Dosing
of mebendazole of 30 - 87 mg / kg / day in humans resulted in plasma levels of 120 -218 nM (260 nM for continuous administration) with coefficients of variation ranging from 27 to 72 %.
In detail, agents such
as mebendazole and flubendazole induce the loss of cytoplasmic microtubules of the tegumental and intestinal cells of the helminths, and this is followed by loss of transport of secretory vesicles, a decreased glucose uptake and an increased utilization of stored glycogen [12].
The anthelmintic
drug mebendazole inhibits growth, migration and invasion in gastric cancer cell model.
Clinical trials employing
mebendazole for the treatment of high - grade glioma patients which receive temozolomide and for recurrent / progressive pediatric brain tumors are in the recruiting phase.
Oral administration of
mebendazole in mice elicited a strong antitumor effect in a subcutaneous model and reduced lesions in experimentally induced lung metastasis without any toxicity when compared with paclitaxel - treated mice [9,20].
Moreover,
mebendazole inhibited invasion and migration of cancer cells in vitro, and formation of metastases in vivo in experimental animals.
This table lists reports on investigations
employing mebendazole, niclosamide and pyrvinium (pamoate) as anticancer agents against cell lines or in experimental animal models.
In human cells,
mebendazole suppressed the formation of the primary cilium, a microtubule - based organelle that functions as a signaling hub for Hh pathway activation [27].
Correspondingly, the in vivo growth of hedgehog - dependent medulloblastoma was inhibited by orally
administered mebendazole.
The
benzamidazole mebendazole significantly inhibited growth of adrenocortical carcinoma cells, both in vitro and in vivo, the effects being due to induction of apoptosis [19].
For the anticancer activity of
mebendazole impairment of the organization of tubulin was identified as main intracellular effect in lung cancer, gastric cancer, leukemia and brain tumors [9, 20, 22, 25, 32].
Anthelmintic
mebendazole enhances cisplatin's effect on suppressing cell proliferation and promotes differentiation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Anticancer activities of anthelminthics were reported for
mebendazole by Mukhopadhyay et al. in 2002, for pyrvinium pamoate (PPAM) by Esumi et al. in 2004 and for niclosamide by Wang et al. in 2009, respectively [8 - 10].
Examples of drugs identified as high - potential agents within the Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO) project
include mebendazole, cimetidine, nitroglycerin, diclofenac and clarithromycin, among others [3].
Treatment of lung cancer cell lines
with mebendazole caused mitotic arrest by depolymerization of tubulin, followed by apoptotic cell death.
The anthelmintic drug
mebendazole induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis by depolymerizing tubulin in non-small cell lung cancer cells.
A prominent example is the proposal to implement anthelminthics, such
as mebendazole, niclosamide and pyrvinium pamoate, as novel anticancer drugs.
Nygren P, Larsson R. Drug repositioning from bench to bedside: tumour remission by the antihelmintic
drug mebendazole in refractory metastatic colon cancer.
In human cells,
mebendazole suppressed the formation of the primary cilium, a microtubule - based organelle that functions as a signaling hub for Hh pathway activation.
Tan Z, Chen L, Zhang S. Comprehensive modeling and discovery
of mebendazole as a novel TRAF2 - and NCK - interacting kinase inhibitor.
In a previous paper published in ecancermedicalscience, the ReDO researchers examined the anti-cancer properties of the drug
mebendazole, an over-the-counter treatment currently used for threadworm.
Treatment of hydatid disease with high oral doses of
mebendazole.
Similar antitumor activity of
mebendazole was found in gastric cancer, medulloblastoma, glioblastoma, leukemia and myeloma as well as in breast cancer stem cell - like cells [22 - 26].
The structures of
mebendazole, niclosamide and pyrvinium are shown in Figure 1.
This table lists reported anticancer targets of
mebendazole, niclosamide and pyrvinium (pamoate).
Several studies demonstrated potent antitumor properties of
mebendazole (Table 1).
Furthermore, the host of different targets described seems to be linked to the capability of the benzimidazoles (
mebendazole), salicylanilides (niclosamine) and cyanine dye derivatives (pyrvinium) to interact with DNA directly.
In the conventional world of medicine, one of the mainstays is
mebendazole.
Your veterinarian may administer medications, such as
mebendazole, designed to treat roundworms.
The addition of
a mebendazole derivative anthelmintic (intestinal worming medication) allowed for label claims to protect against hookworm and roundworm infections.
Treatment involves deworming with one of several products:
mebendazole (Telmintic ®), fenbendazole (Panacur ®), or pyrantel pamoate (Nemex ®, Drontal ®, or Strongid T ®).
Treatment involves deworming with one of several products:
mebendazole (Telmintic ®), fenbendazole (Panacur ®), pyrantel pamoate (Nemex ®, Drontal ®, or Strongid T ®).
Worm infestations, such as hook worms and round worms should be treated with antihelmintics, such as oxfandazole,
mebendazole and febantel etc..
Common parasiticides for treatment are fenbendazole and
mebendazole; common brands of such medicines include Panacur, Drontal Plus, Telmintic and Vercom Paste.
Reducing intestinal nematode infection: efficacy of albendazole and
mebendazole (Review).