The quantitative analysis focused on responses to principal and teacher surveys and on
our measures of student achievement in literacy and mathematics.
In addition, the principal must demonstrate that she and her staff are conducting high quality observations that fairly and accurately reflect teaching performance and that teachers are using high quality
measures of student achievement in the form of SGOs.
The school characteristics include whether it is in an urban area, grade level (e.g., high school), the number of students enrolled, student - teacher ratio, the percentage of students who are eligible for the free or reduced - price lunch program, the percentage of minority students, and
measures of student achievement in reading and math.
And if the underlying
measure of student achievement in these studies was standardized tests, as was surely the case in many of them, why are such tests acceptable as measures of teacher quality in studies that are meta - analyzed and used indirectly, but unacceptable when they are used directly to assess teacher quality in a structured research design?
Not exact matches
«Two days
of testing is a natural next step, as long as the assessments continue to cover the material needed to truly
measure every
student's strengths and challenges, and the changes are implemented carefully and with the input
of educators and communities,» High
Achievement New York, which advocates for higher standards, said
in a statement.
Charter school leader Deborah Kenny's op - ed
in today's The New York Times argues against the move by many states toward teacher evaluations based on multiple
measures, including both
student progress on
achievement tests and the reviews
of principals.
Choi, Christine Lippard, an assistant professor
of human development and family studies at Iowa State; and Shinyoung Jeon, a postdoctoral research fellow at the University
of Oklahoma - Tulsa, analyzed data
measuring inhibitory control (the ability to pay attention and control natural, but unnecessary thoughts or behaviors) and math
achievement for low - income
students in Head Start through kindergarten.
The IR's
achievements can ultimately be
measured in terms
of its effects on the graduate
student population.
The public release
of these ratings — which attempt to isolate a teacher's contribution to his or her
students» growth
in math and English
achievement, as
measured by state tests — is one important piece
of a much bigger attempt to focus school policy on what really matters: classroom learning.
Results
of the study indicate that LTTA
students perform better on math computation and estimation (as
measured by the Canadian
Achievement Test, CAT · 3) compared to
students in similar non-LTTA schools.
«Reassessing the
Achievement Gap: Fully Measuring What Students Should Be Taught in School» argues that NAEP results offer a «distorted» picture of student achievement because of their exclusive focus on academic skills and take attention away from nontested areas that often fall under the purview
Achievement Gap: Fully
Measuring What
Students Should Be Taught
in School» argues that NAEP results offer a «distorted» picture
of student achievement because of their exclusive focus on academic skills and take attention away from nontested areas that often fall under the purview
achievement because
of their exclusive focus on academic skills and take attention away from nontested areas that often fall under the purview
of schools.
IMPACT's features are broadly consistent with emerging best - practice design principles informed by the
Measures of Effective Teaching project, and are intended to drive improvements
in teacher quality and
student achievement (see «Capturing the Dimensions
of Effective Teaching,» features, Fall 2012).
A credible
measure of the effectiveness
of a virtual school would compare the
achievement growth
of students at that school to the performance
of students in the schools those
students would have attended otherwise.
School Wastage Study - National Absenteeism
in Armenia «The term, school wastage, can be broadly defined as lack
of demonstrated school success or realized educational gain (or value),
measured as output
of student achievement, outcome
of social and economic returns, from provided educational services, finance, and other schooling related consumption
of resources.
Plopped between two public housing projects
in one
of the roughest and poorest neighborhoods
in Austin, Texas, the school scraped bottom on virtually every
measure of student achievement.
Consistent with the prior studies,
in this objective evaluation, KIPP
students outperformed the comparison children on numerous
measures of achievement, across a range
of subject areas.
Under the NCLB - era accountability regimes
in many states, practically every school serving lots
of low - income
students was eventually designated as failing («needs improvement») because the dominant
measures of school performance at the time — especially proficiency and graduation rates — are strongly correlated with prior
achievement and
student demographics.
I
measure student achievement with a composite
of grade - point average (GPA) based on
student self - reports
of their most recent grades
in English, math, history / social studies, and science.
Because the presence
of charter schools
in an area might affect both
student achievement and the decisions
of families to move to a district, we
measured state demographics and
student achievement during the 1989 — 90 school year, several years before the first charter laws took effect.
This study, third
in a series
of three studies on the state
of professional development
in the United States, examines state policies and practices
of four states making progress
in two factors: access to professional development as defined by the Professional Development Access Index and
student achievement as
measured by the National Assessment
of Educational Progress.
Once again, we found no evidence that the bonus program led to changes
in this
measure of student achievement.
The main difficulty
in measuring the effect
of teacher retirement on
student achievement is that retirement decisions may both affect and be affected by
student performance.
Equally important are school / university partnerships and the coming together
of like - minded researchers and classroom teachers who recognize the fertile opportunity to research,
measure, and disseminate findings
in Mind, Brain, and Education Science to enhance teacher quality,
student achievement, and professional satisfaction.
Most
of these schools also regularly collect portfolios
of student work
in an attempt to go beyond standardized test results and provide richer
measures of achievement.
Kamras: A quality teacher,
in my view, is someone who: 1) knows his / her subject matter with great proficiency; 2) has the demonstrated capacity — as
measured by quantifiable
student achievement — to share that knowledge with children; 3) holds all children, regardless
of background, to the highest
of standards
of excellence; 4) leads by taking full responsibility for his / her
students»
achievement; and 5) inspires
students to pursue dreams they never imagined.
