Sentences with phrase «medial prefrontal»
Value computations in ventral medial prefrontal cortex during charitable decision making incorporate input from regions involved in social cognition
http://www.pnas.org/
In this model, the cognitive control system including prefrontal and parietal regions and the anterior cingulate is crucial to decision - making but is functionally dominated by a second affective system that includes regions which are important to processing reward and social and emotional salience, including but not limited to the amygdala, ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, and the superior temporal sulcus.
The brain region associated with interpersonal trust — known as the medial prefrontal cortex — is powered by the neurotransmitter serotonin.
The medial prefrontal cortex in particular has been implicated in emotional self - regulation [87], general self - referential activities [88] and emotion - related decision making [89].
Enhanced amygdala and medial prefrontal activation during nonconscious processing of fear in posttraumatic stress disorder: An fMRI study
A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex responses to overtly presented fearful faces in posttraumatic stress disorder
The second is the Medial Prefrontal Cortex (MPFC), which helps to reduce the fear response created by the Amygdala.
This pathway connects the medial prefrontal cortex (which deals with self - knowledge and awareness of oneself) to the ventral striatum (which deals with feelings of motivation, positivity, and sense of reward).
High frequency heart rate variability evoked by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the medial prefrontal cortex: A preliminary investigation on brain processing of acute stressor - evoked cardiovascular reactivity
Recent cross-cultural neuroimaging evidence demonstrates cultural specificity in amygdala response to fear faces (Chiao et al. 2008) as well as modulation of medial prefrontal response during self - relevant processing as a function of individualistic and collectivistic cultural values (Chiao et al. 2009a, b).
This is where the frontostriatal pathway comes into play, connecting the medial prefrontal cortex — where some aspects of self - awareness reside — to the ventrostriatal pathway, which is part of the motivation and reward circuit.
Rostral anterior cingulate cortex activity mediates the relationship between the depressive symptoms and the medial prefrontal cortex activity.
Influence of Naturally Occurring Variations in Maternal Care on Prepulse Inhibition of Acoustic Startle and the Medial Prefrontal Cortical Dopamine Response to Stress in Adult Rats
Reversibility of apical dendritic retraction in the rat medial prefrontal cortex following repeated stress
The amygdalocentric model of PTSD proposes that it is associated with hyperarousal of the amygdala and insufficient top - down control by the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus.
«In all experiments, closeness but not similarity appeared to drive responses in medial prefrontal regions and associated regions throughout the brain,» Krienen said.
Our data indicate that spontaneous improvisation, independent of the degree of musical complexity, is characterized by widespread deactivation of lateral portions of the prefrontal cortex together with focal activation of medial prefrontal cortex.
These conjunctions reveal broad deactivation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for both paradigms (n = 6) as well as focal activation of the medial prefrontal cortex in Jazz (n = 5) and Scale (n = 4) paradigms.
Upon engraftment into the medial prefrontal cortex in rats, the homolog of the human anterior cingulate cortex, the cells assumed neuronal morphologies, expressed monoaminergic - specific proteins, and seemed to functionally integrate, as assessed by the upregulation of the immediate - early gene, cfos.
By employing two paradigms that differed widely in musical complexity, we found that improvisation (compared to production of over-learned musical sequences) was consistently characterized by a dissociated pattern of activity in the prefrontal cortex: extensive deactivation of dorsolateral prefrontal and lateral orbital regions with focal activation of the medial prefrontal (frontal polar) cortex.
The BLA was differentially connected with primary and higher - order sensory and medial prefrontal cortices.
Repeated stress alters dendritic spine morphology in the rat medial prefrontal cortex.
At baseline, older adults showed significantly decreased hippocampal connectivity with medial prefrontal and parahippocampal cortex, and increased hippocampal connectivity with posterior cingulate, precuneus, and parietal cortex, relative to young adults (n = 16, age range: 18 - 34 years).
Several groups have reported that a particular set of brain regions, including the posterior cingulate cortex and the medial prefrontal cortex, among others, is consistently deactivated.
Specifically, FC decreases were identified in regions implicated in episodic memory (EM) processing (posteromedial cortex, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and angular gyrus), whereas connectivity increases were detected in dorsal and anterior medial prefrontal and lateral temporal cortices.
