The study began in 2011 when Kudela's lab started monitoring for domoic acid and
microcystins in the water during regular water quality surveys conducted in San Francisco Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
This tiny chip can detect minute amounts of
microcystin in water — as little as one part per trillion.
Stumpf, whose research group monitors blooms in Lake Erie, measured extremely high concentrations (1,000 micrograms per liter) of
microcystin in Lake Erie during the summer.
Not exact matches
But neither
microcystins nor Dinophysis shellfish toxins have been included
in the routine monitoring of California shellfish.
Since the detection of the toxin
microcystin left nearly half a million Ohio and Michigan residents without drinking water for several days
in early August, discussions of ways to prevent a recurrence have largely focused on the need to reduce the amount of phosphorus fertilizer that washes off croplands and flows into western Lake Erie to trigger harmful cyanobacteria blooms.
One possibility is that the spread of invasive quagga and zebra mussels
in the lake has promoted the dominance of
microcystin - producing cyanobacteria and has altered the lake's phosphorus cycle.
Like pea soup, a thick mat of toxic
microcystins cyanobacteria on Lake Taihu
in China gets stirred up
in the wake of a boat.
New research suggests that the potent liver toxin and possible carcinogen,
microcystin, has a protective role
in cyanobacteria and helps them respond to oxidative stress.
In a high - light, oxidizing environment,
microcystin - producing cyanobacteria have a survival advantage over other forms of cyanobacteria that are not toxic.
In 2009, one of her colleagues noticed a report that nearby Pinto Lake harbored a particularly nasty blue - green algae called
microcystin.
This study is the first to document the presence of dissolved
microcystin, anatoxin - a, cylindrospermopsin, and β - N - methylamino - L - alanine
in Jordan Lake, a major drinking water reservoir
in North Carolina.
Backer, L. C., S. V. McNeel, T. Barber, B. Kirkpatrick, C. Williams, M. Irvin, Y. Zhou, T. B. Johnson, K. Nierenberg, M. Aubel, R. Le Prell, A. Chapman, A. Foss, S. Corum, V. R. Hill, S. M. Kiezak, and Y. - S. Cheng, 2010: Recreational exposure to
microcystins during algal blooms
in two California lakes.
The impacts of harmful algal blooms (HABs)
in the Great Lakes are being assessed using a range of economic metrics capturing the loss of services provided by the lakes (e.g. increased drinking water treatment costs, property value losses, beach closures), as well as the direct effects of toxic
microcystin on public health (Bingham et al 2015, IJC 2013)-- such events are expected to increase
in frequency and severity
in a changing climate (Michalak et al 2013).