Sentences with phrase «mechanisms of cognitive»
Neural mechanisms of cognitive reappraisal of negative self - beliefs in social anxiety disorder
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Here are a few of the labs and research centers that include schizophrenia as one of their primary areas of inquiry: Duke Schizophrenia Research Group The Schizophrenia Research Group at Duke University in Durham, NC, focuses on the mechanisms of cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia.
Blood Flow Biomarkers Measured with Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Elucidate Mechanisms of Cognitive Dysfunction After Repetitive Concussion
Carter uses methods from cognitive neuroscience including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and conducts basic research into the neural mechanisms of cognitive control as well as clinical and translational research in schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
Progress in this research project has the potential to provide insights into large - scale circuit mechanisms of cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia and other mental disorders.
We aim to identify molecular, circuit, and network mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction and to develop novel therapeutic approaches to restore brain functions in AD and related disorders.
«We are currently in the process of identifying differences in gene expression and neuroanatomy in these birds to better understand the neural mechanisms of these cognitive deficits,» says Roth.
Kessler Foundation scientists have shown that working memory may be an underlying mechanism of cognitive reserve in multiple sclerosis (MS).
These observations raise the possibility that aberrant neuronal activity in AD is a primary upstream mechanism of cognitive dysfunction.
Findings underscore the role of the caudate nucleus in the mechanism of cognitive fatigue in traumatic brain injury
Not exact matches
«The rapid and accurate perception of male sexual orientation may be just another symptom of a fast and efficient cognitive mechanism for perceiving the characteristics of others,» wrote study authors Nicholas O. Rule and Nalini Ambady.
Regardless of the specific mechanism at play in our bodies, the most recent recommendations suggest that working out twice a week may be beneficial in curbing some symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a stage that precedes the development of Alzheimer's in some older people.
Cognitive dissonance (except when required as a survival mechanism in cases of severe trauma) is a sign of mental illness.
A page on cognitive mechanisms of the brain explains them all as hallucinations, and «that is really all that needs to be said about personal «experiences» of gods or other religious phenomena,» he airily concludes.
Post-partum depression poses substantial adverse consequences for mothers and their infants via multiple direct biological (i.e., medication exposure, maternal genetic factors) and environmental (i.e., life with a depressed mother) mechanisms.8, 9 From the earliest newborn period, infants are very sensitive to the emotional states of their mothers and other caregivers.10, 11 Maternal mood and behaviour appear to compromise infant social, emotional and cognitive functioning.11 - 15 As children grow, the impact of maternal mental illness appears as cognitive compromise, insecure attachment and behavioural difficulties during the preschool and school periods.6,16 - 19
Physical punishment is associated with a range of mental health problems in children, youth and adults, including depression, unhappiness, anxiety, feelings of hopelessness, use of drugs and alcohol, and general psychological maladjustment.26 — 29 These relationships may be mediated by disruptions in parent — child attachment resulting from pain inflicted by a caregiver, 30,31 by increased levels of cortisol32 or by chemical disruption of the brain's mechanism for regulating stress.33 Researchers are also finding that physical punishment is linked to slower cognitive development and adversely affects academic achievement.34 These findings come from large longitudinal studies that control for a wide range of potential confounders.35 Intriguing results are now emerging from neuroimaging studies, which suggest that physical punishment may reduce the volume of the brain's grey matter in areas associated with performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS - III).36 In addition, physical punishment can cause alterations in the dopaminergic regions associated with vulnerability to the abuse of drugs and alcohol.37
«Is it possible that very different brain mechanisms for complex cognitive processes have developed independently in birds and in mammals in the 300 million years of their existence?»
The research was done in collaboration with the Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, a cross-university research and educational program between Carnegie Mellon and the University of Pittsburgh that leverages each institution's strengths to investigate the cognitive and neural mechanisms that give rise to biological intelligence and behavior.
«While rodents are essential for understanding mechanisms at a cellular or molecular level, at a higher cognitive level, the best you could do was a sort of rough analogy.
The study showed that increased cognitive arousal prior to sleep (i.e., being mentally alert) is the mechanism explaining the effects of binge viewing on sleep quality.
«This gives us evidence of the mechanisms by which nutrition affects intelligence and motivates promising new directions for future research in nutritional cognitive neuroscience.»
But nearly all of these drugs have severe cognitive side effects, which led researchers to speculate that some other mechanism must also be involved.
«The truth is that those same cognitive mechanisms push all of our buttons.»
The field of cognitive neuroscience concerns the scientific study of the neural mechanisms underlying cognition and is a branch of neuroscience.
More specifically, the project, entitled Active, Fit and Smart (AFIS), will look into the links between physical activity, fitness and the cognitive prerequisites of learning and into the mechanisms influencing these links.
