«The great spatial heterogeneity of
microplastics at large and mesoscales makes it difficult to extrapolate local monitoring data to larger areas,» Nerland explains.
Not exact matches
According to news sources, such as the BBC, researchers
at State University of New York in Fredonia found
microplastic particles in nearly all of 250 bottled waters bought in nine different countries.
Filed Under: Local News Tagged With: Microbeads,
Microplastics, Sherri Mason, St. Luke's Church, The State University of New York
at Fredonia
At the moment, however, there is a lack of standardized methods for determining
microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems in order to produce an accurate assessment of the situation.
The minimum average
microplastics pollution was found in the stretch between Basel and Mainz (202,900 particles per square kilometer), a medium average
at Bad Honnef, Köln - Porz and Leverkusen (714,053) and the highest average in the Rhine - Ruhr metropolitan area (2,333,665).
A peak
microplastics concentration was measured
at Rees on the Nederhijn, where 3.9 million plastic items per square kilometer (or 21,839 particles per 1000 cubic meters) were found in a single water sample.
If adults were to consume sea salt
at the recommended nutritional level for the seasoning, they could potentially ingest 1,000
microplastic particles every year from that source.
«The Rhine's
microplastics concentrations are thus among the highest so far studied worldwide,» says biologist Professor Patricia Holm from the Department of Environmental Sciences
at the University of Basel.
The
microplastic levels used in the two papers approximate those found
at highly contaminated sites.
A separate report, from Mark Anthony Browne on work performed
at Plymouth University, shows that ingesting
microplastic can also reduce the health of lugworms by delivering harmful chemicals, including hydrocarbons, antimicrobials, and flame retardants, to them.
When comparing between four size classes, two
microplastic < 4.75 mm and meso - and macroplastic > 4.75 mm, a tremendous loss of
microplastics is observed from the sea surface compared to expected rates of fragmentation, suggesting there are mechanisms
at play that remove < 4.75 mm plastic particles from the ocean surface.
«
Microplastics are ubiquitous in the world's oceans and they have been found in both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans and their adjacent seas, in both coastal areas and offshore,» says Inger Lise Nerland, a PhD candidate
at the Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA).
At NILU and Akvaplan - niva, the scientists are looking into both what happens to
microplastics in the environment and how
microplastics affect the organisms that eat it.
Richard C. Thompson is a professor of marine biology
at Plymouth University in the UK who has conducted some of the pioneering studies on
microplastics in the marine environment.
Outi Setälä, the first author of the study and a senior researcher
at the Finnish Environment Institute, says that scientists have known since the 1980s that zooplankton will eat
microplastics.
At least one recent study, authored by one of Thompson's former graduate students and colleagues, including Thompson, showed that a type of filter feeder called a lugworm was adversely affected when exposed to sand that had
microplastics that contained common chemical pollutants.
Eating lots of these animals tainted
at this level could add 100,000 particles of
microplastics to the human diet each year, Shi's team estimates.
They also found that fish that consume large quantities of
microplastics are «smaller, slower, and more stupid» (and die
at twice the rate of the others when exposed to predators) than ones living in clean water and, therefore, on healthier diets.
February 8 Maritime History of the Channel Islands Told Through Shipwreck Bert Ho and Carol Linteau March 8 White Shark Nurseries in the Southern California Bight Chris Lowe April 12 Island Scrub Jay Connection to Native Oak Populations Mario Pesendorfer September 13 Impacts of
Microplastic Debris on Coastal Ecosystems Clare Steele October 11 Island of the Blue Dolphins: The Lone Woman
at the Crossroads Susan Morris November 8 Sea Cow Discovery on Santa Rosa Island John Hoffman
February 8 Maritime History of the Channel Islands Told Through Shipwreck Bert Ho and Carol Linteau March 8 White Shark Nurseries in the Southern California Bight Chris Lowe April 12 Island of the Blue Dolphins: The Lone Woman
at the Crossroads Susan Morris September 13 Impacts of
Microplastic Debris on Coastal Ecosystems Clare Steele October 11 Island Scrub Jay Connection to Native Oak Populations Mario Pesendorfer November 8 Sea Cow Discovery on Santa Rosa Island John Hoffman
During the Winter Workspace, Tubbs will be using the microbial leather to cast river rocks found
at the Wave Hill site while laminating
microplastic between the layers.
Requests the Executive Director to present the study on
microplastics for the consideration of the United Nations Environment Assembly
at its second session.
Emphasizes that further urgent action is needed to address the challenges posed by marine plastic debris and
microplastics, by addressing such materials
at source, by reducing pollution through improved waste management practices and by cleaning up existing debris and litter;
This year the Earth Day Network is focusing on plastic pollution, especially looking
at how
microplastic pollution gets into our drinking water supply.
«This accumulations of
microplastics is being ingested by the largest of the filter feeders right down to the smaller organisims, the microorganisms
at the bottom of the food chain.»
Plastic never breaks down — but depending on environmental conditions it will break up
at different rates into
microplastics.
«This is evidence we are dealing with a truly global contaminant,» Chelsea Rochman, a
microplastic researcher
at the University of Toronto, told Earther in an email.
Researchers
at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research surveyed five regions in the Arctic Ocean and found up to 12,000 pieces of
microplastics per liter of sea ice.
That's one of the main takeaways from an analysis of 43 studies looking
at the effects of
microplastics on aquatic life.
Microplastic pollution appears to affect creatures
at the bottom of the food web the most.
Dr. Katrin Schuhen
at the University of Koblenz - Landau Organic and ecological chemistry department, the group works on the next generation technologies needed to treat
microplastics and pharmaceuticals in wastewater.
A new study conducted by researchers
at the State University of New York Fredonia has found that brands of sea salt sold in China contain high amounts of
microplastics.