Sentences with phrase «mean temperature under»

The satellite data is at least consistent and reasonably direct, although it is biased, not the mean temperature under cloud cover.

It provided the most likely future evolution of the global mean temperature under different socio - economic scenarios and that of other quantities like regional precipitation changes.

Not exact matches

It must be produced entirely by mechanical means without the use of any solvents, and under temperatures that will not degrade the oil (less than 86 °F, 30 °C).

That means not only that the correct ingredients must be gathered, but they also must be in the correct ratio and sequence under the correct conditions in terms of time, temperature and other factors.

Essentially all it means is that you preheat the grill to a medium temperature (about 350 °F) and only have the flame or hot coals under 1/2 of the cooking area.

With an El Niño now under way — meaning warm surface waters in the Pacific are releasing heat into the atmosphere — and predicted to intensify, it looks as if the global average surface temperature could jump by around 0.1 °C in just one year.

«In particular the United States, southern South America, southern Africa, central and southern Europe, Southeast Asia and southern Australia are vulnerable regions, because declines in mean annual streamflow are projected combined with strong increases in water temperature under changing climate.

The whole CAGW — GHG scare is based on the obvious fallacy of putting the effect before the cause.As a simple (not exact) analogy controlling CO2 levels to control temperature is like trying to lower the temperature of an electric hot plate under a boiling pan of water by capturing and sequestering the steam coming off the top.A corollory to this idea is that the whole idea of a simple climate sensitivity to CO2 is nonsense and the sensitivity equation has no physical meaning unless you already know what the natural controls on energy inputs are already ie the extent of the natural variability.

Environment can mean many things like the temperature, or a chemical in the water but until that «free - will» organ is discovered it makes no sense to claim that a persons weight is anymore under their control than say their height or skin color!

While ECS is the equilibrium global mean temperature change that eventually results from atmospheric CO2 doubling, the smaller TCR refers to the global mean temperature change that is realised at the time of CO2 doubling under an idealised scenario in which CO2 concentrations increase by 1 % yr — 1 (Cubasch et al., 2001; see also Section 8.6.2.1).

BC17 derive a relationship in current generation (CMIP5) global climate models between predictors consisting of three basic aspects of each of these simulated fluxes in the recent past, and simulated increases in global mean surface temperature (GMST) under IPCC scenarios (ΔT).

The study examines permafrost carbon emissions in various climate models and under different scenarios, finding that the extra boost to warming from thawing permafrost could be 0.2 - 12 % of the change in global mean temperature.

Here's the problem forests and forest managers face under climate change: Increasing global mean temperatures, changes in precipitation, and the hydrologic cycle are expected to lead to temperature and drought stress for many tree species.

This means virtually no tendency of the brakes to vibrate when red - hot, and virtually no likelihood of the rotors cracking even under the extreme temperatures that might be encountered in driving on a racetrack.

