Sentences with phrase «measuring economic welfare»

My point is only that rough approximations to measuring economic welfare strongly suggest that the time for viewing increase in gross product as the appropriate goal for national policy is ended.

The deeper one goes into the choices to be made, the more one realizes that there are no neutral and objective ways of measuring economic welfare.

When efforts have been made to measure economic welfare in distinction from gross product, the results have generally showed greater divergence than economists generally like to suppose.

Although it is clear that the GNP does not measure economic welfare, it can reasonably be argued that the level of market activity, which it does measure, gives some indication of the number of jobs available.

No economist supposes that per capita GNP directly measures economic welfare or well - being.

Not exact matches

Alignment of government policy is particularly crucial, as inconsistency between government policies inhibits investment and raises the cost of capital.235 Once the overall strategic direction is set, a range of methods and instruments are available to mainstream climate at the project level.236 This needs to happen at the technical assessment stage, where technological and process options and alternatives are considered that will achieve the project aim; at the economic assessment stage, which involves measuring net impacts of the project on welfare; and at the financial assessment stage, where costs and revenues of the project are assessed.237

Basically their figures showed that growth in gross product and growth in welfare rose together from 1939 to 1947 but that since then a large continuing growth in product was accompanied by very little improvement as judged by the Measure of Economic Welfare.

Nevertheless, I am convinced that rather than continue to assume that growth, as measured by Gross National Product is an appropriate goal of national and international policy, we must examine how it relates to economic welfare, and that requires that we dare to make judgments about what constitutes welfare.

They continue to advocate policies that increase GDP even when they do not increase economic welfare as measured by the ISEW.

The justification for this ignoring of the loss of resources and adding costs is that the GDP is a measure of market activity, not of economic welfare.

There are many respects in which these measures omit positive contributions to economic welfare and ignore what is harmful.

But the most important questions in framing a measure of economic welfare have to do with what contributes to sustainable well - being.

We suspected that the decline in correlation of improvement in economic welfare and growth in market activity had continued, and we thought that using a widely recognized measure, developed by respected economists, would give some authority to the results.

Are improvements in economic welfare so connected to increases in GNP that, despite the differences between economic welfare and market activity, it is appropriate to continue to use GNP as a way of measuring economic success?

In order to appreciate the full force of these results, it is helpful to understand that the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare accepts the most basic assumption underlying the work of Nordhaus and Tobin and all others who have devised measures of economic Economic Welfare accepts the most basic assumption underlying the work of Nordhaus and Tobin and all others who have devised measures of economic economic welfare.

If so, then the recognition that GNP is not a direct measure of economic welfare is of little practical importance.

In previous chapters I have suggested what concerned citizens can do to deal with television without censorship: create local television councils and community action to get stations to accept their responsibility for the public welfare; introduce media education courses in the schools and churches to create media literacy; organize community groups to develop programs relating to community issues on the «narrowcast» media of cable - TV, videocassettes, low - power TV, public - broadcasting facilities, and commercial side - band channels; employ stockholder action and other economic measures.

In India's «ten percent economy» as economist C.T. Kurien calls it, 40 to 50 percent of people are living below the poverty line; and the present pattern of development through globalization with economic growth as the only criterion will lead to large - scale cuts in welfare measures and to the capital - intensive industries under the auspices of the multi-national corporations and consequently to more poverty and unemployment as it happened in Latin America.

Daly and Cobb (1989, pp. 401 et seq) have devised an index of sustainable economic welfare (ISEW) as a measure of the well - being of humans and the environment.

Per capita gross product is not even a measure of economic welfare.

The governor maintained that the economic growth of a nation could only be measured by the welfare of the people.

While it has long been known that cost - effective energy efficiency measures are beneficial to economic welfare and therefore worth pursuing on grounds other than climate change mitigation, the magnitude of rebound effects and their implications for the utility of energy efficiency as a climate change mitigation strategy remain contested.

To summarise (at the risk of oversimplifying), there are two main positions in this debate: Those who believe that public policy goals can only be taken into account within EU competition law to the extent that those goals can be measured in economic terms and contribute to maximizing consumer welfare (Amato, Odudu).