Recently, fMRI has been adapted to examine connectivity within a specific resting - state neural network — the default - mode network — that includes medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices.
The default - mode network (DMN) is a prominent network which includes the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), medial temporal lobes (MTL), and angular gyrus (AG).
We found increased neural activity in the visual cortex, and decreased medial prefrontal activity, when participants made more fixations to the videos.
Tapocik JD, Barbier E, Flanigan M, Solomon M, Pincus A, Pilling A et al. microRNA - 206 in rat medial prefrontal cortex regulates BDNF expression and alcohol drinking.
These 2 modalities were used to investigate connectivity within the default mode network, a set of brain regions — including medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), medial temporal lobes (MTLs), and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) / retropslenial cortex (RSC)-- implicated in episodic memory processing.
Hyperconnectivity and slow synapses during early development of medial prefrontal cortex in a mouse model for mental retardation and autism.
Illness progression, recent stress and morphometry of hippocampal subfields and medial prefrontal cortex in major depression.
Doherty, J.M., Cooke, B.M., Frantz, K.J. (2013) Attenuated Fos immunoreactivity in prelimbic and infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex during heroin - seeking behavior in adolescent vs. adult male rats.
Title: Dissociation between memory retention across a delay and pattern separation following medial prefrontal cortex lesions in the touchscreen TUNL Task Author: K. A. L. McAllister et al..
The hubs of connectivity that Dresler mentioned are diffused and widespread, though one noticeable path extended to the medial prefrontal cortex, which is known to be active when individuals relate new knowledge to pre-existing knowledge.
Her thesis was entitled «Synaptic changes in the medial prefrontal cortex in susceptibility and resilience to stress.»
«The medial prefrontal region that responded to graphic warning labels in this study has been previously associated with self - relevant processing,» Green adds.
Recruitment of medial prefrontal cortex neurons during alcohol withdrawal predicts cognitive impairment and excessive alcohol drinking.
The most prominent effects between full - scale IQ and normalized path length were found in medial prefrontal gyrus (Brodmann area 9/10, r = − 0.75, p = 0.001, df = 18, yellow box), precuneus / posterior cingulate gyrus (BA 7/31, r = − 0.55, p = 0.014, df = 18, orange box), and bilateral inferior parietal regions (BA 39/40, right inferior parietal: r = − 0.72, p = 0.001, df = 18 depicted in red box; left inferior parietal: r = − 0.68, p = 0.001, df = 18).
Although activity in the rat medial prefrontal cortex correlated with the movement, some neurons in this area seemed to be linked to motivation.
In the new study, Ron and first author Emmanuel Darcq, PhD, a former postdoctoral fellow now at McGill University in Canada, found that when mice consumed excessive amounts of alcohol for a prolonged period, there was a marked decrease in the amount of BDNF in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region important for decision making.
Most prominent effects between IQ and the level of global connectivity efficiency (as expressed by a shorter node specific normalized path length) were found in the medial prefrontal cortex (yellow box), bilateral inferior parietal cortex (red box depicts effect in right hemisphere), and precuneus / posterior cingulate regions (orange box) of the functional brain network.
Strong associations between full - scale IQ and individual normalized path length were found in medial prefrontal gyrus, precuneus / posterior cingulate gyrus, and bilateral inferior parietal regions (Fig. 3).
«It's possible within the population that we see of healthy young adults, a more pruned structural connection between the amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex is indicative of a more developed connection and one that might be more effective or efficient, and thus lead to greater communication between the two areas.»
They also saw in the gamblers» brains more synchronized activity between the amygdala and another region, called the medial prefrontal cortex.
Mitchell, J. P., Macrae, C. N., & Banaji, M. R. Dissociable Medial Prefrontal Contributions to Judgments of Similar and Dissimilar Others.
The medial prefrontal cortex, associated with self - awareness and emotional regulation, quickly lit up in angry brooders.
The more social sins (pride, envy, lust, wrath) recruit the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), brain terrain just behind the forehead, which helps shape the awareness of self.
She says another brain region (the medial prefrontal cortex) involved in sizing up others went wild when players were shown photos of competitors who outperformed them.
These neurons, located in a region of the brain known as the medial prefrontal cortex (green, left image), become hyperactive in depressed mice (right panel is close - up of left, yellow indicates activation).