Sentences with phrase «mice during infections»

Mice genetically engineered not to produce a key cytokine (TNF - alpha) fared no better than normal mice during infections.

Not exact matches

The researchers used mice that were susceptible to DENV infection via the skin and inoculated amounts of virus and saliva thought to resemble actual amounts transferred during a mosquito bite.

Among mice that had antibodies, i.e., during antibody - enhanced infection, the researchers found that the addition of saliva extract caused more severe disease than virus alone.

The study examined specific immune pathways known to be activated during flu infections in both humans and mice, which makes the findings relevant to children.

Long after the treatments were applied, during a time point in mice that approximates young adulthood in humans, the investigators examined the impact of the simulated infections on the brain, comparing their results to those from mice that had received inactive injections.

«Despite the low infection levels of mouse cells with oHSV, we were able to cause a delay in tumor growth in one of the cancer models and even cure many of the mice in a second model,» said first author Jennifer Leddon, who conducted much of the laboratory work during a research experience in the Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases.

The researchers also infected pregnant mice that had the receptor for type I interferons with a viral mimic — a bit of genetic material that goads the body to begin its antiviral immune response — to see if the damage happened only during a Zika infection.

Using a mouse model of HSV - 1 as well as autopsied samples of human adult and fetal tissues, investigators from Dartmouth College's Geisel School of Medicine found that antibodies against HSV - 1 produced by adult women or female mice could travel to the nervous systems of their yet unborn babies, preventing the development and spread of infection during birth.

Using a single - cell adoptive transfer and spleen biopsy method, we found that in mice, essentially all microbe - specific naïve cells produced memory cells during infection.

They systematically deleted genes for secreted effector proteins — molecules that the parasite injects into a host cell to modulate the immune system during infection — and injected the altered parasites into mice with aggressive ovarian cancer.

In mouse models of disease, Yale researchers looked at the effects of providing nutrients during infection and found opposing effects depending on whether the infections were bacterial or viral.

Following transmission by mosquitoes, the early specific (also called adaptive) immune response to WNV is thought to be dominated by antibodies, and, consistent with this, the researchers found that older mice had less potent WNV - specific antibody responses during the early phase of infection.

During their study of Zika infection in pregnant mice, the authors found built - up immunity in previously infected mothers that continued into pregnancy and protected fetal tissues.

To the researchers» surprise, the mice subjected to both prenatal infection and stress during puberty showed far greater behavioral deficits and cellular changes in brain regions relevant to schizophrenia than those that had been exposed to infection or stress alone.

The researchers manipulated a nutrient in the drinking water of mice that is used by malaria parasites during an infection — just as a gardener might manipulate nutrients through fertilizers to favor certain plants.

They found that susceptibility to Zika virus infection was markedly reduced in mice that had previously cleared a prior infection compared to those undergoing a first infection during pregnancy.

In one group of mice, he and his colleagues dosed their mothers with a synthetic compound that simulates a mild viral infection during late pregnancy; when their offspring hit early puberty at about 6 weeks of age, the young mice were exposed to unpredictable stress, such as being restrained, deprived of water, or given electric foot shocks.

Now, the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology Team at the Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, headed by Professor Cevayir COBAN, have used mouse malaria models to show that robust immune activation and invasion of parasite by - products into the bone marrow during and after malaria infection leads to an adverse balance in bone homeostasis - a process usually tightly controlled - by bone forming osteoblasts and bone resorbing osteoclasts.

Intriguingly, the efficiency of viral transmission declined during estrus in mice, providing evidence that the hormonal environment in the female reproductive tract can impact on host susceptibility to HIV infection.

Overall, the study allowed the PNNL researchers to follow the rise and fall of the infecting bacteria, the fall and rise during recovery of the commensal bacteria, and changes to the gut as the mice fended off the infection.

To investigate the role of CD8 + T cells during primary Zika infections, postdoctoral researcher and first author Annie Elong Ngono, Ph.D., blocked the receptor for interferon 1 (IFNAR) with IFNAR - blocking antibodies, which makes mice susceptible to infection with Zika virus.

