Sentences with phrase «measure of socioeconomic status»

Initially each variable of interest was included in a separate model controlling for age, sex, ACCHS, carer's employment status (as a measure of socioeconomic status) and clustering by family ID.

This is clear in a project called the Schools of Opportunity, launched a few years ago by educators who sought to highlight public high schools that actively seek to close opportunity gaps through research - proven practices and not standardized test scores (which are more a measure of socioeconomic status than anything else).

The most important of these characteristics is a composite measure of socioeconomic status developed by the survey's researchers.

Two studies previously indicating negative selection drop from the review because they don't explicitly examine a measure of socioeconomic status.

The study also found that parents» education — one common measure of socioeconomic status — is related to children's performance on tasks of working memory, and that neighborhood characteristics — another common measure of socioeconomic status — are not.

Five measures of socioeconomic status were assessed: age completing full time education, degree level education, job class, annual household income, and Townsend deprivation index (a recognised social deprivation score).

To look at the rate of change in working memory in relation to different measures of socioeconomic status, the researchers studied more than three hundred 10 - through 13 - year - olds from urban public and parochial schools over four years.

Measures of socioeconomic status included poverty - income ratio, a ratio of self - reported income relative to the poverty line, and attained education level.

Simply put, just because a 22.7 percent spending increase is large enough to eliminate the average outcome differences between the poor and non-poor it does not mean that a 22.7 percent spending increase is large enough to eliminate the difference in outcome between the very poor and the very wealthy or differences across other measures of socioeconomic status.

Although the measures of socioeconomic status in NAPLAN are different from those collected for PISA, the overall results are highly consistent with Jo's quote from the OECD report.

In June 2015, this working group published a report, «Forum Guide to Alternative Measures of Socioeconomic Status in Education Data Systems,» available at: https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2015/2015158.pdf.

However, a number of studies have found that the relationship between student outcomes and the socioeconomic composition of schools is strong even after controlling for some of these factors, using more nuanced measures of socioeconomic status, or comparing outcomes for students randomly assigned to schools (Reid, 2012; Schwartz, 2012).

Predictors included one - time measures of socioeconomic status, parental antisocial behavior, and time - varying measures of parental transitions, parental monitoring, deviant peer association, and the boys» antisocial / delinquent behavior, substance use, physical maturation, academic achievement, and anxiety.

Socioeconomic status was measured with a 6 - point scale that places each occupation into1 of 6 categories based on the educational level and income associated with that occupation in the data from the New Zealand census.36 Measures of socioeconomic status were averaged from birth to age 9 years (α =.79).

Not exact matches

The study, published online recently in the American Journal of Human Biology, is the first to measure cortisol in infants and relate it directly to the socioeconomic status of their mothers during pregnancy.

The risk of developing 22 of the most common cancers, which represent 90 % of the cancers diagnosed in the UK, was measured according to BMI after adjusting for individual factors such as age, sex, smoking status, and socioeconomic status.

The researchers also measured socioeconomic status looking at median household income, the percentage of individuals living below the poverty level, and whether or not they had a high school education.

«The findings should be interpreted with caution given that childhood socioeconomic status is notoriously difficult to measure for a number of reasons, including recall bias, but other studies have shown that childhood socioeconomic status can have a critical impact on adult health independent of adult socioeconomic status.

«However, we also think that traditional measures of childhood socioeconomic status may not accurately reflect the childhood social environments of African Americans, which is quite different from that of U.S. whites because of the history of racial discrimination and segregation.

Kraus's team tested the auditory abilities of teenagers aged 14 or 15, grouped by socioeconomic status (as indexed by their mother's level of education, a commonly used surrogate measure).

Inequality in access goes far beyond socioeconomic status, and reliable measures would incorporate a more granular understanding of what limits educational opportunities.

If the socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics of the classrooms taught by National Board teachers differ from those of noncertified teachers, measures of teacher quality that rely on student performance may be biased.

He concedes, however, that his own research shows that race, gender, and socioeconomic status have little effect on value - added measures of teacher effectiveness.

Because the administrative files provide only a very coarse measure of family socioeconomic status — eligibility for the federal free or reduced - price lunch program — we constructed an additional proxy for family income by matching each student's residential address to U.S. Census data on the median household income in the student's neighborhood.

A study from the Consortium of Policy Research in Education (CPRE) of Philadelphia schools after the reform found that schools using positive rather than punitive disciplinary measures had more faculty cohesion, better teacher morale, and served higher socioeconomic status students than schools not complying with the reform.

Not surprisingly, parent socioeconomic status is strongly predictive of student test scores, and, looking at simple correlations, we find that less - advantaged students do tend to be assigned to teachers with lower VA measures.

The components of the socioeconomic status measure are parents» level of education, parents» occupational status, and household income.

Completion of more - advanced math courses increased the predicted probability of college graduation even when the authors controlled for demographic traits, socioeconomic status, family and school characteristics, and overall measures of math ability (i.e., math GPA and grade 10 math test score).

Analysis of these rich curriculum data, along with our more curriculum - sensitive measures of student achievement, revealed that the mathematics content teachers covered in their classrooms was significantly related to their students» performance even when researchers adjusted this relationship for student background factors (ethnicity, parent education level, socioeconomic status, and so on).

A picture of achievement: Socioeconomic status, dialect use, and standard measures of language sampling.

Accountability should be enforced where the necessary resources are provided and the tools used to measure success or failure are well developed, appropriate to the task, and used to inform instructional decisions.School Choice School choice is appropriate within the public school system as long as equal opportunity and access are ensured without discrimination on the basis of race, gender, socioeconomic status, or disability.

There's a strong correlation between lower socioeconomic status and lower test scores, so critics say the rankings are more a measure of poverty than anything else, and that test scores alone fail to tell the whole story of what's happening in a given school building.

