There isn't just one vast smear of
microbial life where all shapes, sizes, body features and chemistry can be found in any old mix.
Not exact matches
We looked at their DNA instead, which we filtered out of the water, to determine
where these things fit in with other sorts of
microbial life.
At the University of Innsbruck, Austria,
where ice and
life are her topics, Birgit Sattler's research looks at
microbial diversity in alpine, arctic, and antarctic environments.
According to the researchers, the proposed technique could be possible to perform with instrumentation already planned for the NASA 2020 rover mission to explore areas of Mars
where the ancient environment could have fostered
microbial life.
There's also ancient crust exposed
where there may have been
microbial life.
That's precisely because these may mark sites
where Earth - like habitable conditions formerly prevailed, and may have once hosted
microbial life just like Earth.
Collaborators at Human Longevity, Inc. sequenced the
microbial genes extracted from each participant's stool sample and used that information to determine which species were
living where, and the relative abundance of each.
Goordial, a post-doctoral fellow in the Department of Natural Resource Sciences at McGill University has spent the past four years looking for signs of active
microbial life in permafrost soil taken from one of the coldest, oldest and driest places on Earth: in University Valley, located in the high elevation McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica,
where extremely cold and dry conditions have persisted for over 150,000 years.
More recently, however,
microbial life found around hydrothermal vent ecosystems (i.e., the «Lost City» found in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is cooler than those found at «black smokers») indicate that Carbon - 13 is not selected against Carbon - 12 in hydrogen - rich environments
where microbial life is starved of carbon, essentially in the form of carbon dioxide (Alexander S. Bradley, Scientific American, December 2009: pp. 62 - 67).
This interface impacts areas as diverse as prolonging lithium - ion battery
life, designing catalytic reactions that can convert biomass to biofuels, and extracellular electron transfer in
microbial communities
where bacteria catalyze electrode surfaces and shuttle electrons externally, as in a
microbial fuel cell.
The discovery pushes back the earliest known existence of
microbial life on land by at least 580 million years, and raises an intriguing question —
where did
life first emerge, on land or in the oceans?