Sentences with phrase «microcephaly reported»

Brazil is the country hit hardest by Zika, with thousands of cases of microcephaly reported so far.

Among cases of microcephaly reported in Colombia so far this year, four babies had laboratory evidence of a Zika virus infection.

Structural eye anomalies (in particular, microphthalmia and coloboma), cataracts, intraocular calcifications, and posterior ocular findings have been reported in infants with presumed and laboratory - confirmed prenatal ZIKV infection; however, posterior findings have been the most prevalent.21,25,28,33,35,36,41 - 43 Case series report chorioretinal atrophy, focal pigmentary mottling of the retina, and optic nerve atrophy / anomalies.28, 34,37,41 - 43,55 Series of 20 or more infants with presumed ZIKV - associated microcephaly report ocular findings in 24 % to 55 %.28, 33,42 In one study, testing for ZIKV IgM was performed in 24 of 40 infants (60 %) with microcephaly and the results were positive in the cerebrospinal fluid in 100 % of those tested.42 The proportion of infants with ocular lesions did not differ in those with and without testing.42 In that series, first trimester maternal infection and smaller head circumference significantly correlated with the presence of abnormal ocular findings.42

Not exact matches

The agency said there have been recent variations in the number of cases reported in the region and, while the level of risk is unknown, Zika virus infection during pregnancy causes severe birth defects, including microcephaly and other severe brain abnormalities.

The number of babies born with microcephaly in northeast Brazil, the country hardest hit by the Zika outbreak, has increased about 40-fold from baseline levels in the last six months, according to reports from Brazil's Ministry of Health.

Menabde said currently 34 countries had reported the Zika virus outbreak, mostly in the Americas and Caribbean, and seven reported an increase in cases of microcephaly.

Health officials on Friday reported the first baby born in New York City with the Zika - related birth defect known as microcephaly, a condition marked by an abnormally small head and impaired brain development.

A 2006 study of 77 pregnant women infected with West Nile virus reported that two had infants with microcephaly, the birth defect lately associated with Zika that results in unusually small and damaged brains.

In 2016, Colombia saw a surge in babies with microcephaly — more than four times the number reported in the previous year.

As we report in a collection of stories, much remains unclear, including the relationship between Zika infection and microcephaly and how best to combat the mosquitoes that spread the disease.

The news, reported in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), may help resolve a puzzle: After Brazil, Colombia is the country that has been hardest hit by the mosquito - borne disease, yet it appeared to have far fewer microcephaly cases per capita than its southern neighbor.

A far higher number of babies in Colombia have developed microcephaly related to Zika virus infections than previously reported.

In contrast, the latest World Health Organization (WHO) «situation report,» with data current to 7 December, said that Colombia had only reported 60 cases of microcephaly or central nervous system malformations potentially linked to Zika.

Now, it is being deployed to monitor the Zika as it spreads beyond Brazil, where reports last August of fetal deaths and newborns with brain disorders including microcephaly, a devastating condition that results in abnormally small brains and heads, began to trickle in.

He said Colombian health authorities would have to address questions about the timing of their reporting Zika - positive cases of microcephaly to WHO.

Earlier this year, the country's tally of microcephaly cases seemed smaller than expected, given the reported rise in Zika infections.

Colombia's dramatic uptick in microcephaly cases follows one reported in Brazil, which, in 2015, experienced a ninefold increase in cases compared with the previous 14 years.

The new report suggests that, as in Brazil, Zika virus bears blame for Colombia's microcephaly epidemic too.

He continues, «There is a clear temporal association between the increased reporting of cases of microcephaly and of GBS and the Zika virus outbreak.

As of March 30, the CDC has reported 312 cases of the Zika virus in the United States and heightened its efforts in response to Zika and the cases of microcephaly and other neurological disorders associated with the virus.

Even as the Zika virus becomes more prevalent — the Centers for Disease Control reports that the number of U.S. infants born with microcephaly and other birth defects is 20 times over the normal rate — researchers are still trying to fully pin down the identifying consequences of the viral infection.

The research team reported that evidence of microcephaly and related skull abnormalities was present in 70 percent of the infants studied, though often it was subtle.

Although Brazil is the only country to report a spike in microcephaly during the current outbreak, French Polynesia in 2014 saw a rise in this rare disorder concurrent with viral spread, Chan said.

In another paper, published yesterday in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, researchers from Brazil and the United States report that Zika virus was present in brain tissue from two newborns in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte who were born with microcephaly and died a few hours after Report, researchers from Brazil and the United States report that Zika virus was present in brain tissue from two newborns in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte who were born with microcephaly and died a few hours after report that Zika virus was present in brain tissue from two newborns in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte who were born with microcephaly and died a few hours after birth.

Since October, Brazil has reported more than 4,000 suspected cases of microcephaly in areas with Zika circulation.

Although Zika infections typically cause only mild symptoms, concerns have been heightened by Brazil's reports of an unusual increase in microcephaly — unusually small head size — in babies born in areas where the virus is circulating.

The report demonstrates phenotypic variability in regard to the presence of observed microcephaly as well as the degree of brain damage and affected brain structures with congenital ZIKV infection.

This prospective study was conducted in Campina Grande, the second largest city in the state of Paraíba, which has reported the second highest prevalence of microcephaly at birth in Brazil.

In November, Brazilian researchers detected the Zika virus genome in amniotic fluid samples from two women whose fetuses were been diagnosed with microcephaly by ultrasound exams, the Pan American Health Organization reported.

