The heart of the innovation, as I understand it, lies in the choice of a particular and small region of DNA shared by many animals; to say it in technical terms: it's «a 648 base - pair region in
the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene («CO1»).»
DNA barcoding aims to provide an efficient method for species - level identifications using an array of species specific molecular tags derived from the 5 ′ region of
the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene.
Not exact matches
Twelve percent encoded
mitochondrial proteins such as succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B, iron sulfur (Ip)(τ statistic = — 0.76, P = 2.2 × 10 — 7), and ubiquinol —
cytochrome c reductase subunit (τ statistic = — 0.65, P = 7.4 × 10 — 6)(Figure 1), and 6 % encoded lysosomal proteins (Supplemental Table 2, http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/112/12/1796/DC1).
Zuzana Kronekova (Roedel, TUD)-- «Assembly of
mitochondrial ubiquinol -
cytochrome c oxireductase complex in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: The role of Cbp3p and Cbp4p assembly factors» (2005)
Chemical genetics unveils a key role of
mitochondrial dynamics,
cytochrome c release and IP3R activity in muscular dystrophy.
Kostmann syndrome: severe congenital neutropenia associated with defective expression of Bcl - 2, constitutive
mitochondrial release of
cytochrome c, and excessive apoptosis of myeloid progenitor cells.
All of this damage damages extremely precious
mitochondrial DNA, which make the mitochondrias dysfunctional, clogging lysosome for mitophagy, and being incapable of keeping
mitochondrial membrane potential (leading to
Cytochrome C loss through
mitochondrial permeability pores) and
mitochondrial ATP OXPHOS respiration.
A famous example from the superfamily is
cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain located in the
mitochondrial membrane (see graph).
This protein is one of the nuclear - coded polypeptide chains of
cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in
mitochondrial electron transport.
It is a cofactor in several oxidative enzymes vital to the function of hematopoietic, vascular and skeletal tissues, as well as the structure and function of the nervous system, including superoxide dismutase (oxygen radical scavenger),
cytochrome -
c oxidase (
mitochondrial respiration), lysyl oxidase (collagen and elastin synthesis) and ceruloplasmin ferroxidase / haephestin (iron metabolism).