««Objective»
measures of achievement such as NAPLAN scores and «subjective» measures or perceptions of their achievement were both strong predictors of kids» interests.
Not exact matches
I don't think the notion that there is some sort
of plane from which we can
measure such «
achievement» would fly in most Buddhist circles.
Persons who are grasped by the power
of such visions, who are inspired by a «sublime madness in the soul» (Reinhold Niebuhr), are the probable agents
of redemptive social change, even though they know in their critical moments that no future
achievement is likely to embody the full
measure of their treasured ideal.
Racial intermixtures have produced some very white - skinned Negroes with blue eyes and fair hair, yet the product
of such a union remains a Negro.5 Race as the term is commonly used designates very nearly what the Germans call Volk — a group sharing a common cultural tradition, whether
of achievement or servitude, with some
measure of national, geographical, and biological affinity.
Whereas, New York State is a leading voice for women's equality and has raised that voice in action through
such significant
achievements as passage
of the historic «Women's Equality Agenda» in 2015 - eight laws that advance women's equality in New York State by helping to achieve pay equity, strengthen human trafficking laws and protections for domestic violence victims, and ending pregnancy discrimination in all workplaces; other
measures further safeguard and promote women's interests and help improve their status in settings where they live and work; and
When the U.S. Senate Two weeks ago, in a 62 - 34 bipartisan vote, approved the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, the
achievement was noteworthy primarily for one reason ---- it was the first time either house
of Congress had approved
such a
measure with protections for transgender Americans included.
It is a
measure of the wisdom
of the curators that
such an illustrious past isn't allowed to overshadow India's more recent
achievements.
The provisional school results will include performance
measures such as the percentage
of pupils achieving five or more GCSEs or equivalents at A * to C, the percentage
of pupils achieving the English Baccalaureate (EBacc), and the Attainment 8 scores, showing average
achievement across eight subjects, including English and maths, for those schools that have opted into the new accountability system a year early.
Indeed, the whole point
of «value - added»
measures is to control for observed traits
such as students» prior
achievement and characteristics.
Measures of school performance based on carefully constructed comparisons
of student
achievement growth, and other important outcomes,
such as high - school graduation and college enrollment rates, require student - level data that are not publicly available.
Assessment is,
of course, a vital part
of education, but the stakes attached to these tests are way out
of balance when
such a limited and imperfect
measure of achievement counts for more than all the assessments
of all the students» teachers,» says Orfield.
Nevertheless, there is still a story to be told, and the essential part
of it is that the program that education reformers have tried to promote now for decades — introduce more choices
of schools for students, enable competition among schools, open up paths for preparing teachers and administrators outside schools
of education, improve
measures of student
achievement and teacher competence, enable administrators to act on the basis
of such measures, and limit the power
of teachers unions — has been advanced under the Obama administration, in the judgment
of authors Maranto and McShane.
And if the underlying
measure of student
achievement in these studies was standardized tests, as was surely the case in many
of them, why are
such tests acceptable as
measures of teacher quality in studies that are meta - analyzed and used indirectly, but unacceptable when they are used directly to assess teacher quality in a structured research design?
We also conducted a more sophisticated analysis that
measures the relationship between a family's demographic characteristics (
such as eligibility for free - or reduced - price lunch, median household income
of the student's residential neighborhood, race, and student prior
achievement level), a school's poverty level, and the likelihood that the parent makes a request.
Instead, the
measure is likely comparing that student to others in his «norm group» — students with like characteristics
such as level
of achievement, age, and so forth.
When compared with
such crude indicators, the combination
of student
achievement gains on state tests, student surveys, and classroom observations identified teachers with better outcomes on every
measure we tested: state tests and supplemental tests as well as more subjective
measures,
such as student - reported effort and enjoyment in class.
While there are many ways to link teacher instruction to student
achievement, one family
of methods — Value - Added
Measures (VAMs)-- has generated national headlines (
such as this article about Los Angeles teachers).
While
measures of teachers» general academic skills,
such as SAT scores and college selectivity, are often statistically significant predictors
of teachers» effectiveness in raising student
achievement, their effects are modest in size.
