Sentences with phrase «measured over a number of years»

Edward Miliband: I do, which is why we unveiled plans in February for «pay as you save» insulation, whereby people will be able to spread the costs of energy efficiency measures over a number of years; it will not be linked to the person in the house but to the house itself, so that the costs can be spread over 20 years or so.

Mean reversion occurs because growth is constrained, when measured over a number of years.

Dividend yields are constrained by earnings yields, when measured over a number of years.

Not exact matches

The number who believe that life in the U.S. is better than life in Mexico has fluctuated over the years, but as of last year was measured at 48 %, a slight decrease from 51 % seven years earlier.

Because PE is a measure of earnings over time, you can think of it as representing the number of years required to pay back a stock's purchase price (ignoring inflation, earnings growth and the time value of money).

These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

While a number of simple measures of valuation have also been useful over the years, even metrics such as price - to - peak earnings have been skewed by the unusual profit margins we observed at the 2007 peak, which were about 50 % above the historical norm - reflecting the combination of booming and highly leveraged financial sector profits as well as wide margins in cyclical and commodity - oriented industries.

This wage measure, along with a number of others, has been gradually trending upward over the past several years.

The exclusion of health services, as well as a number of other services provided by the public sector, largely explains the relatively modest increase in the market goods and services excluding volatile items measure of underlying inflation over the past year.

From a high base, created by rapid growth in 2014, rewards Crowdfunding grew over the last year in excess of 25 % — 27 % as measured by amount raised — with participation (the numbers of pledges) increasing significantly (12 %) while the success rate fell by 2 % as publicity attracted those less prepared for the process.

Seattle's housing inventory — measured by the number of homes listed for sale — has declined over the last year.

The findings are the result of a huge and challenging field effort: over a three - year period, local students and technicians spent several weeks every month at each site to measure each tree's woody growth rate and the number of small roots that had grown.

Outcome measures included the number of days spent in hospital, frequency of hospital admission, compulsory hospital admission and prescription of antipsychotics or non-antipsychotic mood stabilisers over a five year follow - up period.

For example, gravitational way is being a real solid test of inflation, but over the last couple of years, there have been a number of other ideas studying these primordial seeds that John and his collaborators measured.

Over the past year, a number of prominent Republican voices have argued their party must rethink its long - standing opposition to measures designed to address climate change.

We measure our success in the number of happy couples that we have created over the years.

The latest figures show the number of pupils now attending good or better schools in Manchester is the same as that nationally - with a rate of improvement on this measure over the last four years that far outstrips national improvement.»

This process begins with the highlighting of places, whether in the US or abroad, where teaching is seen as an attractive profession including sensitive and profession - appropriate measures of which candidates are promising; excellent training given over a number of years, without candidates having to acquire significant debt; placement of apprentice teachers in settings where they can be expertly inducted into the profession; expert and appealing professional development where teachers feel that they are continuing to acquire new and needed skills; and career paths that are multi-faceted and rewarding.

We also measured a handful of organizational characteristics plausibly related to leader efficacy including school and district size, school level, and number of different principals in the school over the past 10 years.

It was told in December that it had «let down pupils over a number of years» after a focused Ofsted inspection of six of its schools found half required special measures.

Twenty - eight states now require annual teacher evaluations, compared with just 15 in 2009, and the number of states requiring student achievement measures as part of teacher evaluations has soared from 15 to 41 over the past four years, according to the National Council on Teacher Quality.

Another interesting statistic: The number of individual Diamond accounts (which is generally regarded as a measure of the number of comics shops) is up 1.3 percent for 2014 so far; last year's increase was 3 percent over the entire year.

Ragland noted a worrying and unexplained trend: a declining number of surgeries performed over the past five years, as measured by the consumption of inhalant anesthetics.

