Sentences with phrase «measured by carbon dioxide»

Eco-minded criminals might want to take note: The environmental impact of crime, as measured by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, is surprisingly high.

Not exact matches

The upgrade — funded by the National Science Foundation — will enable researchers to take core microclimate measurements and precise wind measurements as well as measure carbon dioxide (CO2) differences up through the rainforest's canopy.

The request also calls for cuts in international climate programs such as SilvaCarbon, a forest assistance program supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Forest Service, and they are all links in a chain that is working toward providing effective measures of human - caused carbon dioxide emissions.

Variations in the thickness of the layers is determined by a combination of the amount of water seeping into the cave and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cave's atmosphere so, when conditions are right, they can provide a measure of how the amount of precipitation above the cave varies over time.

Vertical carbon fluxes involve the amount of carbon going from the ground into the atmosphere or from the atmosphere into the ecosystem and will be estimated by measuring fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), two important greenhouse gases.

They've been hampered by limited carbon dioxide measurements in cornfields, by the fact that annual carbon losses are comparatively small and difficult to measure, and the lack of a proven model to estimate carbon dioxide emissions that could be coupled with a geospatial analysis.

The researchers used a room calorimeter, a 25m3 furnished chamber that measures movement, oxygen, carbon dioxide, temperature and pressure, to assess how dietary changes affected energy expenditure and the way nutrients were processed by the body.

Healthy young (18 - 31 years) and older adults (55 - 74 years) with a wide range of fitness levels walked and jogged on a treadmill while researchers assessed their cardiorespiratory fitness by measuring the ratio of inhaled and exhaled oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Researchers can measure carbon sinks either by tracking carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere or by taking inventory of trees in the forests.

The researchers demonstrated the potential of this technique by using it to measure the presence and concentration of carbon dioxide in samples of air.

By manipulating the acidity of the Biosphere 2 ocean and measuring the resulting growth rates in coral between 1996 and 2003, Langdon proved that ocean acidification from rising atmospheric carbon dioxide would radically affect calcium carbonate — shelled marine life (pdf).

The OCO would have helped scientists monitor global warming by measuring how much carbon dioxide was in a given part of the atmosphere and where it was being absorbed.

The loss was determined by measuring the carbon dioxide the moths were breathing out.

Together, these measures could reduce emissions from energy use by about 3.1 gigatons of carbon - dioxide equivalent by 2020, the authors argue.

That year the U.S. released 7.40 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e), a measure of the global warming potential of any greenhouse gas in terms of the amount of warming generated by CO2.

They first recorded basal metabolism — the minimal numbers of calories needed to stay alive — by a method known as indirect calorimetry, which measures the amount of oxygen consumed and carbon dioxide produced.

Heglund and colleagues tested the Nepalese porters by weighing their packs and measuring how much oxygen they used up and how much carbon dioxide they blew out, numbers directly related to how many calories they burn.

Researchers monitored the mice's energy expenditure by measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, and tracked the rodents» movements during the day and at night.

What's next: The team will study different techniques to separate carbon - emitting sources by taking soil samples and measuring the fluctuation of carbon dioxide.

By studying carbon dioxide in planet's atmosphere via spectroscopy and measuring its orbit and mass more precisely for the first time since its discovery some 15 years ago, the team found that the planet's atmosphere appears to be cooler higher up, contrary to what was expected.

By measuring oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide output, the percentage of sugar - and fat - burning at specific heart rates could be determined.

Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production were measured by using a respiratory chamber to assess changes in energy expenditure, respiratory quotient (RQ; CO2 produced / O2 consumed), and carbohydrate and lipid oxidation rates, respectively.

Alcantara certifies it is meeting its sustainability objectives «by measuring, reducing and off - setting all CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions deriving from the entire Alcantara production process from cradle to grave,» the company says.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

Original post On Tuesday, a simple but sobering note predicting an imminent end to measurements of carbon dioxide in air lower than 400 parts per million was posted by the group at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography that has been carefully measuring the rising concentration of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere since 1958.

Nitrous oxide and sulfur hexafluoride contain no carbon, yet emissions — measured by estimating how much carbon dioxide would exert the same climate effect — count in countries hitting or missing targets and the like.

