Sentences with phrase «model changes in the atmosphere»

«Previous attempts to model these changes in the atmosphere have accepted the plant fossil record at face value,» Jennifer Morris from the University of Bristol, U.K., and co-lead author on the study, explained in a statement.

She added: «Previous attempts to model these changes in the atmosphere have accepted the plant fossil record at face value — our research shows that these fossil ages underestimate the origins of land plants, and so these models need to be revised.

If you can't keep up with annual - decadal changes in the TOA radiative imbalance or ocean heat content (because of failure to correctly model changes in the atmosphere and ocean due to natural variability), then your climate model lacks fidelity to the real world system it is tasked to represent.

Not exact matches

Polar latitudes hold secrets into the earths's past climate, secrets Berry Lyons believes may provide insights into the implications of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and better models of future climate change.

The data is important for climate change models, since the emissions released by thawing permafrost could significantly affect levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

The ability to make and study cubic ice in the laboratory could improve computer models of how clouds interact with sunlight and the atmosphere — two keys to understanding climate change, said Barbara Wyslouzil, project leader and professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at The Ohio State University.

In order to better understand how soil microbes respond to the changing atmosphere, the study's authors utilized statistical techniques that compare data to models and test for general patterns across studies.

A new climate change modeling tool developed by scientists at Indiana University, Princeton University and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration finds that carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere owing to greater plant growth from rising CO2 levels will be partially offset by changes in the activity of soil microbes that derive their energy from plant root growth.

Previous studies tend to underestimate such connections as simulated land - atmosphere interaction is also resolution - dependent, which means that the signals for changes in small - scale land use are likely to be much weaker in a coarse resolution model,» says Minchao Wu.

Satellite measurements and a model of how efficiently maize converts that light to mass, reveal that solar brightening, an increase in the sunlight penetrating the atmosphere and reaching Earth, accounted for 27 % of the yield increase U.S. Corn Belt farmers have observed between 1984 and 2013, researchers report today in Nature Climate Change.

The model tracked changes in temperature and solar radiation at many altitudes throughout the lower layer of the atmosphere.

A few of the main points of the third assessment report issued in 2001 include: An increasing body of observations gives a collective picture of a warming world and other changes in the climate system; emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols due to human activities continue to alter the atmosphere in ways that are expected to affect the climate; confidence in the ability of models to project future climate has increased; and there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.

Gentine and his team are now exploring ways to model how biosphere - atmosphere interactions may change with a shifting climate, as well as learning more about the drivers of photosynthesis, in order to better understand atmospheric variability.

«We see a similar trend in computer models of the global atmosphere when they simulate the last century using the historical changes of greenhouse gases.

The most significant factor, however, was a change in the way heat is transported in the atmosphere from the equator to the poles in the flat Antarctica world compared to the reference model.

Using global climate models and NASA satellite observations of Earth's energy budget from the last 15 years, the study finds that a warming Earth is able to restore its temperature equilibrium through complex and seemingly paradoxical changes in the atmosphere and the way radiative heat is transported.

The analysis showed that changes in cloud cover can serve as a proxy in climate models for wind velocity in the atmosphere, which can not be directly measured.

«The model we developed and applied couples biospheric feedbacks from oceans, atmosphere, and land with human activities, such as fossil fuel emissions, agriculture, and land use, which eliminates important sources of uncertainty from projected climate outcomes,» said Thornton, leader of the Terrestrial Systems Modeling group in ORNL's Environmental Sciences Division and deputy director of ORNL's Climate Change Science Institute.

The world cooled by between 0.3 °C and 0.4 °C following the eruption, in line with the upper range of the predictions of climate models for such a change in the atmosphere's heat balance.

Sally, who was nominated by Dr. Beat Schmid, Associate Director, Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, was honored for her exceptional contribution in the field of atmospheric science, particularly in her efforts to improve understanding of the radiative effect of clouds and aerosols on the Earth's atmosphere and their representation in climate models.

Computational models that simulate the climate such as CAM5, which is the atmosphere component of the Community Earth System Model used in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 5th Assessment, are used to predict future climate changes, such as the Arctic sea ice loss.

Jiacan Yuan is a climatologist who is interested in understanding the fundamental dynamical processes in the atmosphere and improving climate models, which could give us better predictive power and risk assessment of the changing climate.

3 By making mathematical models of the carbon cycle in order to understand how oxygen — critical for large, complex organisms — was able to build up in the atmosphere because of changes in how organic matter decays;

(Top left) Global annual mean radiative influences (W m — 2) of LGM climate change agents, generally feedbacks in glacial - interglacial cycles, but also specified in most Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) simulations for the LGM.

Scientists have modelled the expected temperature drop over the 21st century due to waning solar activity — and they found that the change is likely to be dwarfed by the much bigger warming effect of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

This involves a combination of satellite observations (when different satellites captured temperatures in both morning and evening), the use of climate models to estimate how temperatures change in the atmosphere over the course of the day, and using reanalysis data that incorporates readings from surface observations, weather balloons and other instruments.

At the time, he said «the stunning finding that forests can also feed on nitrogen in rocks has the potential to change all projections related to climate change,» because it meant there could be more carbon storage on land and less in the atmosphere than climate models say.

So in current climate models, natural causes alone are extremely unlikely to explain the observed changes in the thermal structure of the atmosphere.

