For some career success is
measured by income, for others it may be title or the overall impact made by their work.
In addition, I - 1631 requires that 35 % of all funds provide «direct and meaningful» benefits to «pollution and health action areas» — regions where residents face a significant cumulative environmental health impact as
measured by income, pollution and other challenges.
Eligibility to set - up an account is not
measured by the income you earn.
The study also tested household education, parental occupation, household income, household characteristics such as housing tenure, and neighbourhood measures such as neighbourhood poverty (
measured by the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index).
Pupils who live in the least deprived areas, which is
measured by the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index, will experience the highest gains.
When development —
measured by income, education, and life span — improves past a certain point, they find, fertility picks up again.
We are
measured by our income.
When maximum production and continually increasing economic growth,
measured by income and expenditure figures, are taken as the measures of social well - being, then occupations and the educational preparation for them are dehumanized and made narrowly vocational; and persons are degraded into interchangeable parts in a giant social machine designed for generating and gratifying acquisitive hungers.
Not exact matches
Over-valuation doesn't look so severe
by this
measure because a big component of mortgage payments — interest rates — is very low and
incomes have continued to rise over the years.
How about looking at the
measure most ordinary folk go
by, which is affordability — i.e. monthly mortgage payments in relation to their
income.
Management believes analysts and investors use Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental
measure to evaluate overall operating performance and facilitate comparisons with other wireless communications companies because it is indicative of T - Mobile's ongoing operating performance and trends
by excluding the impact of interest expense from financing, non-cash depreciation and amortization from capital investments, non-cash stock - based compensation, network decommissioning costs as they are not indicative of T - Mobile's ongoing operating performance and certain other nonrecurring
income and expenses.
That's because inequality —
measured by the extent to which the distribution of
income within a country deviates from perfect equality — is bad for business.
The company considers same - property NOI as an important operating performance
measure because it is frequently used
by securities analysts and investors to
measure only the net operating
income of properties that have been owned
by the company for the entire current and prior year reporting periods.
As of mid-2015, the
measure (see blue line in chart) shows that less than a third of disposable
income is required
by a representative Canadian household for mortgage payments and utility fees — below the long term average (brown line).
Whether those rate hikes come to fruition will depend in part on the shape of fiscal policy and any stimulus
measures — tax cuts, infrastructure spending — enacted
by President - elect Trump and the
incoming Congress.
Therefore, they should not be considered a substitute for
income or cash flow data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled
measures used
by other companies.
EBITDA is defined as earnings (net
income or loss) before interest expense, net, (gain) loss on early extinguishment of debt,
income tax (benefit) expense, and depreciation and amortization and is used
by management to
measure operating performance of the business.
By this
measure it is irrefutable that American living standards have improved dramatically even during a period when median
incomes have stagnated.
The Parliamentary Budget Office has released a report (pdf - h / t to Kady O'Malley) that makes note of the distinction between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross Domestic
Income (GDI), and shows that
by the latter
measure, the fourth quarter of 2008 was even more dreadful than the GDP numbers that made all the headlines.
CBO's
measure of before - tax comprehensive
income includes all cash
income (including non-taxable
income not reported on tax returns, such as child support), taxes paid
by businesses, [15] employees» contributions to 401 (k) retirement plans, and the estimated value of in - kind
income received from various sources (such as food stamps, Medicare and Medicaid, and employer - paid health insurance premiums).
§ The Bloomberg Barclays Capital U.S. TIPS (Treasury Inflation Protected Securities) Index
measures the performance of fixed
income securities with fixed - rate coupon payments that adjust for inflation, as
measured by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers.
Adjusted
income (loss) from operations is a
measure of profitability used
by Cigna's management because it presents the underlying results of operations of Cigna's businesses and permits analysis of trends in underlying revenue, expenses and shareholders» net
income.
Quality
measures the defect level of
incoming products as perceived and
measured by the customer.
The new research paper follows on a report last year co-authored
by Prof. Wolfson and two other researchers, who concluded many of Canada's wealthiest people are funnelling a large portion of their
income through CCPCs that are not reflected in standard
measures of individual earnings.
But closing down unnecessary capacity can pay for itself, even if unemployed workers are temporarily put on the government payroll (causing debt to rise, but usually
by less than it had before), but only temporarily as Beijing takes other
measures to boost household
income through wealth transfers from the state and so to boost consumption, a form of demand which is likely to be more labor intensive than the demand created in the process of over-capacity.
This
measure, which is less widely used, adds up all of the
incomes of the people surveyed and divides that figure
by the number of people counted.
These
measures are not substitutes for their comparable U.S. GAAP financial
measures, such as net sales, operating
income, diluted earnings per share, or other
measures prescribed
by U.S. GAAP, and there are limitations to using non-GAAP financial
measures.