In a new paper published in the journal Trends in Neurosciences, University of Miami (UM) College of Arts & Sciences researchers clarify many of the concepts surrounding cognitive flexibility and propose a model of its underlying neural mechanisms.
The findings could provide insight into the evolutionary mechanisms affecting cognitive traits in a range of animals.
A sense of humor — especially adult humor — requires cognitive mechanisms that may or may not be present in other species.
«There is still a chasm between neuro - cognitive explanations of autistic symptoms and mechanisms in terms of cell structure,» she says.
The roadmap outlines future research directions toward the goal of enhancing human radioresistance, including upregulation of endogenous repair and radioprotective mechanisms, possible leeways into gene therapy in order to enhance radioresistance via the translation of exogenous and engineered DNA repair and radioprotective mechanisms, the substitution of organic molecules with fortified isoforms, the coordination of regenerative and ablative technologies, and methods of slowing metabolic activity while preserving cognitive function.
Wong hopes future research will address how sleep difficulties and deprivation may affect brain mechanisms, which in turn influence control of affect, cognitive processes, and behavior.
«Understanding the nature of the cognitive impairment and the underlying biological mechanisms are essential to the development of an effective treatment for chemo brain.
The results support the idea that primates have built - in mechanisms for recognizing a very specific threat based on its shape, says Isabelle Blanchette, a cognitive psychologist at the University of Quebec, Trois - Rivières, in Canada who studies the role of emotion in how we process information.
As a Ph.D. candidate in cognitive and neural systems at Boston University, he began developing large - scale models of the brain that could be used to understand neural mechanisms.
«We are equipped with cognitive mechanisms devoted to this type of cue because the ability to recognise, for example, the «mafia man,» the «criminal» or the «policeman» can save our lives.»
«The idea is that this is the mechanism that allows you to find things when you know what they are but you don't know where they are,» says John Serences, a cognitive scientist at the University of California, Irvine, and co-author of one of the new reports.
Damian Bailey, a physiologist at the University of South Wales, Pontypridd, in the United Kingdom and the project's lead scientist, hopes the risky experiment will yield new information about how the human body responds to low - oxygen conditions, and how similar mechanisms might drive cognitive decline with aging.
While it's known that exercise can boost cognitive function and lessen symptoms of neurological diseases like depression, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease, the mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear.
Among their findings, the new articles report on underlying mechanisms of the diet; the positive relationship between the diet and physical and cognitive function; the value of taking a coenzyme Q10 supplement while adhering to the diet; and the role of the diet in reducing inflammation.
«We believe that these severe responses are connected to a type of emotional / general cognitive strategy used by MS patients, possibly emerging as a mechanism to cope with their medical condition and the many challenges that are associated with it,» says Ezequiel Gleichgerrcht, a neurologist and researcher at the Medical University of South Carolina.
In recent years birdsong has become the focus of many scientists interested in the cognitive, neural, genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying human speech and language.
In terms of the evolution of sociality, we examine underlying physiological and cognitive mechanisms that may explain links between stress, social bonds and cooperation, between non-kin as well as kin.
Our research is focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms of memory and how these mechanisms are disrupted in a variety of cognitive disorders.
Her doctoral work explored the mechanisms of action of a novel antidepressant treatment — transcranial direct current stimulation — using cognitive neuropsychological tasks, stress...
Importantly, these studies provide the foundation for the in vivo characterization of the mechanisms that contribute to drug - induced cognitive impairments that will greatly facilitate the design and testing of therapeutic interventions to ameliorate excessive impulsivity that sabotages attempts at prolonged drug abstinence.
Her research studies, investigating the mechanisms of and treatments for cognitive dysfunction in the setting of epilepsy, have been funded by federal, foundation, and industry grants.
As an Associate Professor at OSU, my research has been concentrated in the areas of aging, neuroimmunology, and neurotrauma.Overall, my research aim is to determine the degree to which the bi-directional communication between the brain and the immune system is affected by age, stress, and traumatic CNS injury and to delineate the mechanism by which inflammatory cytokine pathways cause long - lasting complications (e.g., cognitive decline and depression).
The HFSP supports novel, innovative and interdisciplinary basic research focused on the complex mechanisms of living organisms; topics range from molecular and cellular approaches to systems and cognitive neuroscience and the interactions between organisms.
Musen emphasizes that it is important to study both the structural and functional aspects of the brain in cognitive decline, explaining that, «We look at the correlation between the two because if a correlation exists, then it might suggest a common set of mechanisms underlying brain structure and function raising the possibility that similar treatments may be useful for improving both.»
Finally, Dr. Parsons embarked on a series of studies to characterize the neural mechanisms that underlie persistent cognitive impairments, including excessive impulsivity and impaired cognitive flexibility, that are associated with long - term drug use.