In addition, the mechanism by which the ZIKV infection can cause fetal brain damage is not known, and some reports suggest that the virus is able to evade the normal immunoprotective responses of the placenta.15 Zika virus is not the only pathogen associated with neonate microcephaly.

In the recent case series, most infants with probable congenital ZIKV infection were noted to have craniofacial disproportion (95.8 %) and, to a lesser degree, biparietal depression (83.3 %), prominent occiput (75 %), and excess nuchal skin (47.9 %).38 Features supportive of the FBDS phenotype scattered through published reports include redundant scalp, 27,36,39,41 occipital prominence and / or overlapping sutures,14,20,22 - 24, 26,27,38 and typical craniofacial appearance with disproportion.13, 27,33,34,40 The FBDS phenotype is also prevalent in ZIKV - related media.47 Among infants with severe microcephaly, the pattern appears to be consistent, although the degree of cranial vault deformation varies.

The 3 largest case series of infants with microcephaly also reporting congenital contractures found that, among 35, 48, and 52 infants with microcephaly and presumed congenital ZIKV infection, isolated clubfoot occurred in 14 %, 10.4 %, and 3.8 % and arthrogryposis in 11 %, 10.4 %, and 5.7 %, respectively.36 - 38 Among a series of 104 infants under clinical investigation, 7 (6.7 %) with presumed (5 infants) and laboratory - confirmed (2 infants) congenital ZIKV infection had arthrogryposis; 6 of these infants had a head circumference of at least 2 SD below the mean.41 All had bilateral congenital hip dislocation, which previously has been reported to occur in 30 % to 40 % of children with arthrogryposis of various etiologies and 3 of 7 had dislocation or partial dislocation of 1 or both knees.41, 57

So far, Colombia has reported 11 such cases of Zika - linked microcephaly.

Contracted through the bite of an infected mosquito or through sexual or other modes of transmission, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can be prenatally passed from mother to fetus.1 The virus was first identified in the region of the Americas in early 2015, when local transmission was reported in Brazil.2 Six months later, a notable increase in the number of infants with congenital microcephaly was observed in northeast Brazil.3, 4 Clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory evidence led investigators to conclude that intrauterine ZIKV infection was a cause of microcephaly and serious brain anomalies.5 - 7 However, as with other newly recognized teratogens, these features likely represent a portion of a broader spectrum.

In their follow up modelling study they reported Zika virus infection during the first trimester of pregnancy led to higher than expected rates of microcephaly.

The FBDS phenotype has been reported in an infant with laboratory - confirmed ZIKV infection, 13 in a neuroimaging report documenting cranial bone collapse in infants born to mothers with suspected ZIKV infection during pregnancy, 14 and a recent case series of infants with probable ZIKV - associated microcephaly.38 In 3 of the largest case series reporting 35, 48, and 104 infants primarily with suspected congenital ZIKV infection, 33,37,38 approximately two - thirds of infants had severe microcephaly.

Addressing the Zika outbreaks has been a challenge for health officials, and since the first microcephaly cases were reported in Brazil last year, there has been a nationwide effort to find practical solutions to the growing threat of the virus.

We report the integration of transcriptome sequencing (RNA - seq), which surveys all mRNAs to reveal functional impacts of variants at the transcription level, into the gene discovery framework for a unique human disease, microcephaly - micromelia syndrome (MMS).

However, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that if a pregnant woman contracts the virus, it can cause microcephaly in fetuses, resulting in small heads and brain damage.

Loss of function mutations in CTNNB1 have been reported in individuals with intellectual disability [MIM # 615075] associated with peripheral spasticity, microcephaly and central hypotonia, suggesting a recognisable phenotype associated with haploinsufficiency for this gene.

Results: Here, we report six patients with microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, including exophthalmos, nevus flammeus of the glabella and joint contractures with a suspected BOS posture in five out of six patients.

Eighty - five percent of the fetuses or infants with potentially Zika - associated birth defects in this report had brain abnormalities or microcephaly, with most having both microcephaly and specific brain abnormalities.

The included birth defects were based primarily on case reports of outcomes occurring in association with Zika virus infection during pregnancy; there is more evidence for some of these birth defects than for others, and a causal link has not been established for all.5,10,12,21 - 27 Because much of the focus to date has been on microcephaly and brain abnormalities, data were summarized in 2 mutually exclusive categories: (1) brain abnormalities with or without microcephaly regardless of the presence of additional birth defects and (2) neural tube defects and other early brain malformations, eye abnormalities, and other consequences of central nervous system dysfunction among those without evident brain abnormalities or microcephaly.

Since the Zika epidemic began last spring, it's believed there have been more than 5,600 suspected or confirmed cases of microcephaly in Brazil, the World Health Organization reported Friday.

Brazil has reported the vast majority of cases of a Zika - linked birth defect called microcephaly, which causes babies to be born with abnormally small heads and malformed brains.

«The emergence of Zika virus in the Americas has coincided with increased reports of babies born with microcephaly,» said study author Dr. Heron Werner Jr., of the radiology department at Rio de Janeiro's Clinica de Diagnostico por Imagem.

Eleven of these babies were diagnosed with microcephaly — an abnormally small head and brain — and other neurologic complications associated with Zika syndrome, the researchers reported.

On Wednesday, U.S. health officials reported that traces of the Zika virus had been identified in the tissue of two babies who died in Brazil from microcephaly.

Since evidence suggests that pregnant women with Zika but without symptoms can also have babies with microcephaly, the agency will now report all pregnant women with evidence of Zika virus.

Brazil, especially, has reported the vast majority of cases of Zika - linked microcephaly.