«what unites the experiences of the main deficit countries is a steep increase in
income inequality over recent decades, as
measured by the share of
income going to the richest 5 percent of -LSB-...]
The International segment reported a loss from continuing operations before
income taxes of $ 1.3 million on a US GAAP basis and an underlying pretax loss of $ 1.0 million in the fourth quarter, versus a loss of $ 5.1 million for both
measures a year ago, driven
by the addition of the Miller brands, volume growth and positive pricing in Latin America and Australia, cost savings in MG&A, and cycling the substantial restructure of our China business in 2015.
In that case, the number of bookshops, which is a systems output — generated organically
by the size of the city, the rate of literacy, the
income of residents, and other relevant factors — would serve as a proxy for literacy, while population or
income would serve as proxies for whatever variable one wants to
measure.
(2) The Company calculates non-GAAP underlying pretax and after - tax
income, underlying effective tax rate, underlying EBITDA and underlying free cash flow results
by excluding special and other non-core items from the nearest U.S. GAAP performance
measure, which is net
income from continuing operations attributable to MCBC for both underlying after - tax
income and underlying EBITDA and net cash provided
by operating activities for underlying free cash flow.
Using the conventional total debt - to -
income ratio, where debt is
measured as a share of
income, college - educated student debtors are
by far the most indebted.2 The median college - educated student debtor has total debt equal to about two years» worth of household
income (205 %).
Uncertainty about the outcome of the US election, which affected the autumn survey, has given way to uncertainty about the
measures that will be put in place
by the
incoming US administration and their impact on Canadian businesses.
If a one year experiment cuts working life from (say) 40 years to 39 years, the effects of a lifetime of basic
income will be 40 times bigger than
measured by a one year experiment.
The Conservative government's tax relief
measures have seen low - and middle -
income Canadians receive proportionately greater relief, she said, with about one - third of the personal
income tax relief provided
by the government in 2013 going to Canadians with
incomes in the first tax bracket (under $ 43,561).
These
measures are not substitutes for their comparable GAAP financial
measures, such as net sales, net
income / (loss), diluted earnings per share, or other
measures prescribed
by GAAP, and there are limitations to using non-GAAP financial
measures.
The first step for multinationals is to define the market
by measuring current total consumption, examining product alternatives that satisfy similar needs, and studying potential spending likely to be unlocked once
incomes grow.
Average effective tax rate (ETR): A widely used
measure of tax burdens, equal to tax paid divided
by some
measure of
income.
The Importance of
Measuring Returns Peak - to - Peak Stock returns equal
income, plus growth in fundamentals, plus changes in valuation
By John P. Hussman, Ph.D..
In the September quarter, household consumption rose
by 1.1 per cent, a slight increase from the pace in the June quarter, but less than might have been expected given the boost to
incomes from the budget
measures.
Disposable
income was also boosted
by the
measures in the May 2004 Budget, particularly the lump - sum payments associated with the Family Tax Benefit and the
income tax cuts from 1 July.
Another key difficulty in forecasting personal
income tax revenues is that the taxable base is much broader than its underlying economic tax base, as
measured by Statistics Canada.
Specifically, the tax
measures proposed in Budget 2018 - 19 to limit the tax deferral advantages on passive investment
income earned inside private corporations address most of the concerns communicated
by the GVBOT and other groups as part of government's consultation in fall 2017.
ESTIMATED SAVINGS: APEC says the
measure will reduce federal
income taxes paid
by Atlantic businesses
by $ 12.5 million in 2016/2017, rising to $ 84.7 million
by 2019/20.
Lenders assess how reasonable an applicant's debt burden is
by looking at his or her debt - to -
income ratio, which
measures the debt an individual is carrying as a percentage of their
income.
The «broad market» in fixed
income is typically
measured by the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Index (Bloomberg Barclays Aggregate), which is market - cap weighted and has historically had an approximately 90/10 split between interest rate risk and credit risk.
The PE ratio (price - to - earnings ratio) is a
measure of the price paid for a share relative to the annual net
income or profit earned
by the firm per share.
The
income approach to
measuring gross domestic product (GDP) is based on the accounting reality that all expenditures in an economy should equal the total
income generated
by the production of all economic goods and services.
This
measure is simply net
income divided
by Economic Capital, but it is quite revealing in terms of understanding bank business models and behavior.
Pages A-1 through A-20 of the Financial Schedules reconcile the non-GAAP financial
measures set forth above to the following full year 2014 expected GAAP results: reported net
income of $ 93 million to $ 99 million; reported company development margin of 20.7 percent to 21.7 percent; reported North America development margin of 22.8 percent to 23.8 percent; and net cash provided
by operating activities of $ 216 million to $ 228 million.