Jo's scientific interests include radiative transfer in the atmosphere, climate modelling, radiative forcing of climate change and the influence of solar irradiance variability on climate.

Natural climate variability of the Arctic atmosphere, the impact of Greenland and PBL stability changes K. Dethloff *, A. Rinke *, W. Dorn *, D. Handorf *, J. H. Christensen ** * AWI Potsdam, ** DMI Copenhagen Unforced and forced long - term model integrations from 500 to 1000 years with global coupled atmosphere - ocean - sea - ice models have been analysed in order to find out whether the different models are able to simulate the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) similar to the real atmosphere.

A conceptual model is presented where, through a number of synergistic processes and positive feedbacks, changes in the ultraviolet / blue flux alter the dimethyl sulphide flux to the atmosphere, and in turn the number of cloud condensation nuclei, cloud albedo, and thus sea surface temperature.

We then perturb this input with the change in the seasonal mean SSTs and the seasonal mean state of the atmosphere as projected by an ensemble mean of global models for the end of the 21st century.

That matters because the trickiest part of global climate models appears to be how they handle ocean - atmosphere interactions, and I really have no idea how well they link changes in local wind - driven upwelling to the net thermohaline circulation.

Thanks Gavin, I get the point (in your response to my comment # 14) that your intention here is to discuss changes in the ocean / atmosphere system that could cause a cooling of European climate, and that both observational and model evidence point to a weakening of THC as the most likely candidate.

He took the industry line, that delay was smarter than prompt action, and that physicists» models of change in the upper atmosphere weren't enough reason to be concerned about ozone loss — that there wasn't proof yet that it would cause harm at ground level to humans, so wait, delay.

When faced with durable uncertainty on many fronts — in the modeling of the atmosphere, in data delineating past climate changes, and more — pushing ever harder to boost clarity may be scientifically important but is not likely to be very relevant outside a small circle of theorists.

Cochelin et al used a model of intermediate complexity to show that the orbital variations over the next 100,000 years are weak enough that even a little human CO2 remaining in the atmosphere is enough to keep the earth out of an ice age («Simulation of long - term future climate changes with the green McGill paleoclimate model: The next glacial inception»).

The lines of evidence and analysis supporting the mainstream position on climate change are diverse and robust — embracing a huge body of direct measurements by a variety of methods in a wealth of locations on the Earth's surface and from space, solid understanding of the basic physics governing how energy flow in the atmosphere interacts with greenhouse gases, insights derived from the reconstruction of causes and consequences of millions of years of natural climatic variations, and the results of computer models that are increasingly capable of reproducing the main features of Earth's climate with and without human influences.

Haarsma et al (2015) argue on the basis of model calculations that the weakening of the AMOC will be the main cause of changes in the summer circulation of the atmosphere over Europe in the future.

Although this is an over simplified model, I believe it is closer to the truth than the current idea that a change in the height of layer of atmosphere near the tropopause, around 100 mb, can affect the temperature of the planet at the 1000 mb level.

-- and if at some time in the future there is a major adjustment to GCMs modelling like plugging in a new science based assumption that x warming will actually / or has triggered negative feedbacks like ASI area / piomass loss, or methane hydrates emissions inott eh atmosphere versus the present GCMs that such changes in the GCMs be noted in these Summary Key data Updates.

The two scientists, with colleagues from the UK, the U.S., the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, report in Nature Climate Change that they used mathematical models to simulate the effect of temperature rise as a response to ever - greater global emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, from the combustion of fossil fuels.

Benjamin Sulman − a biologist at Indiana University, but then of the Princeton University Environmental Institute in the US − and colleagues report in Nature Climate Change that they have developed a new computer model to examine what really happens, on a global scale, when plants colonise the soil and start taking in moisture and carbon from the atmosphere.

Abstract: «The patterns of time / space changes in near - surface temperature due to the separate forcing components are simulated with a coupled atmosphere — ocean general circulation model»

I had little confidence that the equations / parameters were the best ones to represent the atmosphere but know that by continually tweeking and tweeking, it resulted in the changes which moved my model in the right direction and finally showed what it was supposed to show, to get the result we needed to pass.

What's lost in a lot of the discussion about human - caused climate change is not that the sum of human activities is leading to some warming of the earth's temperature, but that the observed rate of warming (both at the earth's surface and throughout the lower atmosphere) is considerably less than has been anticipated by the collection of climate models upon whose projections climate alarm (i.e., justification for strict restrictions on the use of fossil fuels) is built.

The best the climate scientists have done is to test theories of how CO2 may change the climate, but constructing climate models and then recording how those models (not the actual climate) respond to changes in the amount of virtual CO2 in their virtual atmospheres doesn't prove or confirm anything.

Rainfall from resolved rather than parameterized processes better represents the present ‐ day and climate change response of moderate rates in the community atmosphere model.

Only in computer models using the «external forcing» wheeze of a step change in emitted radiation at the top of the model atmosphere can these factors be regarded as forcing agents.

Sea surface temperature (SST) measured from Earth Observation Satellites in considerable spatial detail and at high frequency, is increasingly required for use in the context of operational monitoring and forecasting of the ocean, for assimilation into coupled ocean - atmosphere model systems and for applications in short - term numerical weather prediction and longer term climate change detection.