With 755 horsepower the 2019 Chevrolet Corvette zr1 is the most powerful Corvette ever it's also the most technologically advanced behind me are the rolling s's at Road Atlanta and we're here to see if we can reach to the supercar levels of performance afforded by this thing's massive power big tires and the tall wing on the back after that we'll take to the streets to see if a car this powerful can behave itself in public this is a monster of a car I've had some brief track opportunities moving this morning to get used to the pace of this machine which is phenomenal we're gonna warm up as we get out to the road Atlanta and sort of build up to the pace that this car can operate at now initially when you hop in this car you have this shrine to the engine right above you you see the line of the hood it kind of dominates the center of the view you can see over it it doesn't affect visibility but it's immediately obvious and that kind of speaks to what makes this car special it's a monster of an engine listen to that [Music] that is tremendous tremendous acceleration and incredible power but what I finding so far my brief time here at the Atlanta is that everything else in the car is rut has risen to match hurt me while I lay into it on the back straight look you know 150 mile - an - hour indicated we're going to ease up a little bit on it because I need to focus on talking rather than driving but like I was saying the attributes of the rest of the car the steering the braking capability the grip every system of this car is riding to the same level of the power and I think that's what makes it really impressive initially this is undoubtedly a mega mega fast car but it's one that doesn't terrify you with its performance potential there's a level of electronic sophistication that is unparalleled at this price point but it's hard not to get you know totally slipped away by the power of this engine so that's why I keep coming back to it this car has an electronically controlled limited slip differential it has shocks filled with magnetically responsive fluid that can react faster to inputs and everything this car has a super sophisticated stability control system that teaches you how to drive it quick but also makes you go faster we haven't even gotten into exploring it yet because the limits of this car are so high that frankly it takes a while to grow into it but [Music] I think what's impressive about this car is despite how fast it is it is approachable you can buy this car to track dates with it and grow with it as a driver and as an owner I think that's a really special [Music] because you will never be more talented than this car is fast ever unless you are a racing driver casually grazing under 50 miles an hour on this straight okay I'm just going to enjoy driving this now [Music][Applause][Music] this particular Corvette zr1 comes with the cars track performance package a lot of those changes happen underneath the sheet metal but one of the big differences that is immediately obvious is this giant carbon fiber wing now the way this thing is mounted is actually into the structure of the vehicle and it makes you know loading the rear hatch a bit more difficult but we're assuming that's okay if you're looking for the track performance this thing delivers also giving you that performance are these Michelin Pilot Sport cup tires which are basically track oriented tires that you can drive on the street but as we wake our way to the front of the thing what really matters is what's under the hood that's right there's actually a hole in the hood of this thing and that's because this engine is so tall it's tall because it has a larger supercharger and a bunch of added cooling on it to help it you know keep at the right temperature the supercharger is way larger than the one on the zo six and it has a more cooling capacity and the downside is it's taller so it pops literally through the hood the cool thing is from the top you can actually see this shake when you're looking at it from you know a camera from the top of the vehicle this all makes for 755 horsepower making this the most powerful Corvette ever now what's important about that is this not just the power but likewise everything in the car has to be built to accommodate and be able to drive to the level of speed this thing can develop that's why you had the massive cooling so I had the aerodynamics and that's why I had the electronic sophistication inside [Applause] we had a lot of time to take this car on the track yesterday and I've had the night to think about things Matt today two crews on the road and see how this extreme performance machine deals with the sort of more civil minded stuff of street driving the track impressions remain this thing is unquestionably one of the most capable cars you can get from a dealer these days a lot of that's besides the point now because we're on the street we have speed limits they have the ever - present threat of law enforcement around every corner so the question is what does this car feel like in public when you slow this car down it feels like a more powerful Corvette you don't get much tram lining from these big wheels though we as the front end doesn't want to follow grooves in the pavement it is louder it is a little firmer but it's certainly livable on a day to day basis that's surprising for a vehicle of this capability normally these track oriented cars are so hardcore that you wouldn't want to drive them to the racetrack but let's face it you spend more time driving to the track than you do on the track and the fact that this thing works well in both disciplines is really impressive I can also dial everything back and cruise and not feel like I'm getting punished for driving a hardcore track machine that's a that's a really nice accomplishment that's something that you won't find in cars that are this fast and costs maybe double this much the engine in this car dominates the entire experience you can't miss the engine and the whole friend this car is sort of a shrine to it the way it pops out of the hood the way it's covered with coolers around the sides it is the experience of this car and that does make driving this thing special and also the fact that it doesn't look half bad either in fact I think it has some of the coolest looking wheels currently available on a new car this car as we mentioned this car has the track package the track package on this car gives you what they call competition bucket seats which are a little wide for my tastes but I'm you know not the widest person in the world this automatic transmission works well I mean there's so much torque again out of this engine that it can be very smooth and almost imperceptible its clunky on occasion I think I'd might opt for the manual although Chevy tells me about 80 % of its customers will go for the automatic I don't think they're gonna be disappointed and that's gonna be the faster transmission drag strip on the street - and on the racetrack man it was a little bit more satisfying to my taste though we've talked about the exhaust I have it set in the track setting let's quiet it down a little bit so you can hear the difference now I've set that separately from everything else so let's put it stealth what happened to the engine sound that's pretty that's pretty amazing man stealth is really stealth and then go back to track Wow actually a really big difference that's that's pretty great the Corvette has always been a strong value proposition and nowhere is that more evident than this zr1 giving you a nearly unbeatable track performance per dollar now the nice thing is on the road this doesn't feel like a ragged edge track machine either you could genuinely drive it every day the compromises are few and that's what makes this car so special if you like what you see keep it tuned right here and be sure to visit Edmunds.com [Music]