Further to 12 and eric's response: I'm sorry if I wasn't clear enough: in the second sentence by Stefan that I quoted, «this» can only sensibly refer back to the whole of the first sentence, giving the reading That carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are increasing rapidly in the atmosphere due to human activity is a measured fact not even disputed by staunch «climate skeptics.

There are many more subtleties involved, but this essential point was almost immediately realized by John Tyndall in 1859 - 60, when he conducted a series of experiments measuring the infrared emissivity of various gases, including the two most important greenhouse gases, water vapor and carbon dioxide.

He then described Mr. Bush's chosen way of measuring progress — by tracking the amount of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (tons per dollar)-- and said the country was on track to reach Mr. Bush's goal, set in 2002, of an 18 percent drop in greenhouse «intensity» by 2012.

One of the ways that we can measure the level of carbon dioxide in earlier periods is by measuring the size of the stomata and and their number.

We can also use this infrared light to measure the amount of ash, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and other gases, by working out how strongly they scatter and absorb thermal infrared light.

Because of methane's greater greenhouse potency, the warming potential of the emissions measured during the second period greatly exceeded the potential cooling produced by the uptake of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.

In theory, the SCC measures the worldwide economic damage caused by the emission of a ton of carbon dioxide (CO2).

It then goes on to speak of how the horrible effects of air pollution can be averted by enacting measures to lower carbon dioxide emissions, which, again, is demonstrably false.

Mr. Bush set a policy that until 2012 would rely on voluntary measures by industries to slow growth in emissions of carbon dioxide and other heat - trapping gases.

Anyway that said, I came across this study when I was looking at volcanic activity around the Antarctic Peninsula, billed as a «pristine» site for measuring carbon dioxide, it is surrounded by volcanic production of carbon dioxide which can't be for all practical purposes told apart from «man made fossil fuel production».

According to a May 31, 2012 press release by the United States government agency National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at the Barrow, Alaska NOAA measuring station reached 400 parts per million during the spring of 2012.

The enhanced Greenhouse Effect we are now measuring is a human fingerprint because the source of it is the continued emission of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, produced by industrial activity.

-LSB-...] «These ARGO probes have measured the heating of the oceans caused by that 93.5 per cent of the heat energy reflected back down by the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

As discussed previously, the risks arise not from the alleged climate change fears raised by the climate alarmists but rather from their ill - founded, useless, and horrendously expensive measures to reduce human carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

«A crucial measure of our knowledge of feedbacks is climate sensitivity — that is, the warming induced by a hypothetical doubling of carbon - dioxide concentration,» he continued.

The resistance by Lincoln and her Senate colleagues undercuts President Barack Obama's effort to win passage of legislation that would cap carbon dioxide emissions and establish a market for trading pollution allowances, said Peter Molinaro, the head of government affairs for Midland, Michigan - based Dow Chemical Co., which supports the measure.

Violence got intrigued by an Earth - wide temperature boost when he took a course at Harvard University with Professor Roger Revelle, one of the first researchers to measure carbon dioxide in the climate.

In Ecological Footprint accounts, the «carbon Footprint» measures the amount of biological capacity, in global hectares, demanded by human emissions of fossil carbon dioxide.

«(ii) upon implementation, will achieve an emission limit that is at least a 50 percent reduction in emissions of the carbon dioxide produced by the emission point, measured on an annual basis, determined in accordance with section 812 (b)(2); and

By 1960, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, measured at NOAA's Mauna Loa Observatory, was about 315 parts per million.

It began as an anti-coal movement by environmentalists who roped in «scientists» like Keeling who was willing to fiddle the data by measuring his, I think his, invention the mythical «pristine well - mixed background» from the top of the world's largest active volcano surrounded by active volcanoes producing loads of carbon dioxide indistinguishable from man made from fossil fuels.

By far the best match was to the record of atmospheric carbon dioxide, measured from atmospheric samples and air trapped in polar ice.

Simply put, the CF is the amount of GHG produced by a person or an organization measured in units of carbon dioxide.

The EPA is on the verge of finalizing regulations that would limit carbon dioxide emissions from power plants by forcing states to adopt measures to cut emissions from the energy sector.