The
achievement gains based on that
measure were more reliable
measures of a teacher's practice (less variable across different classes taught by the same teacher) and were more closely related to other
measures,
such as classroom observations and student surveys.
To create
such programs, states and districts must identify the most important elements
of student performance (usually academic
achievement),
measure them (usually with state tests), calculate change in performance on a school - by - school basis, and provide rewards to schools that meet or beat performance improvement targets — all
of which must be backed by system supports that enable all schools to boost results.
The use
of gain scores also minimizes the incentives for classifying a nondisabled student as disabled, since
such scores
measure individual progress instead
of lowering the
achievement bar.
We included administrative data from teacher, parent, and student ratings
of local schools; we considered the potential relationship between vote share and test - score changes over the previous two or three years; we examined the deviation
of precinct test scores from district means; we looked at changes in the percentage
of students who received failing scores on the PACT; we evaluated the relationship between vote share and the percentage change in the percentile scores rather than the raw percentile point changes; and we turned to alternative
measures of student
achievement,
such as SAT scores, exit exams, and graduation rates.
Participation in afterschool programs is influencing academic performance in a number
of ways, including better attitudes toward school and higher educational aspirations; higher school attendance rates and lower tardiness rates; less disciplinary action,
such as suspension; lower dropout rates; better performance in school, as
measured by
achievement test scores and grades; significant gains in academic
achievement test scores; greater on - time promotion; improved homework completion; and deeper engagement in learning.
In most industrialized countries — nearly all
of which outperform us on
measures of academic
achievement,
such as PISA and TIMSS — students begin preparing for a career while still in high school.
The report recommends various
measures to help close the
achievement gap, including: more investment in early years education; ensuring all schools have access to good examples
of top quality teaching and leadership; good careers guidance for all pupils; extra support for teachers,
such as a mortgage deposit scheme to help high - performing school staff get on the housing ladder; and promoting and
measuring character development, wellbeing and mental health in schools.
There are a number
of reasons: 1) student
achievement probably wasn't used as the
measure of teacher effectiveness; 2) before the advent
of the modern computer, in the mid-1960s, some
of the more sophisticated analyses were not feasible; 3) the structure and makeup
of schools change, making the findings less applicable to the current situation; 4) most important, older studies may not control for critical variables,
such as students» backgrounds or past
achievement.
Existing empirical evidence, however, does not find a strong role for
measured characteristics
of teachers —
such as teacher experience, education, and test scores
of teachers — in the determination
of academic
achievement of students.
And in the vast realm
of regulation, perhaps the touchiest will turn out to be (or so we've been admonished by the critics and worry - warts mentioned above) the requirement that private schools administer state tests and be held publicly accountable for student
achievement as
measured by
such tests.
The value - added
measures are designed to provide estimates
of the independent effect
of the teacher on the growth in a student's learning and to separate this from other influences on
achievement such as families, peers, and neighborhoods.
While this is a reasonable approach, given the high percentages
of students from low - income families in CEP schools,
such a policy tends to conflict with the heavy emphasis placed by the ESEA on
measuring achievement gaps between students from low - income families and other students in establishing performance consequences for schools.
As the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) affords states the flexibility to decide how to
measure student
achievement, two reports released June 23 show that schools play a key role in developing students» soft skills
such as beliefs about their intellectual capacity, sense
of belonging at school, and eagerness to learn in the face
of adversity.
Schools
such as Wilbur shine under the current
measure of academic success — the all - important Academic Performance Index — based on students»
achievement level on standardized tests.
This collaboration has helped jump - start this work across the state and shed light on the many significant challenges associated with overhauling the hoary systems in place,
such as
measuring student
achievement in «untested» grades and subjects, ensuring inter-rater agreement and accuracy
of teacher practice observations, and ending the long - standing culture
of «The Widget Effect.»
The Scholars» Paradise model would use «scale scores» or a «performance index» for the «academic
achievement» indicator;
measure growth using a two - step value - added metric; pick robust «indicators
of student success or school quality,»
such as chronic absenteeism; and make value added count the most in a school's final score.