The floating setup also helps eliminate the chances of the discs becoming warped under extended use as the disc is literally floating, meaning it can expand and contract freely as surface temperatures change.

Horta has the typical humid subtropical climate associated with the Azores, with significant oceanic influences, due to the August mean temperature just being above the 22 °C (72 °F) isotherm separating the classifications under the Köppen system.

Therefore, IMHO, it would be closer to the truth to call WUWT a «skeptic» site that calls into question exactly how much the mean temperature has increased since the advent of the thermometer record in the late 1880's, how much of that is due to human activities and how much to natural cycles not under our control, what dangers rising temperatures may pose to human life and civilization, and what technologically and politically doable actions may be taken to reduce human - caused warming, and our dependence on foreign sources of fossil energy.

Under these conditions, low - level cloud cover and its reflection of solar radiation increase, despite an increase in global mean surface temperature.

Joe cites to a very recent article that re-estimates global mean temperature in two ways that might offset some of the bias for under - sampling the arctic in one existing global data set.

All of the radiosonde data are measuring the tropospheric temperature trend under the same noisy (i.e., weather) conditions, so we can usefully calculate the overall mean AND standard deviation of the means.

Lou Grinzo (12)-- I am under the impression that HadCRUTv3 uses air temperatures on land and sea surface temperatures in the oceans to produce their global mean.

Once again under the widening impact of this full hour of extra solar radiation, global mean surface temperatures began to warm.

The extreme heat and related climate disturbances mean that delegates to a global climate conference scheduled for Paris in early December will almost certainly be convening as weather - related disasters are unfolding around the world, putting them under greater political pressure to reach an ambitious deal to limit future emissions and slow the temperature increase.

The results for such a test on monthly absolute minimum / maximum temperatures in the Nordic countries and monthly mean temperatures worldwide are inconsistent with what we would see under a stable climate.

Re 392 Chris Dudley — I don't understand what you mean by R ^ 2T ^ 4 — and there should be something about how optical depth is proportional to R, and also, if you're going a significant distance toward the center of such an object, there is the issue of spherical geometry; if the optical thickness is large enough across small changes in radius, then you don't need to account for the spherical geometry in the calculation of the flux per unit area as a function of the temperature profile and optical thickness; however, the flux per unit area outward will drop as an inverse square, except of course within the layers that are being heated through a different process (SW heating for a planet, radioactivity, latent and sensible heat loss associated with a cooling interior, gravitational potential energy conversion to enthalpy via compression (adiabatic warming) and settling of denser material under gravity (the later both leads to compression via increased pressure via increased gravity within the interior, and also is a source of kinetic energy which can be converted to heat)...

global warming is still under way despite the recent pause / plateau / hiatus / slowdown / standstill (choose one) in the planet's mean temperature.

Under most scenarios of late 20th century and future anthropogenic radiative forcing, a steady, rather than accelerating, rise in global and hemispheric mean temperature is predicted over timescales of decades.

3) Under the assumption of radiative equilibrium, it can be shown that the surface temperature of a planet would slightly and non linearily increase with the concentration of IR active gases (primarily H2O) if and only if radiation was the only mean for energy transfer.

Original Legend: «Figure 1 Evolution of uncertainties in reconstructed global - mean temperature projections under SRES A1B in the HadCM3L ensemble.»

The FAR used simple global climate models to estimate changes in the global mean surface air temperature under various CO2 emissions scenarios.