- the game's shading mechanism has changed, which allows for increased gear texture quality - all graphical aspects and programming mechanisms have been built up from scratch for this sequel - maximum resolution is 1080p in TV mode - a bigger focus for Nintendo was the 60 frames per second - occasionally the resolution will be scaled down when there is too much ink displaying on the screen - Nintendo reduced the CPU load and refined the way to use CPU power effectively to maintain 60 fps in all matches - weapons were tweaked to let players be more creative by thinking about unique weapon characteristics and their best uses - weapons are designed to be effective when they are used during the right occasion - Special weapons are stronger than the original ones when used in the right situation, but weaker otherwise - the damage and effect of slowing down your movement when you step in the opponent's ink are reduced from original - you can jump up in rank if you're good enough, but only up until S - you can't jump up from C, B or A to S + - when you win battles in Ranked mode, the Ranked meter fills and your rank goes up when its fully filled - when you lose a battle, the gauge does not decrease, but the meter starts to crack - once the meter reaches its limit, it breaks - when the meter breaks, you have to start over again from the beginning or from a lower rank - highest rank is still S +, but if you fill up the Ranked meter, you get numbers after the alphabet such as «S +1», «S +2» and so on - maximum number is «S +50», but this number will not be displayed to your opponent - you are the only one to see it, and you can check it on your own status screen - Ranked Power is calculated by an algorithm to measure how strong each player is with minuteness - this will determine if a player's rank is worthy of receiving a big jump (like from «C» to «A»)- Ranked Power has no relation to your splat rate, and is more tied into to how well you lead your team to victory - you won't drop off more than one rank even if you play poorly - stage rotation time was changed to two hours - this was done because the devs expected people to play for an hour or so, but they found people play much longer - with Salmon Run, Nintendo considered how to implement a co-op oriented mode in a player - versus - player type of game - the devs will monitor how users are playing this mode to see if there's some tweaks they can throw in - more Salmon Run maps will be added in the future, but Nintendo wouldn't comment on adding more enemy types to the mode - rewards are changed each time Salmon Run is played - you can obtain rewards when playing locally, but not gear - originally Nintendo had an idea for this mode, but had no background setting, enemy designs, etc. - Inoue suggested that it should be salmon - themed - when Nintendo hosted the Splatfest that pit Callie against Marie, the development of Splatoon 2 had started - the devs had already decided to have the result reflected in the sequel - they even had an idea to announce the Splatfest with a phrase «Your choice will change the next Splatoon» - the timing to announce a sequel wasn't right, so they decided against this - they eventually released a series of short stories about the Squid Sisters to show how the Splatfest affected the sequel's story - Nintendo wouldn't say if Marina is an Octoling, and noted that Inklings are not paying attention to this too much - Inklings don't care about appearances, as long as everyone is doing something fresh - the Squid Sisters had composers who produced their songs, but Off the Hook are composing their music by themselves - Pearl is genius artist, but she couldn't find a right partner because she's a bit too edgy - she eventually found Marina as a partner though, and their chemistry is sparkling right now - Nintendo is planning a year of content updates for Splatoon 2 - when finished, the quantity of stages will be more than the original - some of the additional stages are totally new and some will be arranged stages from the first game - not all original stages will return and they are choosing stages based on the potential for them to be improved - Brella is shotgun-esque weapon, so the ink hits your opponent more if you are closer - it can shield damage when you open it, but the amount of damage has a limit and once it reaches it, it breaks - you can shoot ink, but you can't use the shield feature when it breaks - the shield won't prevent your allies ink - there are more new weapon categories which haven't been revealed yet - there are no other ranked modes outside of the three current options - the future holds any sort of possibility, but the devs didn't get specific about adding more content like that - for the modes, they adjusted the rule designs so that players will experience the more interesting aspects

A number is pulled out of the air with no justification (that stuff averages out over 15 years), and the supporting evidence of this is that we can measure global temperature averages.

Given human nature over that hundred plus years of records, it is highly likely that all the foibles and faults of those thousands of observers and their measuring equipment will through sheer numbers and bulk have about evened out to a neutral point around which the real actual temperature will be centered.

For this reason, the proxies must be «calibrated» empirically, by comparing their measured variability over a number of years with available instrumental records to identify some optimal climate association, and to quantify the statistical uncertainty associated with scaling proxies to represent this specific climate parameter.

«It's fair to say that a lot of feasibility work we did over the last couple of years suggested that 2C is pushing the boundaries of feasibility across a number of measures and that gives us an early signal about how hard 1.5 C would be.»

The federal budget outlined a number of measures designed to save $ 1 billion over the next five years by cutting tax loopholes and addressing aggressive tax planning.

This chart shows the % of legal fees billed to CounselLink customers by law firms of different sizes, as measured by the number of attorneys at the firm, over the past 4 years.

In this article, Michelle Kilroy and Christian Carlyle, discuss the new measures which aim to speed up what has been a regretfully slow process in Ireland over the past number of years.

Recent theoretical work suggests that bullying might arise out of early cognitive deficits — including language problems, imperfect causal understanding, and poor inhibitory control — that lead to decreased competence with peers, which over time develops into bullying.14, 15 A small number of studies provide circumstantial evidence that such a hypothesis might have merit7: 1 study found a link between poor early cognitive stimulation and (broadly defined) inappropriate school behavior, 16 and another found cognitive stimulation at age 3 years to be protective against symptoms of attention - deficit disorder at age 7 years.17 A study of Greek children found that academic self - efficacy and deficits in social cognition were related to bullying behavior.18 A large US national survey found that those who perceive themselves as having average or below - average academic achievement (as opposed to very good achievement) are 50 % to 80 % more likely to be bullies.8 Yet these studies are based on cross-sectional surveys, with the variables all measured at a single point in time.

A diversity score measure of the reported use of physical punishment, constructed by summing the number of different types of physical punishment methods reported by the parents over the follow - up periods of 1 to 3 years, 4 to 6 years, and 9 years.

[23] The amendments covered a number of measures, one of which sought to «promote individual property rights» on Aboriginal land by enabling a Northern Territory entity (such as the Northern Territory Government or a statutory authority established by it) to be granted a 99 - year lease from the traditional owners over an entire township.

Over a period of 23 years, the PROSPER Partnership Model evolved from a series of projects that served a wide range of groups and entailed evaluations measuring a number of outcomes.

Main Outcome Measures Number of substantiated reports over the entire 15 - year period involving the study child as subject regardless of the identity of the perpetrator or involving the mother as perpetrator regardless of the identity of the child abstracted from state records and analyzed by treatment group and level of domestic violence in the home as measured by the Conflict Tactics Scale.

It also included the covariates maternal age and educational level at registration and level of domestic violence in the family (number of incidents of violence) measured over the 15 - year study period.