Sentences with phrase «microdissected pyramidal neurons»

In GluR - A — deficient mice, plasticity could be restored by controlled expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-- tagged GluR - A, which contributes to channel formation and displayed the developmental redistribution of AMPA receptors in CA1 pyramidal neurons.

For example, a deep layer 5 pyramidal neuron might snake its gossamer - thin output wire, the axon, to a subcortical target area while also extending a connection to an inhibitory local neuron.

It receives information via the so - called mossy fibres (MF), which originate in dentate gyrus neurons and, together with pyramidal neurons, form synapses in CA3; in this case MF - CA3 - synapses.

The team, led by CSHL Professor Z. Josh Huang and including researcher Joshua Gordon, M.D., Ph.D., director of the National Institute of Mental Health, focused on dense crowds of excitatory cells called pyramidal neurons — several hundred of which can connect with a single chandelier cell.

The new research reveals how spatially intermixed pyramidal neurons that were associated with single chandelier cells in the mouse prelimbic cortex segregated into two groups.

Because each chandelier cell may control the firing of hundreds of pyramidal neurons, it has been suggested that they exert a kind of «veto» power over local excitatory messages.

Studies of glutamate receptor channels expressed in cultured hippocampal pyramidal neurons reveal that these channels are subject to neuromodulatory regulation through the adenylate cyclase cascade.

A recent generation of studies of postmortem brain tissue from people with schizophrenia, particularly from the laboratory of Professor David Lewis and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh, have shed light on schizophrenia - related abnormalities in the interplay of the main excitatory neurons, pyramidal neurons, and a specific class of inhibitory nerve cells, called chandelier cells, in the prefrontal cortex.

When they mutated neuregulin 3 in neurons that help activate the brain — called pyramidal neurons — the genetically modified mice displayed behavior consistent with schizophrenia.

Left: Reconstruction of pyramidal neurons from mouse primary visual cortex.

«What we found at the cellular level correlates with the behaviors we saw in the less - anxious, hyper - active mice, which means having overactive pyramidal neurons with their brakes removed could be contributing to these behaviors,» says Zhu.

Right: Illustration of simplified pyramidal neuron models.

It is a complex, highly organised, structure, whose function relies on vast networks containing two main groups of nerve cells, or neurons: pyramidal neurons and interneurons.

To see what was happening in the brains of these ankyrin - G mutant mice, the researchers analyzed the cell components in inhibitory synapses connecting with pyramidal neurons, finding that two proteins known as GAT1 and GAD67 — responsible for making the neurochemical GABA that dials back nerve impulses — were at much lower levels in the synapses on pyramidal neurons in ankyrin - G mutant mice than in normal mice.

They also found that the disruption of the connectivity of these cells during brain development causes alterations in brain oscillatory activity and disturbs the function of place cells, a type of pyramidal neuron that becomes active when an animal is located in a particular place in its environment.

Finally, these astrocyte - derived neurons typically exhibited morphology reminiscent of pyramidal neurons, displaying synaptic spines that were targeted by pre-synaptic terminals.

Endocannabinoids differentially modulate synaptic plasticity in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.

At hippocampal excitatory synapses on pyramidal neurons the cannabinoid - induced synaptic suppression was reversed by a CB1 - specific antagonist, N -(piperidin -1-yl)-5 -(4 - iodophenyl)-1 -(2,4 - dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (AM251), and was absent in CB1 knock - out mice.

Molecular profiles of pyramidal neurons in schizophrenia.

Although pyramidal neurons have been always considered the backbone of the cortex and therefore dominated the interest of neuroscientists, a century ago, Ramòn y Cajal has predicted that interneurons, or as he called them, the butterflies of the soul, are responsible for refining cortical processing.

Hand R *, Bortone D *, Mattar P, N'Guyen L, Heng JI - T, Guerrier S, Boutt E, Peters E, Barnes, AP, Parras C, Schuurmans C, Guillemot F and Polleux F. (2005) Phosphorylation of Neurogenin2 specifies the migration properties and the dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons in the neocortex.

Similar compelling evidence supporting the existence of bonafide intraneuronal Aβ peptides has been provided by ELISA analysis on laser microdissected pyramidal neurons from sporadic AD cases [63].

At 13 months of age, the intracellular MOAB - 2 immunolabel was hardly detectable in pyramidal neurons adjacent to amyloid plaques, the latter which were strongly labeled by this antibody and not by pab27576 (Additional file3: Figure S2 a-b).

