Warmer temperatures
mean less ice cover over waterways, and water evaporates more than ice will into the air.
Not exact matches
They are motivated by the humbling realization that our knowledge of undersea life as a whole is only slightly
less sketchy than our knowledge of life under those Antarctic
ice shelves: Even where the water is not
covered by
ice, its sheer volume — not to mention the difficulty of seeing and moving through it —
means that it is nearly all aqua incognita.
«By «
ice - free», scientists usually
mean a sea
ice extent of
less than one million square kilometres, rather than zero sea
ice cover.
In one of the troubling feedback loops of the changing climate, dark
ice is partially caused by the warmer Arctic summers climate change has brought us: More warmth
means less fresh snowfall to
cover areas of accumulated sediment, changes to the shape and size of
ice grains that make them
less reflective, and more liquid near the surface.
Shallow snow
cover over birthing lairs, which are built against pressure ridges as shown in the diagram above (considered to be
less than 25 - 32 cm over the lair, or
less than 20 cm over flat
ice), 1 can
mean the snow caves are easier for polar bears to break into (and consume the pup)-- that's good news for polar bears (in the short term) but bad news for ringed seals.
With
ice cover shrinking in the Arctic during the summer months,
less sunlight is reflected off the icy surface, which
means the ocean absorbs the sunlight instead.
«Warmest in 1000 years»
means less when 600 years of the period was
covered in
ice.