Confluent 10 cm plates were fixed with 1 % PFA at room temperature for 10 minutes, lysed in SDS lysis buffer (50 mM Tris, 10 mM EDTA, 1 % SDS, Roche Complete protease inhibitors, pH 8.1), scraped and collected into 1.5
mL microcentrifuge tubes, and DNA was sonicated to 200 — 800 bp fragments with a Branson Sonifier 250 set to 30 % power / 90 % duty, four 10 second pulses.