There was an organization called the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, where a teacher could submit videos, but there was actually a hesitance to include
student achievement in any
of those
measures, for many reasons, many
of them ideological.
Moreover, it is a direct
measure of what policymakers want
in teacher quality, not a proxy for
student achievement fashioned by education's internal stakeholders.
The
achievement gap between middle - school
students and K — 8
students is put
in stark relief
in Figure 1, which displays our estimates
of the impact
of attending a middle school on
student achievement as
measured by standardized tests
in math and English Language Arts.
In the specific year when students move to a middle school (or to a junior high), their academic achievement, as measured by standardized tests, falls substantially in both math and English relative to that of their counterparts who continue to attend a K — 8 elementary schoo
In the specific year when
students move to a middle school (or to a junior high), their academic
achievement, as
measured by standardized tests, falls substantially
in both math and English relative to that of their counterparts who continue to attend a K — 8 elementary schoo
in both math and English relative to that
of their counterparts who continue to attend a K — 8 elementary school.
By way
of comparison, the authors note that the impact
of being assigned to a teacher
in the top - quartile rather than one
in the bottom quartile
in terms
of their total effect on
student achievement as
measured by
student - test - based
measures of teacher effectiveness is seven percentile points
in reading and six points
in math.
Their multi-level analysis
of repeated
measures of student achievement showed that,
in most cases, the
students achieved as might have been expected, and that
in only a few cases was there improvement that might be attributable to the professional development program.
Nevertheless, there is still a story to be told, and the essential part
of it is that the program that education reformers have tried to promote now for decades — introduce more choices
of schools for
students, enable competition among schools, open up paths for preparing teachers and administrators outside schools
of education, improve
measures of student achievement and teacher competence, enable administrators to act on the basis
of such
measures, and limit the power
of teachers unions — has been advanced under the Obama administration,
in the judgment
of authors Maranto and McShane.
Evaluations
of any educational technology program often confront a number
of methodological problems, including the need for
measures other than standardized
achievement tests, differences among
students in the opportunity to learn, and differences
in starting points and program implementation.
But, unfortunately, evidence from both the United States and other countries shows that more school resources and smaller classes do not have much
of an effect on how much a
student learns
in school, as
measured by tests
of achievement.
These patterns suggest that the positive effects
of charter school attendance on educational attainment are not due solely to
measured differences
in the
achievement of students in charter and traditional public high schools.
Instead, the
measure is likely comparing that
student to others
in his «norm group» —
students with like characteristics such as level
of achievement, age, and so forth.
As noted earlier, whereas Amrein and Berliner simply compared the test scores
of 4th graders
in one year with those
of a different set
of 4th graders four years later, we
measured students» growth
in achievement between the 4th and 8th grades.
Michigan's high school
achievement test,
in place since 1978, could be on its way out to make way for a set
of new tests that would
measure students» college readiness.
In tackling this task, Feinberg says, they «backed into» the five essential tenets
of the KIPP model: High Expectations (for academic
achievement and conduct); Choice and Commitment (KIPP
students, parents, and teachers all sign a learning pledge, promising to devote the time and effort needed to succeed); More Time (extended school day, week, and year); Power to Lead (school leaders have significant autonomy, including control over their budget, personnel, and culture); and Focus on Results (scores on standardized tests and other objective
measures are coupled with a focus on character development).
When compared with such crude indicators, the combination
of student achievement gains on state tests,
student surveys, and classroom observations identified teachers with better outcomes on every
measure we tested: state tests and supplemental tests as well as more subjective
measures, such as
student - reported effort and enjoyment
in class.
(To generate the weights, we regressed a teacher's average
student -
achievement gain
in one class against the three different
measures from another class, resulting
in weights
of.758,.200, and.042 on value - added,
student survey, and classroom observation, respectively).
Schools Minister Nick Gibb said his statement to the House
of Commons that: «We (DfE) want new GCSEs to set expectations which match those
of the best education systems
in the world, with rigorous assessment that provides a reliable
measure of students»
achievement.
We compared a principal's assessment
of how effective a teacher is at raising
student reading or math
achievement, one
of the specific items principals were asked about, with that teacher's actual ability to do so as
measured by their value added, the difference
in student achievement that we can attribute to the teacher.
This may be why real costs per
student have increased substantially (nearly doubling
in the past 30 years) while the performance
of schools, as
measured by average
student achievement, has not risen at all.
Measures of teachers» value added
in previous years are an even better predictor
of future gains
in students»
achievement than are principal ratings.
Once the state has decided on its policy position, however, a judicial presence should be maintained to ensure that the chosen policy is fully funded, is implemented
in a coherent manner, and results
in substantially improved
student performance, as
measured by validated assessments
of academic
achievement and
of students» ability to function as capable citizens and workers.
Our basic value - added model
measures the effectiveness
of a principal by examining the extent to which math
achievement in a school is higher or lower than would be expected based on the characteristics
of students in that school, including their
achievement in the prior year.
While
measures of teachers» general academic skills, such as SAT scores and college selectivity, are often statistically significant predictors
of teachers» effectiveness
in raising
student achievement, their effects are modest
in size.
The foundations and donors supporting the education reform movement do have one enormous advantage over their philanthropic counterparts
in the arts, health, the environment, human services, and any number
of other fields, namely, the presence
of measures of student achievement that allow real comparisons
of school performance.
Constrained by salary inertia and the historical absence
of good performance
measures, the principal labor market does not appear to weed out those principals who are least successful
in raising
student achievement.