Sentences with word «mitogenome»

«Migration back to Africa took place during the Palaeolithic: International research has retrieved mitogenome of a fossil belonging to the first Homo sapiens population in Europe.»

We sequenced complete mitogenomes from 159 modern (2007 — 2013) island foxes from the six islands in their current range and 25 gray foxes (1996 — 2013) from across California (Fig. 1 and Table 1).

Independent analyses of two of the most widely used mtDNA genes in mammalian phylogeography, cytochrome b and D - loop, recovered only 15 and 20 haplotypes, respectively, instead of the 35 haplotypes recovered by sequencing whole mitogenomes (S2 Table).

De Novo assembly revealed a 16,718 bp gray fox mitogenome with a mean read depth of 171x.

In addition to the loss of these genes, the V. scurruloideum mitogenome shows other signs of degenerative evolution, such as miniaturization and an accelerated mutation rate.

Although elevated dN / dS is a common metric for evidence of selection when comparing single genes, dN / dS values are much lower for signatures of selection across the entire mitogenome [33].

«Anthropologists reconstruct mitogenomes from prehistoric dental calculus.»

Reads with a higher mapping edit - distance to human mtDNA than to bear mitochondrial genomes were considered of likely human origin and were removed from the bear mitogenome mapping results.

Enk J, Debruyne R, Devault, A, King CE, Terangen TR, O'Rourke D, Salzburg S, Fisher D, MacPhee RDE, Poinar H (2011) Complete Columbian mammoth mitogenome suggests interbreeding with woolly mammoths.

Merged sequences were mapped to a human reference mitogenome (GenBank accession EU256375.1) using the BWA - backtrack algorithm in the Burrows — Wheeler Aligner, version 0.7.5 (ref.

Sample size does not account for this pattern as mitogenome sample sizes were larger on all islands except Santa Rosa and San Nicolas.

Mitogenomes indicate that island foxes are monophyletic and most closely related to gray foxes from northern California that likely experienced a Holocene climate - induced range shift.

The aligned mitogenomes were visually examined and when a single island individual or an ambiguous base generated a unique haplotype, Sanger sequencing was conducted to verify the basecalls (S1 Text and S4 Table), which did not change except for two samples with conflicting haplotypes that was discarded from all analyses.

To examine phylogenetic relationships between island, California and eastern gray foxes, additional publically available mammal mitogenomes were obtained from GenBank and aligned to the fox dataset.

Island foxes show greater mitogenome diversity in the northern islands with nine haplotypes that differ from 2 — 5 base pairs from the central node of the star - shaped radiation (Fig. 2).

185 whole mitogenomes were generated from 201 samples using three different library prep protocols and two sequencing methods, 454 and Illumina (S1 Text and S1 Table).

A comparison of mitogenomes from 16 pairs of domestic animals and their wild progenitors revealed no consistent patterns between divergence date, dN / dS, and branch length [33], indicating that human - mediated selective pressures did not have consistent mitogenomic effects.

To evaluate the patterns of selective pressures acting on mainland and island fox mitogenomes, we estimated the proportion of nonsynonymous (dN) and synonymous variable (dS) sites throughout all of the protein - coding genes (Table 2).

Specifically, Skippington said the V. scurruloideum mitogenome had lost all nine mitochondrial genes encoding respiratory Complex I, a principal component of the main energy - producing pathway in aerobic organisms.

Across the entire mitogenome, island foxes showed a three-fold reduction in the proportion of variable sites compared to mainland gray foxes (S2 Table).

The researchers found 14 new ancient mitogenome sequences from pre-Phoenician (~ 1800 BCE) and Phoenician (~ 700 - 400 BCE) samples from Lebanon and Sardinia and then compared these with 87 new complete mitogenomes from modern Lebanese and 21 recently published pre-Phoenician ancient mitogenomes from Sardinia.

The Palaeogenomics study conducted by the Human Evolutionary Biology group of the Faculty of Science and Technology, led by Concepción de la Rua, in collaboration with researchers in Sweden, the Netherlands and Romania, has made it possible to retrieve the complete sequence of the mitogenome of the Pestera Muierii woman (PM1) using two teeth.

Biologists regard the mitochondrial genomes, or mitogenomes, of flowering plants as «extreme and often perplexing» in their wide range of sizes, structures and mutation rates, Palmer said.

«The mitogenome of V. scurruloideum has proven an unexpected goldmine of surprises, setting new benchmarks for the extremes of genome size, gene content, protein divergence and other biological mechanisms,» he said.

A piece of international research led by the UPV / EHU - University of the Basque Country has retrieved the mitogenome of a fossil belonging to the first Homo sapiens population in Europe

The mitogenome sequences revealed a total of 35 haplotypes with 14 found exclusively on the islands and 21 found only in mainland California.

MtDNA RFLP data from Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, San Nicolas, and San Clemente identified the same number or one fewer haplotypes than whole mitogenomes.

We excluded samples with conflicting or incomplete mitogenomes from analysis (n = 16), yielding 185 complete mitogenomes.

Here, we present the first application of high throughput sequencing (HTS) of whole mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) to evaluate the phylogeographic patterns of differentiation between island and mainland gray fox populations.

Previous analyses using mtDNA RFLP's identified more mtDNA haplotypes than detected by our whole mitogenome (WMG) sequencing analysis on San Miguel (2 RFLP: 1 WMG genotypes) and Santa Catalina (3 RFLP: 2 WMG genotypes), suggesting a possible loss of mtDNA diversity on these islands as a result of population bottlenecks over the past 25 years [15].

Mitogenomes can recover patterns at greater time depths than microsatellites, which are likely to reflect recent and dramatic changes in nuclear allelic frequencies caused by genetic drift [14,17].