The mean high temperature projections for 2050 and 2100 were derived from a suite of 28 climate models (CMIP5 / Oak Ridge National Laboratory) under IPCC emissions scenario RCP8.5, averaged over November 22 - 28 for 2030 - 2049 and 2080 - 2099, respectively.»

Using 1860 to 2005 as the historical period, this index has a global mean of 2069 (± 18 years s.d.) for near - surface air temperature under an emissions stabilization scenario and 2047 (± 14 years s.d.) under a «business - as - usual» scenario.

Switching mean winter with minimum January temperature displayed null presence probability below − 9 °C (roughly corresponding to − 2 °C mean winter temperature), close to the thresholds identified under laboratory conditions.

I think I might be responsible for that abuse of jargon; just meant to convey that the macrostate (globally averaged temperature) has a whole bunch of equi - probable (or as close as makes little difference given how under - constrained by measurement the system is) microstates (spatial distributions of temperature).

By the middle of the century, climate models indicate that global mean temperature would likely be about 0.5 - 1.6 degrees F warmer than today under the Paris Path, but 1.6 - 3.1 degrees F warmer under the Trump Trajectory.

Average summer (June to August) temperatures were far above the long - term mean by up to five standard deviations (Figure 12.4), implying that this was an extremely unlikely event under current climatic conditions (Schär and Jendritzky, 2004).

While ECS is the equilibrium global mean temperature change that eventually results from atmospheric CO2 doubling, the smaller TCR refers to the global mean temperature change that is realised at the time of CO2 doubling under an idealised scenario in which CO2 concentrations increase by 1 % yr — 1 (Cubasch et al., 2001; see also Section 8.6.2.1).

«But failing to debate it could mean that by 2020, international policy is premised on an unrealistic target, further undermining its credibility and under - preparing the world for the challenge of adapting to higher temperatures.»

It is also clear that temperatures change more than expected due to the 11 year solar cycle, which means sensitivty to solar changes must be under - stated.

Under the scale of risk used by IPCC, the words «very unlikely» mean there is just a one to 10 per cent chance of limiting the global temperature rise to two degrees centigrade or less.

These simulations allow us to assess the chances of breaking the existing records for October mean maximum temperature for the whole of Australia, for Victoria and for Melbourne under the current El Niño conditions.

I had heretofore been operating under the assumption that temperature is a measure of mean translational kinetic energy.

Thermal equilibrium doesn't mean the same temperature, if for example, a gas in getting hotter expands and rises becoming less dense and under less pressure it can move faster, it's using thermal energy to move, there's no energy lost, it's just become something else, or, as temperature relates to kinetic energy not thermal energy then heat capacity comes into play, as water can absorb a huge amount of thermal energy before there's any rise in temperature, or whatever, but if you're equating all «energy» to «heat» as thermal energy then that's a different idea altogether, not all energy is heat.

BC17 derive a relationship in current generation (CMIP5) global climate models between predictors consisting of three basic aspects of each of these simulated fluxes in the recent past, and simulated increases in global mean surface temperature (GMST) under IPCC scenarios (ΔT).

A report, «Assessment of Knowledge on Impacts of Climate Change,» prepared by the Potsdam Institute to examine the meaning of «dangerous» climate change under the UNFCCC supported the 2 °C danger limit after a rigorous analysis of climate change impacts at various temperatures concluding:

In other words, under solar or anthropogenic influence the changes in mean climate values, such as the global temperature, are less important than increased duration of certain climate patterns associated say with cold conditions in some regions and warm conditions in the other regions

Importantly, these trends can largely be explained by increases in mean ocean temperatures, suggesting that we can expect further increases in marine heatwave days under continued global warming.»

e project that within the next two decades, half of the world's population will regularly (every second summer on average) experience regional summer mean temperatures that exceed those of the historically hottest summer, even under the moderate RCP4.5 emissions pathway.

These figures illustrate the way the probability distribution of future global mean temperature change under a high - emissions scenario is linked to different potential changes in temperature and precipitation at a county - level.