Sentences with phrase «middle atmosphere»

The upper / middle atmosphere leads / lags the «surface».

Beagley, S.R., J. de Grandpré, J.N. Koshyk, N.A. McFarlane, and T.G. Shepherd, 1997: Radiative - dynamical climatology of the first - generation Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model.

de Grandpré, J., S.R. Beagley, V.I. Fomichev, E. Griffioen, J.C. McConnell, A.S. Medvedev, and T.G. Shepherd, 2000: Ozone climatology using interactive chemistry: Results from the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model, J. Geophys.

Langematz, U., J.L Grenfell, K. Matthes, and M. Kunze, 2004: Chemical effects in 11 - year solar cycle simulations with the Freie Universitaet Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model (FUB - CMAM - CHEM), Geophys.

Laura Thölix, MSc, Research Scientist I have studied middle atmosphere, ozone and water vapour in the ozone layer with a chemistry - climate model.

The QBO is driven by a broad spectrum of waves excited in the tropical troposphere and modulates transport and mixing of chemical compounds in the whole middle atmosphere.

Changes in tracer distribution in the troposphere and stratosphere are calculated from a control and doubled CO2 climate simulation run with the Goddard Institute for Space Studies Global Climate Middle Atmosphere Model.

de Grandpré, J., J.W. Sandilands,, J.C. McConnell, S.R. Beagley, P.C. Croteau, and M.Y. Danilin, 1997: Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model: Preliminary results from the chemical transport module, Atmos. - Ocean, 35, 385 - 431.

Another benefit of the animations is that they are also useful wind - tracers of the middle atmosphere over the open oceans, where there are no weather balloons.

AIDA offers unique possibilities of studying aerosol and cloud processes under atmospheric conditions and can simulate all temperature and pressure conditions occurring in the lower and middle atmosphere.

Too much UV leads to increased heating in the middle atmosphere that weakens the vertical gradient and destroys the signal.

As SEP events may produce very large enhancements in the ion production rate in the Venusian upper and middle atmosphere, investigations of space weather effects at Venus are relevant to future missions to the planet, particularly those carrying low - frequency radar instruments (Nordheim et al. 2015).

Two layers that make up the middle atmosphere — the stratosphere, where jets fly, and the mesosphere — cover the troposphere.

These off - pole concentrations are unexpected because the fast - moving, east - west winds in Titan's middle atmosphere should thoroughly mix the molecules formed there.

There are several factors in hurricane development, including wind shear and dry air in the middle atmosphere, but sea surface temperature is critical.

According to the figure above, there has been an increase in the global overturning indicator for the middle atmosphere (between 1 and 6.5 km above the surface).

Absorption of solar ultraviolet energy by ozone produces most of the heating in the middle atmosphere.

Sassi, F., B.A. Boville, D. Kinnison, and R.R. Garica, 2005: The effects of interactive ozone chemistry on simulations of the middle atmosphere, Geophys.

1: Present day climatology and interannual variability of the middle atmosphere using the model and 9 years of HALOE / UARS data, J. Geophys.

2: Sensitivity of the middle atmosphere to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse gases: implications for recent stratospheric cooling, J. Geophys.

Instead, the lower and middle atmosphere are warming the same or less than the surface.

Our investigations into the interannual variability of the ozone hole, using the GISS global climate / middle atmosphere model, indicate that it is strongly dependent upon the amount of planetary wave energy in the troposphere (the area from Earth's surface to approximately 17 km altitude).

The Institute of Atmospheric Physics investigates the physics and chemistry of the global atmosphere from the Earth's surface up to the upper boundary of the middle atmosphere at about 120 km height.

1990 bis 1995 Mitglied der Arbeitsgruppe 5 des «Solar - Terrestrial Energy Program» (STEP); Leiter der Aktivität 5.3 «Modelling of possible solar variability effects in the lower and middle atmosphere» (MELA)

The big changes in clouds happen in the tropical and sub-tropical Pacific as a result of ENSO predominantly — something that Judith Lean and Mike Lockwood have suggested is related to drift in solar UV and resultant warming and cooling of ozone in the middle atmosphere.

This directly contradicts the greenhouse effect theory, which predicts that carbon dioxide should increase the temperature in the lower atmosphere (the «troposphere»), and decrease the temperature in the middle atmosphere (the «stratosphere»).

Changes in the atmospheric chemistry in that neglected upper / middle atmosphere have a significant impact on the GHE in the dry portion of the atmosphere.

``... it is concluded that comprehensive climate model studies require a middle atmosphere as well as a coupled ocean to investigate and understand natural climate variability.»

There will be sparse emission from CO2 in the middle atmosphere (as shown by the MB curves) but this will be absorbed by nearby CO2 molecules thus neither cooling nor warming the middle atmosphere.

Brasseur, G. & Solomon, S. Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere: Chemistry and Physics of the Stratosphere (Springer, 2005)

The Schumann - Runge band is important for heating processes in the middle atmosphere.

Radiation at ultraviolet wavelengths dissociates atmospheric molecules, initiating chains of chemical reactions — specifically those producing stratospheric ozone — and providing the major source of heating for the middle atmosphere, while radiation at visible and near - infrared wavelengths mainly reaches and warms the lower atmosphere and the Earth's surface1.

Rind, D., M. Chandler, P. Lonergan, and J. Lerner, 2001: Climate change and the middle atmosphere: 5.

Shindell, D.T., D. Rind, and P. Lonergan, 1998: Climate change and the middle atmosphere.

Wong, S., 1998: The Impacts of the Antarctic Ozone Hole on the Middle Atmosphere.

Rind, D., D. Shindell, P. Lonergan, and N.K. Balachandran, 1998: Climate change and the middle atmosphere.