Sentences with phrase «mean surface temperature observations»
In the opinion of the panel, the warming trend in global - mean surface temperature observations during the past 20 years is undoubtedly real and is substantially greater than the average rate of warming during the twentieth century.
https://www.nap.edu/
* However, the same panel then concluded that «the warming trend in global - mean surface temperature observations during the past 20 years is undoubtedly real and is substantially greater than the average rate of warming during the twentieth century.
Not exact matches
However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive Ocean - Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.
Thus, given the height and value of the emission temperature, we can get a simple estimate for the surface temperature: 255K + 5.5 km * 6K / km = 288K (= 15oC; close to the global mean estimated from observations given by NCDC of ~ 14oC).
You stated: «Thus, given the height and value of the emission temperature, we can get a simple estimate for the surface temperature: 255K + 5.5 km * 6K / km = 288K (= 15oC; close to the global mean estimated from observations given by NCDC of ~ 14oC).»
The observations from the Laptev Sea in 2007 indicate that the bottom water temperatures on the mid-shelf increased by more than 3 C compared to the long - term mean as a consequence of the unusually high summertime surface water temperatures.
Variations in global - mean temperature are inferred from three different sets of measurements: surface observations, satellite observations, and radiosonde observations.
However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive Ocean - Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.
Delegates debated at length to find the clearest language possible to explain that a claimed «15 - year hiatus» is based on a single variable (global mean surface temperature), too short a period of observation for climatic significance, and sensitive to the choice of the starting year from which a 15 - year period is calculated.
Figure 2: Gillett et al. time series of global mean near - surface air temperature anomalies in observations and simulations of CanESM2.
As is widely known, global mean surface temperature (GMST) has not increased over the past 13 - plus years, contributing to a growing divergence between global warming predictions and observations.
Since then there are a number of papers published on why the warming was statistically insignificant including a recent one by Richardson et al. 2016 which tries to explain that the models were projecting a global tas (temperature air surface) but the actual observations are a combination of tas (land) and SST oceans, meaning projected warming shouldn't be as much as projected.
Global mean temperatures from climate model simulations are typically calculated using surface air temperatures, while the corresponding observations are based on a blend of air and sea surface temperatures.
With the model and observation trends set to zero in 1979, the discrepancy between the model mean of the near - surface global temperatures and the surface observations by 2012 was 0.73 °C.
Global mean surface temperature anomalies (°C), relative to the period 1901 to 1950, from observations (black) and simulations (blue)[from Climate Change 2007: Working Group I: The Physical Science Basis]
We blended surface meteorological observations, remotely sensed (TRMM and NDVI) data, physiographic indices, and regression techniques to produce gridded maps of annual mean precipitation and temperature, as well as parameters for site - specific, daily weather generation for any location in Yemen.
However, our understanding of how the ocean impacts the global mean surface temperature is strongly limited by available observations, which historically have consisted primarily of sea surface temperature (SST) measurements.
The lack of an oscillatory model signal suggests that the inter-decadal global mean surface temperature signal derived from the observations and shown in Figs. 1A and 2B is indeed the signature of natural long - term climate variability.
For each trip the mean difference (trip bias), using the surface temperature observations for the reference, and the standard deviation of the differences were computed.
Global average temperature The mean surface temperature of the Earth measured from three main sources: satellites, monthly readings from a network of over 3,000 surface temperature observation stations and sea surface temperature measurements taken mainly from the fleet of merchant ships, naval ships and data buoys.
(Left) Sea surface temperature averaged over the North Atlantic (75 - 7.5 W, 0 - 60N), in the HADGEM2 - ES model (ensemble mean red; standard deviation yellow) compared with observations (black), as discussed in Booth et al 2012.