Sentences with phrase «microcephaly by»

In November, Brazilian researchers detected the Zika virus genome in amniotic fluid samples from two women whose fetuses were been diagnosed with microcephaly by ultrasound exams, the Pan American Health Organization reported.

Although most infants had microcephaly by head circumference measure, some patients had a measurement that was consistent with their gestational age, as brain atrophy was compensated by an enlargement in ventricular size.19

«Zika virus may cause microcephaly by hijacking human immune molecule: Fetal brain model provides first clues on how Zika virus blunts brain development; blocking mechanism reduces cell damage.»

Diagnosis of microcephaly by ultrasound is not always straightforward and can be complex.

Not exact matches

The outbreak of Zika, a mosquito - borne disease, was detected last year in Brazil, where it has been linked to more than 1,700 cases of microcephaly, a birth defect marked by small head size that can lead to severe developmental problems.

The study, published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases journal, was requested by the Brazilian health ministry to investigate the causes of the microcephaly epidemic that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an international public health emergency earlier this year.

The number of babies born with microcephaly in northeast Brazil, the country hardest hit by the Zika outbreak, has increased about 40-fold from baseline levels in the last six months, according to reports from Brazil's Ministry of Health.

Earlier on Friday, U.S. health officials published a study estimating that as many as 270 babies in Puerto Rico may be born with the severe birth defect known as microcephaly caused by Zika infections in their mothers during pregnancy.

U.S. health officials have concluded that Zika infections in pregnant women can cause microcephaly, a birth defect marked by small head size that can lead to severe developmental problems in babies.

Health officials on Friday reported the first baby born in New York City with the Zika - related birth defect known as microcephaly, a condition marked by an abnormally small head and impaired brain development.

The scientists rescued the microcephaly during mouse embryonic development by removing a protein that caused the loss of stem cells.

One such pseudoscientific claim was that microcephaly is caused by the MMR vaccine and pharmaceutical companies are blaming Zika virus in order to profit from selling Zika vaccines.

Spread by mosquitos and through sexual intercourse, Zika virus has also been linked to babies being born with small heads and brains — a condition called microcephaly.

Using human fetal «mini-brains» grown in 3 - D cultures, scientists determined that a specific protein produced by the Zika virus changes the properties of neural stem cells in the developing brain of an infected fetus, potentially causing microcephaly in newborns (Ki - Jun Yoon, abstract 103.06, see attached summary).

The name was proposed by the team who confirmed that the virus causes damage beyond microcephaly — the first fetal condition to be linked to the virus.

Furthermore, the defects observed are specific to an infection by ZIKV, as other neurotropical viruses of the flavivirus family (West Nile virus, yellow fever,...) did not cause microcephaly, in contrast to Zika virus.

The news, reported in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), may help resolve a puzzle: After Brazil, Colombia is the country that has been hardest hit by the mosquito - borne disease, yet it appeared to have far fewer microcephaly cases per capita than its southern neighbor.

In their most impressive experiment, the scientists derived organoids from the skin cells of a person affected by microcephaly.

«Thus, it is tempting to speculate that the alterations induced by Zika virus on the host cytoskeleton might be connected to the underlying physio - pathological mechanisms that link congenital Zika virus infections to microcephaly and neurodegenerative disorders.»

The team's results may begin to answer an outstanding question from the Zika epidemic: Why have Zika - related microcephaly and other brain abnormalities been seen in areas hard - hit by outbreaks in the past few years but not in the decades following the virus's discovery in 1947?

The MMWR update, co-authored by scientists from CDC and Colombia's ministry of health and national institute of health, offers «preliminary information» about 476 cases of microcephaly identified over the last 11 months.

In Brazil, the country hit hardest by the epidemic so far, there have been 6,906 suspected cases of microcephaly as of April 2, 2016.

An association between Zika infections during pregnancy and the birth of babies with microcephaly (a birth defect in which an infant's brain does not develop properly resulting in a smaller than normal head) was first suggested by Brazilian physicians in August 2015, and in November microcephaly cases potentially associated with Zika started to be recorded; three months later WHO made its announcement.

By February 2016, the World Health Organization had declared the epidemic a global public health emergency, based largely on the virus» newly - established link to microcephaly and other major birth defects in babies born to infected mothers.

The approach enabled a wide range of studies of human brain development, including implicating a new class of neural stem cell recently discovered by the lab in the evolutionary expansion of the human brain and identifying how the mosquito - borne Zika virus may contribute to microcephaly in infants infected in utero.

Previously, children with typical facial features, growth restriction and / or microcephaly (small head size) could be given a diagnosis of FASD without neurobehavioral impairment (i.e., behavioral or cognitive abnormalities that can not be explained by genetics, family background, or environment).

«While this study doesn't definitely prove that Zika virus causes microcephaly, it's very telling that the cells that form the cortex are potentially susceptible to the virus, and their growth could be disrupted by the virus.»

Studying a new type of pinhead - size, lab - grown brain made with technology first suggested by three high school students, Johns Hopkins researchers have confirmed a key way in which Zika virus causes microcephaly and other damage in fetal brains: by infecting specialized stem cells that build its outer layer, the cortex.

We next estimated the maximum number of births potentially affected by ZIKV in Latin America, as this region is the focus of the recent outbreak and the first to point to a possible association with microcephaly in newborn infants to mothers infected with ZIKV.

Although Zika infections typically cause only mild symptoms, concerns have been heightened by Brazil's reports of an unusual increase in microcephaly — unusually small head size — in babies born in areas where the virus is circulating.

Children born to mothers infected with Zika can develop microcephaly, a severe disease characterized by abnormally small heads and severe neurologic disabilities.

This condition, which can be caused by a number of infections, is known as microcephaly (My - kro - SEFF - uh - lee).

The studies add to the understanding of how the virus appears to be linked to the thousands of babies in Brazil who are being born with microcephaly, a condition marked by an abnormally small head and that appear to be accompanied by brain defects in many cases related to Zika.

These mutations cause a severe developmental disorder characterized by growth retardation, microcephaly and skeletal deformities.

In addition, the mechanism by which the ZIKV infection can cause fetal brain damage is not known, and some reports suggest that the virus is able to evade the normal immunoprotective responses of the placenta.15 Zika virus is not the only pathogen associated with neonate microcephaly.

If microcephaly was being driven by some particularly nasty mutation, the cases would be more clustered together (on the tree, if not necessarily in space and time).

Although many of the components of this syndrome, such as cognitive, sensory, and motor disabilities, are shared by other congenital infections, 5 features differentiate CZS from other congenital infections: (1) severe microcephaly with partially collapsed skull; (2) thin cerebral cortices with subcortical calcifications; (3) macular scarring and focal pigmentary retinal mottling; (4) congenital contractures; and (5) marked early hypertonia with symptoms of extrapyramidal involvement (Table).

«We are also launching further studies to determine whether children who have microcephaly born to mothers infected by the Zika virus is the tip of the iceberg of what we could see in damaging effects on the brain and other developmental problems.»

Understanding Zika's mechanisms will illuminate how viral infection leads to birth defects such as microcephaly, a condition marked by an abnormally small head and brain size, and could inform the development of therapies and vaccines, the study authors said.

The authors note their findings could downplay the frequency in which hearing loss occurs in children infected with Zika in the womb because they only tested children with microcephaly, which is characterized by an abnormally small head and in some cases brain damage.

Brazil is the country hit hardest by Zika, with thousands of cases of microcephaly reported so far.