Despite these successes, Reville could not shake an uncomfortable truth: the overall achievements of Massachusetts students masked large gaps on every measure of performance that correlated strongly with socioeconomic status, race / ethnicity, disability, and English language learner status.

The authors also reported a reduction in teenage parenthood and increases in neighborhood socioeconomic status (as measured by the fraction of neighbors with a college education) and savings (as indicated by having a 401k retirement account).

[16] The reason is that although value - added models may include measures of peer composition such as average prior ability or average family socioeconomic status, the value - added of the teacher or school is unobserved.

Socioeconomic status was measured using the Hollingshead Two Factor Index of Social Position.

Similar research needs to be conducted with more various families (other race, with a lower level of education and / or lower socioeconomic status, etc.) to assess whether the QPCCE is a widely applicable measure.

We also could not control for or analyze socioeconomic factors in the present analyses due to the absence of measures of familial socioeconomic status; however, the National American Indian Adolescent Health Survey is the largest and most comprehensive database available on rural, reservation - based American Indian and Alaska Native youth, and there is little reason to believe that a representative sample of school - based, rural American Indian adolescents would yield findings substantially different from those presented here.18

Indeed, Jay Belsky incorporated all of these risk factors into his process model of parenting, 11 and data from multiple studies support links to child well - being.12 In an experiment on the effectiveness of a program for low - birth - weight infants, Lawrence Berger and Jeanne Brooks - Gunn examined the relative effect of both socioeconomic status and parenting on child abuse and neglect (as measured by ratings of health providers who saw children in the treatment and control groups six times over the first three years of life, not by review of administrative data) and found that both factors contributed significantly and uniquely to the likelihood that a family was perceived to engage in some form of child maltreatment.13 The link between parenting behaviors and child maltreatment suggests that interventions that promote positive parenting behaviors would also contribute to lower rates of child maltreatment among families served.

Association of socioeconomic status measured by education, and cardiovascular health: a population - based cross-sectional study

The groups did not differ on residential stability as measured by mean number of years living in Seattle by age 12 years and by the mean number of residences in which participants lived from age 5 to 14 years; socioeconomic status, as measured by years of parental education or proportion eligible for the school lunch program; proportion from single - parent families; proportion of boys; or proportion of whites or nonwhites.

The five comparison communities were selected to be similar to CfC sites in location (the same states and territories as the CfC sites) and in socioeconomic status of the local area (as measured by the socioeconomic index for areas, CfC site mean 941.58, 95 % CI 916.34 to 966.82, comparison site mean 970.11, 95 % CI 920.15 to 1020.06; p = 0.29).

The relationship between depressive symptoms and step count has only been assessed in specific populations with small sample sizes, such as low - socioeconomic status Latino immigrants, 16 elderly Japanese people17 or patients with chronic conditions such as heart failure18 19 or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.20 21 Studies yield contradictory results, with some observing no association between depressive symptoms and daily step count, 19 21 while others report a negative correlation.16 — 18 20 In one cross-sectional sample of healthy older adults, an inverse association between depressive symptoms (using the Goldberg Depression Scale - 15) and accelerometer measured daily step count disappeared after controlling for general health and disability.22 While a systematic review suggests reduced levels of objectively measured PA in patients with depression, 23 it is not known whether this association is present in those at high risk of CVD and taken into account important confounding such as gender and age.

Although the current dataset collected little demographic data on individual cases, information from the practices showed a very high percentage of suburban practices in the current sample, suggesting the possibility that the overall socioeconomic status of these subjects might be much higher than it was in the original PSC - 17 sample.1 As noted in previous studies with the PSC43 and other measures, 9,13,44,45 the rate of positive screening, especially for externalizing problems, is usually higher in lower — socioeconomic status populations.

The study was designed to measure personality traits of extraversion and neuroticism among the twin pairs, traits of impulsivity and monotony avoidance, and family environment and socioeconomic status.

Limitations include possible expectancy bias on the self - report measures, lack of assessment immediately post-intervention, small sample size and generalizable to lower socioeconomic status or more culturally diverse populations.

Race / Ethnicity Caucasian Hispanic African American Asian American Native American Other races not listed N / A Socioeconomic status < $ 10,000 $ 10,000 - $ 20,000 $ 20,000 - $ 30,000 $ 30,000 - $ 40,000 $ 40,000 - $ 50,000 $ 50,000 - $ 60,000 $ 60,000 - $ 70,000 > $ 70,000 Education level High school diploma Vocational training Some college Bachelor's degree Graduate / professional training Doctoral degree Marital status Measures The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study Questionnaire (ACEs Questionnaire; Felitti et al., 1998) assessed mothers» exposure to seven dimensions of ACEs, including psychological, physical, and sexual abuse and exposure to parental substance abuse, mental illness, domestic violence, and criminal behavior.

The most apparent is that single measures of absolute concentrations of salivary cortisol, for most health - related variables, seldom give significant findings; deviation measures, in terms of diurnal deviations and / or laboratory stress tests seem to be more strongly and consistently associated with a number of factors, such as Socioeconomic Status (SES), psychological characteristics, biological variables in terms of overweight and abdominal fat accumulation, and mental and somatic disease.

Socioeconomic status measured by a revised version of the Hollingshead Index of Social Position (LaGasse et.al., 1999).

In Switzerland, where we conducted the study, most fathers in middle to high socioeconomic status families work full time — or close to full time — whereas the mothers at 3 months postpartum are mostly still on maternity leave, which may explain why a father's depressive state is less closely related to family functioning than is that of the mother in the first months, especially in cases of a mild or moderate depressive state, as we were able to measure in the present low - risk sample.