Sentences with phrase «measurements they have become»

In recent years, buoy - based measurements, thought to be more accurate as buoy sensors are in direct contact with the ocean surface, have grown in frequency, while ship - based measurements have become less common.

RCS measurements have become increasingly important to the military.

Oxygen Consumption measurements have become a key functional readout of cell metabolism and mitochondrial function, providing important insights into the cell function and role of perturbed metabolism in disease progression.

is that the difference between satellite (UAH and RSS) and landstation (GISS and HadCRU) measurements has become so enormous.

As models have incorporated more data from new measurements they have become more accurate.

Since the data from the baseline measurements have become available about 35 journal articles and book chapters have been published or accepted for publication.

Not exact matches

In an era in which organizations of all sizes have become preoccupied with training and certification standards, Yardstick Software, an Edmonton firm, has figured out how to profit from our fascination with measurement.

Business outcome may have to become part of the measurement process.»

The CO2 is sampled from air that is above the Boundary Layer; ostensibly free from surface effects.The Keeling Curve has the longest history of CO2 continuous measurements; but over the past 50 years a network of similar stations has become active.

It sets the standard for best practice in sustainable design and has become the measurement used to describe a building's environmental performance.

And even GI Joe has become more and more muscular, if his measurements were applied to a normal height man, his chest would be 55 inches and his biceps would be 27.

This research has become possible only recently with the advent of astronomers» precision measurements of the amounts of nuclei present in the early universe.

«In many parts of the world microwave measurements systems can become a complement to CT scans and other imaging systems, which are often missing or have long waiting lists.»

The findings could have an impact on the tests and measurements that physicians rely on to diagnose and treat two heart conditions: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in which the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick, and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, in which the heart's ability to pump blood decreases as the organ's main pumping chamber, the left ventricle, is enlarged and its muscle thinned.

The early quantum physicists dealt with this unreality by saying that the «is» — the fundamental objects handled by the equations of quantum theory — were not actually particles that had an extrinsic reality but «probability waves» that merely had the capability of becoming «real» when an observer makes a measurement.

However, by year 3, the scientists» measurements indicated that the wetland had become a net source of dissolved organic nitrogen — the type that plants release — in water flowing into an adjacent estuary.

Conductive metallic components can significantly alter the field being measured; an effect that becomes even more pronounced if the device also has to be grounded to provide a reference point for the measurement.»

The fall of 2015 could be the last time the reading dipped below that mark at Mauna Loa — which has become a kind of global bellwether as the first place where CO2 concentrations were actively monitored — and, perhaps, at the 12 other sites where Keeling's program now makes the same measurements from the Arctic to the Antarctic.

Satellite measurements of eruptions have only recently become precise enough to exploit volcanoes as models for geo - engineering.

Later measurements showed that Huygens likely broke through a hard crust and sank into softer material below.That would not be a friendly environment for a rover; the Spirit rover on Mars, for example, became permanently stuck in place after breaking through a hard dirt crust in 2009.

Measurements of large - scale structure in SDSS maps of galaxies, quasars, and intergalactic gas have become a central pillar of the standard cosmological model that describes our understanding of the history and future of the Universe.

This work presents direct measurements of methane emissions from multiple sources at onshore natural gas production sites incorporating operational practices that have been adopted or become more prevalent since the 1990s.

I've also really come to appreciate recipes with weight measurements, since I became the proud owner of a kitchen scale — baked goods especially come out much more consistently (and you don't have to worry about what «scant» means).

An example: You've just rolled out a lab that involves measurement, and it's suddenly become evident that students don't know how to use rulers.

This generation is therefore 90 seconds slower than their parents were at the same age, and as children have steadily grown bigger and heavier (since 1990 when modern measurements started) they have also become relatively weaker, with one in five unable to support their own bodyweight using their arms.

In addition to the growing number of policy researchers, researchers in the areas of measurement and evaluation have become interested in policy because many reform initiatives have focused on assessment as a primary vehicle for improving student achievement.

The tests are based on the MetaMetrics ® Lexile Framework for Reading, a scientific approach to reading and text measurement that has become the most widely adopted reading measure in use today.

