But if we all agree that it's insane to
measure teachers based on test scores alone, why should we keep doing that for schools?
Not exact matches
The outcomes were
measured by a global hyperactivity aggregate (GHA),
scores based on parent and
teacher observations, and for 8 and 9 year olds, a computerized attention
test.
Teachers wouldn't be evaluated
based on their students» standardized
test scores any longer under a
measure approved by the New York State Assembly.
Teachers wouldn't be evaluated
based on their students» standardized
test scores any longer under a
measure approved by the New York state Assembly.
Whatever the parties negotiate or King decides, the evaluation system will be
based 20 percent
on standardized
test scores when applicable, 20 percent
on other evidence of student learning and 60 percent
on classroom observation and other
measures of
teacher effectiveness, in keeping with the 2010 state law
on teacher evaluation.
It would seem that the ongoing discussions about «
teacher effectiveness» and the creation of evaluation systems focused
on measuring a
teacher's capacity (increasingly
based on test scores) often do very little to actually develop that capacity.
But, as numerous studies have shown, having a master's degree is generally not correlated with
measures of
teacher effectiveness,
based on student
test scores.
My colleague Katharine Lindquist and I used statewide data from North Carolina to simulate the impact of opt - out
on test -
score -
based measures of
teacher performance.
After extensive research
on teacher evaluation procedures, the
Measures of Effective Teaching Project mentions three different measures to provide teachers with feedback for growth: (1) classroom observations by peer - colleagues using validated scales such as the Framework for Teaching or the Classroom Assessment Scoring System, further described in Gathering Feedback for Teaching (PDF) and Learning About Teaching (PDF), (2) student evaluations using the Tripod survey developed by Ron Ferguson from Harvard, which measures students» perceptions of teachers» ability to care, control, clarify, challenge, captivate, confer, and consolidate, and (3) growth in student learning based on standardized test scores over multipl
Measures of Effective Teaching Project mentions three different
measures to provide teachers with feedback for growth: (1) classroom observations by peer - colleagues using validated scales such as the Framework for Teaching or the Classroom Assessment Scoring System, further described in Gathering Feedback for Teaching (PDF) and Learning About Teaching (PDF), (2) student evaluations using the Tripod survey developed by Ron Ferguson from Harvard, which measures students» perceptions of teachers» ability to care, control, clarify, challenge, captivate, confer, and consolidate, and (3) growth in student learning based on standardized test scores over multipl
measures to provide
teachers with feedback for growth: (1) classroom observations by peer - colleagues using validated scales such as the Framework for Teaching or the Classroom Assessment
Scoring System, further described in Gathering Feedback for Teaching (PDF) and Learning About Teaching (PDF), (2) student evaluations using the Tripod survey developed by Ron Ferguson from Harvard, which
measures students» perceptions of teachers» ability to care, control, clarify, challenge, captivate, confer, and consolidate, and (3) growth in student learning based on standardized test scores over multipl
measures students» perceptions of
teachers» ability to care, control, clarify, challenge, captivate, confer, and consolidate, and (3) growth in student learning
based on standardized
test scores over multiple years.
In response to the criticism that
teacher impacts
on student
test scores are inconsistent over time, the authors show that «although VA
measures fluctuate across years, they are sufficiently stable» that selecting
teachers even
based on a few years of data would have substantial impacts
on student outcomes, such as earnings.
This component makes up 50 and 75 percent of the overall evaluation
scores in the districts we studied, and much less is known about observation -
based measures of
teacher performance than about value - added
measures based on test scores.
Tilles raises legitimate concerns about the use of these
tests — the quality of the
tests, their snapshot nature, the unintended consequences of their being high stakes — but seems to forget that 20 % of the
teacher score comes from «locally - selected
measures of student achievement» and that 60 % of evaluation is
based on «other
measures.»
While this approach contrasts starkly with status quo «principal walk - through» styles of class observation, its use is
on the rise in new and proposed evaluation systems in which rigorous classroom observation is often combined with other
measures, such as
teacher value - added
based on student
test scores.
In February 2012, the New York Times took the unusual step of publishing performance ratings for nearly 18,000 New York City
teachers based on their students»
test -
score gains, commonly called value - added (VA)
measures.
«The MET findings reinforce the importance of evaluating
teachers based on a balance of multiple
measures of teaching effectiveness, in contrast to the limitations of focusing
on student
test scores, value - added
scores or any other single
measure,» Weingarten said.
TALLAHASSEE, Fla (Reuters)- Following weeks of debate and national attention, Florida Governor Rick Scott
on Thursday signed into law a
measure that will end tenure for new public school
teachers and
base pay more directly
on student
test scores.
Michael Soskil: We need a shift in focus from accountability
measures based on standardized
test scores toward metrics that take into account universal access to quality
teachers and learning environments, robust curricula that include the arts, as well as student engagement and well - being.
Faced with these challenges, the administration has relaxed its aggressive timetables for states to begin evaluating all
teachers based on objective
measures of student learning, such as standardized
test scores.
Secretary Duncan has approved waivers of key provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act for 39 states and the District of Columbia that agreed, among other conditions, to
measure teacher performance
based on student
test scores.
But here's my takeaway from the report, entitled «Error Rates in
Measuring Teacher and School Performance
Based on Student
Test Score Gains:»
Moreover, the two premises represent a tautology — student
test score growth is the most important
measure, and we have to choose other
teacher evaluation
measures based on their correlation with student
test score growth because student
test score growth is the most important
measure... This point, by the way, has already been made about the Gates study, as well as about seniority -
based layoffs and about
test -
based policies in general.
Obama and the Gates Foundation share some goals that not everyone embraces: paying
teachers based on student
test scores, among other
measures of achievement; charter schools that operate independently of local school boards; and a set of common academic standards adopted by every state.