Future researchers will need to address the challenge, finding meaningful ways to document student
achievement while documenting formative
measures of progress
such as parents» understanding
of instructional goals, teachers» priorities and their practice, teacher understanding, and surface - level changes in materials and activities.
In addition, some research, including an ongoing study
of measures of effective teaching supported by the Gates Foundation, gives credence to the use
of student
achievement measures when combined with other
measures,
such as teacher observations and student feedback, as part
of an effective teacher evaluation system.
We analyzed the data in the context
of seven additional
measures related to principals «assessments
of the districts «focus on accountability — through
such items, e.g., as Our district has explicit targets beyond NCLB targets, and The district uses student
achievement data to determine PD needs and resources.
Here is the description
of Opt Out Orlando taken from their site: «Opt Out Orlando advocates for multiple
measures of authentic assessments,
such as a portfolio, non-high stakes standardized tests (Iowa Test
of Basic Standards (ITBS) or the Stanford
Achievement Test (SAT10)-RRB-, which are used to inform teachers» instruction
of their students and which do not result in punitive consequences for students, teachers and schools.
The same principle applies to education: When a system values (and
measures) many aspects
of schooling,
such as the amount
of art and music, the time devoted to recess, student attendance, teacher attendance, teacher turnover, and academic
achievement, the school and its students, teachers and staff are likely to be «balanced.»
During his tenure, he made the MTA the voice
of the profession and established the teachers union as a partner in developing and implementing state and federal policy
such as teacher - evaluation frameworks, new curriculum standards, district and school accountability
measures, while strengthening labor - management collaboration focused on improving student
achievement.
The meaning
of this term is never explained, and the most likely way to meet the vague requirement was to assign large or significant weight — 50 percent in some cases — to
measures of student
achievement growth,
such as value - added.
However, with so much time and effort undertaken at the state level in the implementation
of accountability
measures such as Student Learning Objective (SLOs), prescribed teaching standard frameworks or rubrics, and student
achievement data, I can not imagine a scenario in which states would abandon their new methods for grading teachers.
It implemented a performance - based compensation system combining student growth and
achievement measures with 23
measures of school effectiveness,
such as positive school culture, effective parent engagement, and teacher leadership.
The
measure, which won approval in the Republican - led House
of Representatives late Wednesday, would ease federally imposed
achievement goals that critics say relied too much on standardized tests and were unrealistic for struggling public school systems
such as Baltimore's.
As I have noted, stronger standards alone aren't the only reason why student
achievement has improved within this period; at the same time, the higher expectations for student success fostered by the standards (along with the accountability
measures put in place by the No Child Left Behind Act, the expansion
of school choice, reform efforts by districts
such as New York City, and efforts by organizations
such as the College Board and the National Science and Math Initiative to get more poor and minority students to take Advanced Placement and other college prep courses), has helped more students achieve success.
The priorities, which will be core to a new accountability system, include school climate, student engagement, access to courses leading to college and careers and the implementation
of new academic standards,
such as the Common Core State Standards, as well as
measures of student
achievement.
Requiring regular evaluations
of teachers using multiple
measures based on clear standards for effective practice,
measures of student
achievement growth, and other
measures such as observations and lesson plans or other artifacts
of practice.
The proposal by Educators 4 Excellence, whose L.A. chapter
of 900 teachers was launched last November, came one day after a Los Angeles Superior Court judge found that the Los Angeles Unified School District had violated a state law requiring the use
of such student
achievement measures in its instructor evaluations.
Instead
of relying on intelligence and
achievement test scores solely for identification, multiple criteria would be used, including more non-traditional
measures such as observing students interacting with a variety
of learning opportunities (Passow & Frasier, 1996) it is a belief
of many in the field
of gifted education that new conceptions
of giftedness and a new paradigm for identifying and selecting students will help minority and disadvantaged students become more represented in gifted programs (VanTassel - Baska, Patton, & Prillaman, 1991; Ford, 1996).
However, a number
of efforts to develop
such indices
of teacher effectiveness are under way, and the American Federation
of Teachers» president, Randi Weingarten, has publicly endorsed including student -
achievement results along with other
measures to evaluate teacher success.