Vermont's State Board of Education was one of the 37 states to request a waiver but later voted to withdraw its application when it became clear that the state would not be allowed to develop its own «measurements for progress and teacher qualifications.»

With evaluations widely serving as measurement tools for human resources professionals, teachers have become increasingly suspicious of — and uncomfortable with — the evaluation process.

The company created the Lexile ® Framework for Reading, an approach to reading and text measurement that has become the most widely adopted reading measure in use today.

Teacher measurement will probably never become more than a carefully controlled process of estimating a teacher's individual efficiency... [This is]... sufficiently convenient and euphonious, and has now been used widely enough, to warrant its continuation.»

While super-slim measurements may have become de rigueur in the smartphone space, their novelty remains potent in the tablet world.

Measurement of TSH has been considered an important part of thyroid function assessment in humans for years, but a test to measure levels of TSH only recently became available in the dog.

In his words: «I soon arrived at an elementary system of measurements implicit in the geometry of the rectangle which became the basis for simple images that I had deliberately given a somewhat illusionistic cast.»

The sawtoothed «Keeling Curve,» of these measurements, named for Charles David Keeling, the scientist who launched the project and ran it until his death in 2005, has become an icon of the Anthropocene, the proposed geological epoch created by humanity's «great acceleration.»

But more important than agreement with computer models is the fact that four years with no warming in the upper ocean does not erase the 50 years of warming we've seen since ocean temperature measurements became widespread....

The average rate of increase has been in excess of 2 ppm per annum over the past five years and that is at least four times greater that the rate back in about 1960 when the early measurements from Mauna Loa became available.

Here my interest was whether they had included the additional Polar Urals measurement data set that became available in 1999 (referred to in Climategate emails to Briffa) and which, when incorporated, resulted in a noticeable MWP (as reported at CA a number of years ago.

We know that global cloud cover has decreased about 4 % since satellite measurements became available in 1985.

Then the temperatures stay there, varying by less than a degree with hardly any year - to - year variation at all, up to about 1880, when the dotted line become solid — indicating (though this is not explicitly noted) that we have switched to modern thermometer measurements — at which point they begin to tick jerkily upward.

«Models traditionally have projected that this difference doesn't become negative (i.e. net loss of Antarctic ice sheet mass) for several decades,» Mann said, adding that detailed gravimetric measurements, which looks at changes in Earth's gravity over spots to estimate, among other things, ice mass.

It struck me as very odd that the ground thermometer readings would continue to be preferred when the satellite measurements became available.

The use of even more recently computer - reconstructed total solar irradiance data (whatever have large uncertainties) for the period prior to 1976 would not change any of the conclusions in my paper, where quantitative analyses were emphasized on the influences of humans and the Sun on global surface temperature after 1970 when direct measurements became available.

Now, if definitive measurements across the globe become available and they show no increase, that will obviously have to be dealt with.

To point out just a couple of things: — oceans warming slower (or cooling slower) than lands on long - time trends is absolutely normal, because water is more difficult both to warm or to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made by some serrist, but don't know who) that oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase change inside oceans, so no latent heat) or oceans begin to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60 years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI).

Since this phenomenon first became apparent in the early 1990s, the research community has been seeking to identify and quantify possible sources of errors in the surface and upper air temperature measurements, and it has been trying to understand the physical processes that may have caused surface and upper air temperatures to change relative to one another.

Anonymous, the denialist myth is that the rising US surface temperature measurements are misleading because so many of them are taken from places that have become more urban over time.

This improved accuracy is especially clear for the sample period that starts in 1960, when direct measurements of greenhouse gas concentrations become available and temperature measures have better coverage and are more reliable.

This climate sensitivity evaluation has implications for the atmospheric CO2 amount throughout the Cenozoic era, which can be checked as improved proxy CO2 measurements become available.

I know many Building Science pros lament the rising juggernaut of RESNET and its HERS rating, especially those in the Northwest who have developed the arguably superior Energy Performance Score (EPS), but it clearly is becoming the dominant national measurement tool.