In addition, the U.S. Department of Education strongly pressured states to adopt controversial policies expanding charter schools and
measuring teacher effectiveness
on the
basis of student
test scores.
And next to each named
teacher is a «value added
measure,» a figure that's supposed to represent how effective he is
based on how much his students» reading and math
test scores surpassed what you would expect them to be.
If passed, this will take what was the state's
teacher evaluation system requirement that 20 % of an educator's evaluation be
based on «locally selected
measures of achievement,» to a system whereas
teachers» value - added as
based on growth
on the state's (Common Core) standardized
test scores will be set at 50 %.
What reformers should do is develop the tools that can allow families to make school overhauls successful; this includes building comprehensive school data systems that can be used in
measuring success, and continuing to advance
teacher quality reforms (including comprehensive
teacher and principal evaluations
based mostly
on value - added analysis of student
test score growth data, a subject of this week's Dropout Nation Podcast) that can allow school operators of all types to select high - quality talents.
Spurred
on by these facts, by public pressure, and by the incentives offered by federally funded programs, states and districts are developing ways to
measure the value that a
teacher adds to her students» learning
based on changes in their annual
test scores.
Other differences come from the
tests on which the value - added
measures are
based; because
test scores are not perfectly accurate
measures of student knowledge, it follows that they are not perfectly accurate gauges of
teacher performance.
* VAMs are generally
based on standardized
test scores and do not directly
measure potential
teacher contributions toward other student outcomes.
Initial findings from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's
Measure of Effective Teaching (MET) study indicate that
teachers» value - added histories — composite
measures based on student
test scores and
teachers» perceived ability to present challenging material — are strong indicators of future classroom performance.
Currently, a number of states either are adopting or have adopted new or revamped
teacher evaluation systems, which are
based in part
on data from student
test scores in the form of value - added
measures (VAM).
The expected gain model does not take other factors like attendance or poverty into account, and only
measures the percentage of a
teacher's students who meet or surpass their expected growth
scores, which are
based on beginning - of - year
tests.
That
measure, called Academic Growth Over Time, uses a mathematical formula to estimate how much a
teacher helps students» performance,
based on state
test scores and controlling for such outside factors as income and race.
Teachers received
scores based on students» actual
test results
measured against the predictions.
Although the use of
test scores remains the most controversial piece of the evaluations, it remains to be seen how the main portion of the evaluations, which are
based on intensive, time - consuming qualitative
measures of a
teacher's performance, will affect schools and classrooms.
Colorado's law will hold
teachers accountable for whether their students are learning, with 50 % of a
teacher's evaluation
based on students» academic growth as
measured partially by
test scores.
«
Teachers should never be evaluated
on the
basis of a single consideration, such as
test scores, much less a single
score from a single
test, but rather
on the
basis of multiple
measures that include both learning outcomes and effective practices, with approximately 50 percent associated with each.»
WHEREAS, the new evaluation system
based on NYS Education Law 3012c disproportionately weights the use of high stakes
test scores over qualitative assessments as «
Measures of Student Learning (MOSL)» in determining
teacher performance, leading to a proliferation of Common Core - aligned
tests with devastating consequences for teaching and learning conditions in our schools, and
For the randomization, researchers in 2009 - 10 generated estimates of
teachers» performance
based on composite
measures using data from the surveys, prior
test scores, and observation
scores.
For example, it is impossible to
measure a music
teacher or an art
teacher based upon student
test scores on music and art.
Researchers examined the relationship of each
measure to students»
scores on state standardized
tests; to their
scores on a more complex, project -
based series of tasks; and to their perceptions of their
teachers» instructional strengths and weaknesses.
«The MET findings reinforce the importance of evaluating
teachers based on a balance of multiple
measures of teaching effectiveness, in contrast to the limitations of focusing
on student
test scores, value - added
scores, or any other single
measure,» AFT President Randi Weingarten said in a statement.
While value - added models
based on student
test scores are problematic for making evaluation decisions for individual
teachers, they are useful for looking at groups of
teachers for research purposes — for example, to examine how specific teaching practices or
measures of teaching influence the learning of large numbers of students.
More importantly, observations are inherently biased because they are
based on subjective determinations by school leaders and others who are prone to think that their approach to teaching is superior to anyone else's (even if
teachers being evaluated have demonstrated that they improve student achievement as
measured by
test score growth).
Moreover, a new statement by the American Statistical Association reminds us that ranking
teachers based on test scores does not even work for
measuring their effect
on cognitive skills.
The bill would not require states to evaluate
teachers or
measure them
based on student
test scores.
Regardless, and assuming that Barnum's original misinterpretation was correct, I think how Katharine Strunk put it is likely more representative of the group of researchers
on this topic as a whole as
based on the research: «I think the research suggests that we need multiple
measures —
test scores [depending
on the extent to which evidence supports low - and more importantly high - stakes use], observations, and others — to rigorously and fairly evaluate
teachers.»
Teacher groups say test scores are a limited measure of a teacher's work and research has called into the question the validity of teacher assessments based on student test
Teacher groups say
test scores are a limited
measure of a
teacher's work and research has called into the question the validity of teacher assessments based on student test
teacher's work and research has called into the question the validity of
teacher assessments based on student test
teacher assessments
based on student
test scores.
Proponents argue that using student
scores on curriculum -
based tests as a
measure of school effectiveness encourages
teachers to teach the curriculum.
While the ASA «standards for reliability and validity» pertaining to standardized
testing are not real, the amendment may have been referring to a 2014 statement from the ASA regarding value - added
measures, a method for evaluating
teachers based on their impact
on student
test scores.