The GCM usage, which is where I think it started, seems clear - it is the value of a step change in outgoing radiation to be imposed at the top
of model atmospheres as a deliberate kick to the system.
The comparison of the companion spectrum and photometry to
model atmospheres indicates that the companion is an extremely dusty late L dwarf, with an intermediate gravity (log g 4.5 - 5.0) which is compatible with the independent age estimate of the system.
The data must be analyzed using
sophisticated model atmospheres created by the team in 3D and included complex calculations that run for weeks on powerful super computers.
For the basic model parameters Teff, log g and [Fe / H], we interpolate in the grid of GAIA / PHOENIX
stellar model atmospheres and compute the corresponding model for the G2 V star alpha Cen A. Comparison with photometric measurements shows excellent agreement between observed photospheric data in the optical and infrared.
In sum, hydrological processes and energy exchange, especially those involving clouds, surface exchanges, and interactions of these with radiation are crucial for further progress
in modelling the atmosphere.
Rein says locating a planet in a habitable zone while being able to obtain a good resolution to
model the atmosphere will help determine what's on the planet.
«I find it quite convincing,» says Jonathan Fortney, a planetary scientist at NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif., who has also
modeled the atmospheres of extrasolar planets, of which more than 100 are now known.
As the surface and atmosphere warm,
the model atmosphere becomes moister, which in turn causes more warming - a positive feedback effect.
Suppose a modeling group is doing this routinely and sees that a proposed change in
the model atmosphere modifies RFP / CS in a way that would likely push a coupled model in the wrong direction — and as a result this change is not accepted.