Ex vivo cortical electroporation (E15 mouse embryos) coupled with organotypic culture for 5 days results in radial migration of EGFP + pyramidal neurons to the cortical plate (CP) and the projection of their axon in the intermediate zone (IZ).

Isolated excitatory spines annotated from a single cortical pyramidal neuron with Vaa3D Synapse Detector program developed in collaboration with the Allen Institute for Brain Science (Unpublished, Dan Iascone)

In particular, what are the molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of long - range projecting pyramidal neurons and locally - projecting interneurons to form an axon, for these axons to grow and branch and finally find their appropriate synaptic targets?

Synaptic reconstruction of all excitatory inputs made onto a single cortical pyramidal neuron labeled with sparse in utero electroporation (Unpublished, Dan Iascone)

Synaptic reconstruction of all excitatory and inhibitory inputs made onto a single cortical pyramidal neuron labeled with sparse in utero electroporation.

Effects of sub-threshold activated ion channels on signal integration in hippocampal pyramidal neurons

Synaptogenesis and development of pyramidal neuron dendritic norphology in the chimpanzee neocortex resembles humans.

Dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons in the chimpanzee neocortex: Regional specializations and comparison to humans.

Synaptogenesis and development of pyramidal neuron dendritic morphology in the chimpanzee neocortex resembles humans.

The electrotonic structure of pyramidal neurons contributing to prefrontal cortical circuits in macaque monkeys is significantly altered in aging..

Behavioral relevance helps untangle natural vocal categories in a specific subset of core auditory cortical pyramidal neurons.

Involved in cannabinoid - dependent depolarization - induced suppression of inhibition (DSI), a process in which depolarization of CA1 postsynaptic pyramidal neurons mobilizes eCBs, which retrogradely activate presynaptic CB1 receptors, transiently decreasing GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission (PubMed: 22388959).

Progressive degeneration of nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein - enriched pyramidal neurons predicts cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease: a stereologic analysis of prefrontal cortex area 9.

Decreased pyramidal neuron size in Brodmann areas 44 and 45 in patients with autism.

Chia - Shan Wu, Jie Zhu, Jim Wager - Miller, Shan Wang, Dennis O'Leary, Krisztina Monory, Beat Lutz, Ken Mackie, and Hui - Chen Lu (2010) «Requirement of cannabinoid CB1 receptor in cortical pyramidal neurons for appropriate development of corticothalamic and thalamocortical projections», European J. Neuroscience, 32:693 - 706.

Discovered that Kv7 / M / KCNQ - type K + channels are present in the perisomatic region but not in the apical dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons (Hu et al., J. Neuroscience, 2007).

Immunohistochemical examination of postmortem AD brains revealed that cytoplasmic accumulation of 8 - oxoG is evident in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons, and in neurons in the temporal cortex, where Aβ is also highly accumulated.

Animal studies have shown that direct glucocorticoid exposure results in a loss of pyramidal neurons and dendritic branching in the hippocampus, meaning that the organic structure of this brain area was affected by this hormone, likely resulting in a decrease neuronal synapses that would facilitate integration.

Not exact matches

BRAIN CANDY A new database offers a deep look at living human nerve cells, revealing elaborate branching structures and myriad shapes, such as in this neuron called a pyramidal cell (cell image, left and 3 - D computer reconstruction, right).

A neuron called a pyramidal cell, for instance, has a bushy branch of dendrites (orange in 3 - D computer reconstruction, above) reaching up from its cell body (white circle).

There is nothing extraneous here in this painting of two pyramidal cells, a type of neuron found in the cerebellum and hippocampus.

Fast - spiking interneurons are part of a general class of neurons whose primary role is regulating the activity of the principal cells of the cerebral cortex, known as pyramidal cells.

Along the way the signal can be amplified by excitatory neurons such as pyramidal cells (PYRs) or dampened by inhibitory neurons such as SST and PV cells.

Neurons communicate with each other through chemical and electrical signals that can be excitatory (activating) or inhibitory (deactivating), depending on their class: Pyramidal cells are excitatory neurons whilst interneurons are inhiNeurons communicate with each other through chemical and electrical signals that can be excitatory (activating) or inhibitory (deactivating), depending on their class: Pyramidal cells are excitatory neurons whilst interneurons are inhineurons whilst interneurons are inhibitory.

Intermediate neuronal progenitors (basal progenitors) produce pyramidal - projection neurons for all layers of cerebral cortex.

Action potentials in brain neuron (hippocampal pyramidal cell) before and after blockade of BK - type (potassium) channels.