Sentences with phrase «micrometres in»

In the absence of any ice nuclei, the freezing of supercooled water droplets of a few micrometres in radius, in a process called homogeneous ice nucleation, requires temperatures at or lower than − 39 °C (− 38 °F).

They open their nozzle points outwards, forming an annular gap that is mere micrometres in size, shaping the jet of fuel and ensuring its even, hollow - cone - shaped dispersion.

It is 96 to 98 percent efficient at filtering out particles between five and ten micrometres in size and 100 - percent efficient when it comes to removing ten - micrometre particles.

The beads are three micrometres in diameter.

By developing a new fluorescence microscopy - based technique, the researchers were able to measure how long it takes proteins to move over distances ranging from 0.2 to 3 micrometres in living cells.

Using a magnet to move the metallic microgrippers around, Gracias has shown how they can securely hold a range of glass beads, wires and tubes — roughly 200 micrometres in size — and release them on command at desired locations.

Next, they sieved volcanic ash collected from farmland near Eyjafjallajökull and kept those particles that were 57 micrometres in diameter or less.

His team has created a robot hand that is simply a rubber bag filled to about 80 per cent of its volume with glass spheres, each 100 micrometres in diameter.

«A regular paper network has fibres 30 micrometres in diameter, here we are at a scale three orders of magnitude smaller,» says Berglund.

X-rays generated at that facility enable scientists to study and characterize the structure of edible fats at meso and micro levels (hundreds of nanometres to a few micrometres in size).

Garnier's device is about 50 micrometres in size, more than ten times larger than conventional transistors that are etched onto silicon chips.

The result was an open cell structure with cavities measuring between 50 and 150 micrometres in diameter, bound by slender polymer strands.

Most of this plastic disintegrates into particles smaller than five millimetres, referred to as microplastics, and breaks down further into nanoparticles, which are less than 0.1 micrometre in size.

The crystals are just 1 micrometre in diameter and 20 micrometres long.

Not exact matches

Unyong Jeong's team at Yonsei University in Seoul, South Korea, covered a flexible rubber film with a sheet of corrugated microporous polystyrene, with gutters around 3 micrometres wide and 1 micrometre deep.

Lars Peter Nielsen and his colleagues at Aarhus University in Denmark have found that tens of thousands of electric bacteria can join together to form daisy chains that carry electrons over several centimetres — a huge distance for a bacterium only 3 or 4 micrometres long.

To measure the velocity, the team used two laser beams to trap a dust - sized, 3 - micrometre - wide glass bead in mid-air.

It is enough, for instance, that the stimulus that provides the sensation of touch is moved some ten micrometres across the skin in order for the neural patterns to be completely different,» says Henrik Jörntell.

In contrast to other gate mechanisms the distance between the qubits — in our case 2 to 12 micrometres — does not matter at all,» Bastian Hacker emphasizeIn contrast to other gate mechanisms the distance between the qubits — in our case 2 to 12 micrometres — does not matter at all,» Bastian Hacker emphasizein our case 2 to 12 micrometres — does not matter at all,» Bastian Hacker emphasizes.

Various forces such as surface adhesion or electrostatic charge cause the particles to adhere to each other in systems with extremely small particles measuring only a few micrometres.

Colossal molecules have been created that are a full micrometre wide, and could find uses in quantum computing

The SECM uses a flat - faced probe a few micrometres across, which forms one electrode in an electrochemical cell.

At DESY, the researchers successfully created an image of a hexagonal, micrometre sized structure in the shape of a benzene ring.

The carbon atoms are arranged in hexagons and a typical tube measures about 1.2 to 30 nanometres in diameter and around a micrometre long.

The shorter time for drug delivery is made possible as the miniature needles on the patch create micrometre - sized porous channels in the skin to deliver the drug rapidly.

They used laser light to melt copper and gold into micrometre - sized droplets and deposited these in a controlled manner.