Selective Modulation of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 and Flavin Monooxygenase 3 Expression during Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Severe Combined Immune - Deficient Mice.

Of note today: non-exclusive breastfeeding increases the risk of HIV transmission via the alteration of gut microbiome / T - cell activation; Fasting altered the gut microbiome in beneficial ways but only in mice previously fed a high fat diet; An investigation into new species of the honey and bumblebee gut commensal genus Gilliamella; Catfish development shapes gut microbial community structure independent of diet; A metagenomic analysis of the skin microbiome of the frog, Craugastor fitzingeri; The microbiome is altered during the bioremediation of herbicide contaminated soil; The impact of urban density on the soil microbiome; A randomized placebo controlled clinical trial of a microbiota based drug for the prevention of Clostridium difficile Infection; and the virome of the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin of Mexico

Interferon Regulatory Transcription Factor 3 Protects Mice from Uterine Horn Pathology during Chlamydia muridarum Genital Infection.

We next investigated the parasite load and the immune response in the brains of mice infected with attenuated Type I and Type III parasites during chronic infection.

[B] Representative heat maps of mouse place preference during a 60 - minute trial of (i) uninfected mice exposed to rabbit urine, and (ii) uninfected, (iii) attenuated Type I - infected, and (iv) low - virulence Type III - infected mice exposed to bobcat urine from trials conducted at 2 months post infection.

This suggests that T. gondii - mediated interruption of mouse innate aversion toward cat urine may occur during early acute infection in a permanent manner, not requiring persistence of parasite cysts or continuing brain inflammation.

The paper reports that mice born to mothers who have had an infection during pregnancy show both an increase in gut problems and behavioural changes related to autism.

As anticipated, mice infected with Type II parasites succumbed to infection during both the acute and chronic phase.

Although vaccination induces an inflammatory response during pregnancy, the magnitude and the duration of response is much lower and shorter, respectively, for influenza vaccination than viral infection.27 Like infection, influenza vaccination during pregnancy has been reported to induce a transient increase in the levels of a number of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and C - reactive protein.27 - 30 Studies on mice found an association between high interleukin - 6 levels during pregnancy and abnormal behavior and brain structure.19 However, in epidemiological studies, associations between maternal cytokine levels and ASD have been mixed.

Therefore, we have been using our mouse models to understand the mechanisms by which type I IFN contributes to antiviral immunity during DENV and ZIKV infection.

On the basis of studies on the XMRV - producing human prostate cancer cell lines CWR22Rν1 and CWR - R1 and their progenitor tumour xenograft CRW22, they concluded that XMRV infections were caused by contamination during in vivo passaging in nude mice.

This strain showed a highly virulent phenotype, with rapid multiplication during the early stage of infection in a murine model of TB with excessive lung inflammation, and infection with this strain resulted in more rapid death of mice than infection with the reference H37Rv strain.

We have studied the transcriptome, proteome and metabolic flux of Salmonella, and the transcriptome of the host during infection of wild type C57BL / 6 and immune - deficient gp91 - / - phox mice.

By using single - cell transcriptomics and computational analysis using a temporal mixtures of Gaussian processes model, termed GPfates, we reconstructed the developmental trajectories of Th1 and Tfh cells during blood - stage Plasmodium infection in mice.

Temporal Expression Analysis of the Borrelia burgdorferi Paralogous Gene Family 54 Genes BBA64, BBA65, and BBA66 during Persistent Infection in Mice

No deaths occurred during the pretransmission experiments, but in addition to the one death that occurred early in the infection prior to the occurrence of any weight loss or anemia (excluded from analyses), five occurred in the posttransmission experiment, four of these in naïve mice (two in the N - lines, one in the I - lines, and one in the nontransmitted ancestral line, all derived from the preadapted line) and one in an immunized mouse (preadapted, nontransmitted ancestral line).