud cover caused by, for instance, multi-decadal oscillations instead of AGW feedback).
Suppose for the sake of argument that a 0.2 C increase in
mean surface temp, starting with the climate as it is now, produced a 2 % increase in
cloud cover, in the conditions that produce lightning strikes.
In winter,
cloud cover often provides a blanket
meaning less heat escapes from the underlying land.
Specifically, the
cloud cover is multiplied by the factor 1 + c T, where T, computed every time step, is the deviation of the global
mean surface air temperature from the long - term
mean in the model control run at the same point in the seasonal cycle and c is an empirical constant.
A possible 2 % increase in
cloud cover following a 1 % increase in
mean surface temp has been written about already, but I lack the references to the published instances; I mention them to avoid seeming to claim that the ideas I wrote in the paragraph above originated with me..
«This study examines variability in zonal
mean surface - observed upper - level (combined midlevel and high - level) and low - level
cloud cover over land during 1971 — 1996 and over ocean during 1952 — 1997.
Part way there, but no quantitation yet: of the 3.77 W / m ^ 2 radiated back dowwnard, most goes to increased rate of evaporation of the water at the surface, and much less goes to increased
mean temp increase at the surface; hence increased rate of non-radiative transfer of heat from surface to upper atmosphere, slight increase in rainfall as hydrological cycle is faster, and slight increase in
cloud cover.
In Antarctica, the ice that
covers the continent has a higher albedo than
clouds, so more
clouds means warming.
It seems the physical nature of
clouds reflecting radiation sould
mean «falling
cloud cover is causing temperatures to rise?»
Instead of changes in monthly values of Temp and precip (and
cloud cover) changes in ANNUAL
mean temperature were used to force LPJ.
Then, especially when there is excessive
cloud cover over the oceans, the Sun's energy absorbed above the
clouds can actually make its way down to the ocean surface (and below) warming the oceans by non-radiative processes, not by direct solar radiation which mostly passes through the thin surface layer and could barely raise the
mean temperature of an asphalt paved Earth above -35 C.
Overall,
clouds reflect more solar radiation than they trap, leading to a net cooling of ~ 27.7 W / m2 from the
mean global
cloud cover of ~ 63.3 % [Hartmann, 1993].
Thanks to Perth Metro's colder inland minima getting colder (low rainfall and little nighttime
cloud cover), Perth's
mean temperature has been stable and even dropped a tiny bit from 1994 to 2010.
We've had some warm weather but precipitation and
cloud cover is way up
meaning highs were about normal, more 90 degree highs than June 2007 thru June 2010 but again nothing above 93.
The satellite data is at least consistent and reasonably direct, although it is biased, not the
mean temperature under
cloud cover.
The regions in which monthly
means meet the mid-tropospheric dryness criterion frequently broadly correspond to regions with frequent low -
cloud cover, both in observations (Fig. 1a) and in climate models.
Their promotional embellishments have also corrupted the
meaning of «greenhouse effect,» a term originally relating the loose confinement of warm nighttime air near ground level by
cloud cover, to hot air trapped inside a greenhouse,» Kondis explained..
The wide range of studies conducted with the ISCCP datasets and the changing environment for accessing datasets over the Internet suggested the need for the Web site to provide: 1) a larger variety of information about the project and its data products for a much wider variety of users [e.g., people who may not use a particular ISCCP data product but could use some ancillary information (such as the map grid definition, topography, snow and ice
cover)-RSB-; 2) more information about the main data products in several different forms (e.g., illustrations of the
cloud analysis method) and more flexible access to the full documentation; 3) access to more data summaries and diagnostic statistics to illustrate research possibilities for students, for classroom use by educators, or for users with «simple» climatology questions (e.g., annual and seasonal
means); and 4) direct access to the complete data products (e.g., the whole monthly
mean cloud dataset is now available online).
More
clouds are slowing this process but along with the Sun going into idle, extra
clouds, extra sea ice exposed for longer and vast snow
cover it must
mean only one thing, Global Cooling.
More
cloud cover on a net global scale
means less solar radiation penetrates the surface, which leads to a net cooling, and less
cloud cover means more solar radiation penetrates into the (ocean) surface, which ultimately leads to net warming trend.
I don't think he did anything with
cloud height or
cloud cover, so I'm confused by your question, but either way the plots reflect monthly global average data with a 12 running
mean applied to smooth out the seasonal cycle.
Next, better count only days where there was no
cloud cover whatever, since cool and warm often just
means there was
cloud about to lower maxima and raise minima.
Lastly, there is a latitudinal variation in the
cloud cover, such that around 20 ° N there are regions with 0.10 less cloudiness than the global
mean.
«(a) Sherwood et al (2014) and Fasullo & Trenberth (2012) show that the most likely value for ECS is about 4.5 degrees C instead of the assumed
mean value of 3 degrees C; therefore, you should multiply the old projections by a factor of about 1.5, due to the low amount of
cloud cover near the equator.
«Global
mean time series of surface - and satellite - observed low - level and total
cloud cover exhibit very large discrepancies, however, implying that artifacts exist in one or both data sets... The surface - observed low - level
cloud cover time series averaged over the global ocean appears suspicious because it reports a very large 5 % - sky -
cover increase between 1952 and 1997.
If the prevailing rain pattern shifts farther to the west, that
means the convection,
cloud cover and precipitation all shift farther to the west.
According to NASA,
mean global
cloud cover declined from about 0.677 (67.7 %) in 1983 to about 0.644 (64.4 %) in 2001 or a decline of 0.033 (3.3 %).
This
means that outdoor visibility is rough in broad daylight (honestly, you can hardly see the screen unless there's
cloud cover), and using your phone in bed isn't the greatest.