These all absorb radiation at wavelengths in the mid-infrared between 3 and 10 micrometres.

If an infrared detector finds an absorption line in the spectrum at 4.2 micrometres, for example, this is a sure sign that CO2 is present (see Graph).

For small structures in particular (from 100 nanometres to 10 micrometres) no good solutions for this problem existed yet.

The system passes the wet algae into a settling tank, filters them, dehydrates them in a dryer and mills them into fine particles less than 50 micrometres across.

Individual axons are microscopic in diameter - typically about one micrometre across - but may extend to macroscopic lengths.

Betzig's group has made 400 dots in a grid 2.3 micrometres across, corresponding to 7 billion bits per square centimetre.

The pigments form a layer between 0 — 40 micrometres deep under the insect's cuticle, putting them in the perfect position to capture the Sun's light.

They found that HD 98800, which is an orange star, emits 10 per cent of its radiation in the far - infrared — at wavelengths between 10 and 100 micrometres.

Particulate matter — Soot or smoke made up of particles in the micrometre size range: Particulate matter causes negative health effects, including but not limited to respiratory disease and cancer.

In the semiconductor industry, photolithography machinery used to etch chip substrates must be focused to an accuracy of a few micrometres.

Careful analysis of the polarisation results revealed these grains of dust to be comparatively large particles, 0.5 micrometres across, which may seem small, but grains of this size are about 50 times larger than the dust normally found in interstellar space.

Although traffic actually increased in the first week of the ban, the levels of PM2.5 — particulate matter measuring less than 2.5 micrometres across — fell by roughly 10 %.

In their tiny mimic, Clemens Bechinger and Valentin Blickle at the University of Stuttgart, Germany, replaced the cylinder with a laser that confines the motion of a 3 - micrometre - wide lump of melamine in wateIn their tiny mimic, Clemens Bechinger and Valentin Blickle at the University of Stuttgart, Germany, replaced the cylinder with a laser that confines the motion of a 3 - micrometre - wide lump of melamine in watein water.

Instead of being a dot of dye or light, a nanopixel is made of a hole less than a micrometre across in a thin sheet of aluminium.

To find out why, Sangwoo Shin at the University of Hawaii at Manoa and his team made channels about 50 micrometres wide in a polymer.

Individual baculovirus particles are usually found in colonies within micrometre - sized capsules, or polyhedra.

They trapped one sphere in a laser beam and then fired rapid pulses of light from a second laser at others a few micrometres away.

In 2010, physicists put the largest system yet into a superposition: a 40 - micrometre - long strip of piezoelectric material, which expands and contracts in response to voltage changeIn 2010, physicists put the largest system yet into a superposition: a 40 - micrometre - long strip of piezoelectric material, which expands and contracts in response to voltage changein response to voltage changes.

This diagram shows types, and size distribution in micrometres, of atmospheric particulate matter This animation shows aerosol optical thickness of emitted and transported key tropospheric aerosols from 17 August 2006 to 10 April 2007, from a 10 km resolution GEOS - 5 «nature run» using the GOCART model.

They include mostly single - celled microfossils ranging from a few micrometres (one - millionth of a metre) to one millimetre in size, and each is made up of a sac of organic tissue (vesicle).

Although the resolution of optical microscopy is limited to fractions of micrometres, developments in near - field microscopy had pushed this limit to a few tens of nanometres.

Nevertheless, in practice, «micron» remains a widely used term in preference to «micrometre» in many English - speaking countries, both in academic science (including geology, biology, physics, and astronomy) and in applied science and industry (including machining, the semiconductor industry, and plastics manufacturing).

ALMA, in contrast, will probe the sky for radiation at longer wavelengths from a few hundred micrometres to about 1 mm.

The shorter wavelengths of IR radiation can penetrate the atmosphere, but as its wavelength reaches one micrometre, IR radiation tends to be absorbed by water vapour and other molecules in the atmosphere.