Sentences with phrase «measure total emissions»

A variety of scientific methods are being used across the various studies, including approaches that measure emissions directly at the source and those that use airplanes or towers equipped with sensors to measure total emissions in a given area.

A while ago, Gavin Schmidt pointed out that to really measure the total emission from the Earth required a second DSCOVR on the other side at L2.

Not exact matches

In fact, absent new measures Environment Canada's 2014 emissions trends report projected that oil sands emissions would drive increased emissions from the oil and gas sector of 45 Mt CO2e (to a total of 204 MtCO2e) between 2005 and 2020, offsetting the emission reductions made in other sectors.

He then measured the total direct emissions associated with the making of a product; for example, the amount of coal burned to generate a kilowatt of electricity and how much carbon dioxide was released in the process.

«Right now, total pollution emissions have exceeded environmental capacity,» he told a news conference on new smog emergency measures in the capital.

The paper joins other academic research focused on the social cost of carbon, a measure used in climate regulations that estimates the total cost of future damage from additional carbon emissions.

The emission control strategy of the new CGI engine is based both on in - engine measures to deliver low engine - out emissions and on effective exhaust gas aftertreatment by a total of four catalytic converters.

Where would you put the UK if you measured its cumulative emissions over the last hundred years, total or per capita?

Total CO2 emissions in the US have steadily increased ever since we began measuring them — and all the current administration is willing to do is say their should be voluntary programs to reduce CO2 per dollar of GDP (not per capita, not total emissiTotal CO2 emissions in the US have steadily increased ever since we began measuring them — and all the current administration is willing to do is say their should be voluntary programs to reduce CO2 per dollar of GDP (not per capita, not total emissitotal emissions).

«The three day emissions from Fukushima of Iodine - 131 would be about 20 % of the total Chernobyl emissions, while those of Cesium - 137 would be between 20 and 60 % of the total Chernobyl emissions, depending whether one believes in the different Iodine to Caesium ratio measured in Japan.»

About emissions and temperature as drivers in ice cores, here are two graphs comparing total emissions with total CO2 increase and temperature with total CO2 increase, as measured in ice cores (Law Dome and others) 1900 - 1959: and

First, the original emission rates of SO2 and H2SO4 (3 % of total anthropogenic SO2 emitted) in the model (including emissions, boundary conditions, and initial conditions) were decreased by a factor of 4 compared with the 2005 base case to be consistent with the decrease in measured ambient SO2 concentrations since 2005 (SI Appendix, section 1 and Fig.

We created a Lorenz curve to represent the variation of GHG emissions among countries using the CAIT dataset, and calculated the Gini index to measure inequity in GHG emissions among countries, and the Robin hood index to measure how much of the total global emissions would have to be redistributed to achieve equity among countries (see Supplementary Fig.

3) Because the share of anthropogenic CO2 emissions on the total increase of CO2 content in atmosphere is minimal i.e. insignificant, only political measure can be learnig to adapt ourselves to any one of natural climate events.

No greater than 72 gigawatts of total cumulative generating capacity (including industrial applications, measured by such equivalent metric as the Administrator may designate) may receive emission allowances under this section.

If you add that to the emissions, then the measured increase in the atmosphere is about 45 % of the total emissions (fossil fuels + land use changes), while without land use changes the increase is about 55 % of the emissions (fossil fuels only).

This highlights how crucial it is to measure both types of CH4 emission in order to estimate the total flux from reservoir surface waters.

This post reviews the Cancun outcome through an ethical lens in light of the overall responsibility of those nations that are exceeding their fair share of safe global emissions in regard to their duties: (a) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to levels necessary to prevent harm to others, (b) to reduce greenhouse gas emission to levels consistent with what is each nation's fair share of total global emissions, and (c) to provide financing for adaptation measures and other necessary responses to climate change harms for those who are most vulnerable and least responsible for climate change.

In terms of how I got the numbers, I integrated the rate of anthropogenic CO2 emission to measure the total CO2 emitted versus time, then compared it to the % change in concentration level.

The modeling indicates that, even absent the mitigating allocation measures, total annual emission leakage to unregulated countries associated with a cap - and - trade program & rsquo; s impacts on the international competitiveness of domestic & ldquo; trade - vulnerable & rdquo; industries is likely to be only on the order of 10 MMTCO2e.

This commonsense reform would recognize that the hourly rates of emissions — a hallmark measure of efficiency improvement — is the relevant NSR test, as opposed to the annual emissions total that is far less relevant to the technological performance of the equipment.

(3) If we consider a pessimal scenario and an optimal scenario w.r.t. anthropogenic CO2 emission (measured in CO2 / year), isn't the main difference between these scenarios the amount of time it will take to release all carbon bound in fossil fuels, rather than the total amount of carbon released (e.g., we'll burn through all oil and gas in 200 years vs 100 years)?

Likewise, unless clean energy supplies come online in large measures, slowing demand growth will not reduce total emissions to needed levels.

Determined to protect the ozone layer by taking precautionary measures to control equitably total global emissions of substances that deplete it, with the ultimate objective of their elimination on the basis of developments in scientific knowledge, taking into account technical and economic considerations and bearing in mind the developmental needs of developing countries,

Using methane's 20 - year GWP — a measure of the short - term climate impact of different GHGs — increases the share of oil and gas methane to over 8 % of global GHG (with emissions of 5,650 Mt CO2e), the equivalent of about 40 % of total CO2 emissions from global coal combustion in 2012.

Total emissions by six heat - trapping gases in 2005 were more than 36 thousand million tonnes (36 gigatonnes) as measured in CO2, according to the WRI index.

These two principles result in different totals when measuring, for example, electricity importation from one country to another, or emissions at an international airport.

In its report the IPCC emphasises the futility of subsidies for renewable energy parallel to an emissions trading system: «The addition of a CO2 reduction policy to a second policy does not necessarily lead to greater CO2 reductions,» it says in a literal translation of the IPCC's Technical Summary: «In an emissions trading scheme with a sufficiently stringent cap other measures such as subsidising renewable energy have no further influence on total CO2 emissions.»

Now, regardless of the error margins on the measure of this large flux, even if they are substantially larger than total anthropogenic emissions, we KNOW that the fluxes were in balance before.