The team used a computer model originally developed by the U.S. Department of Energy to
model fuel combustion.
Not exact matches
In a
modeling study of coal, oil, and natural gas, Zhang and Caldeira compared the warming caused by
combustion to the warming caused by the carbon dioxide released by a single instance of burning, such as one lump of coal, and by a power plant that is continuously burning
fuel.
«Engine developers can use this information to validate computer
models and design advanced engine
combustion strategies that will improve
fuel economy for consumers while also lowering tailpipe pollutant emissions.»
Despite the unconventional powertrain and
fuel tank, the car itself is little different from Reynard's internal -
combustion engine
models.
With this knowledge, researchers can develop better climate
models and improve
fuel combustion efficiency.
As a result, this new
combustion strategy requires detailed knowledge of fundamental mechanisms, including
fuel spray and mixture preparation, detailed ignition chemistry mechanisms and concurrent numerical approaches to turbulence
modeling and simultaneous reaction chemistry
modeling.
Before you question the environmental impact of this apparently antiquated setup, keep in mind the big Lexus V8 utilises both Otto and Atkinson
combustion cycles - the latter familiar to drivers of the
fuel - sipping hybrid
models - improving efficiency.
Unlike the other gasoline
models, the Cruze's 2.0 diesel is only available with an automatic transmission, and is the only engine that features direct
fuel injection — a modern engine innovation that promotes more efficient
combustion and increases power relative to the volume of
fuel used.
This a modular concept that allows three
models with different drive configurations: the BlueZERO E-CELL with battery - electric drive and a range of up to 200 kilometres using electric drive alone, the BlueZERO F - CELL (
fuel cell) with a range of 250 miles using electric drive and the BlueZERO E-CELL PLUS with electric drive and additional internal
combustion engine as power generator (range extender).
The 2011 Sonata has a 2.4 - liter four - cylinder with direct injection —
fuel is injected directly into the
combustion chamber for greater efficiency — that pumps out 200 horsepower in the test
model, an SE.
In the MINI Countryman Plug - In Hybrid
model (
fuel consumption combined: 2.3 - 2.1 l / 100 km, combined power consumption: 14.0 - 13.2 kWh / 100 km combined with CO2 emissions from
fuel: 52 - 49 g / km), the combination of an internal
combustion engine with an electric drive provides a system output of 165 kW / 224 hp and an intelligent hybrid - specific all - wheel drive system.
Unlike the first - generation
model, which relied on a single
combustion engine, the all - new NSX is built around a sophisticated gasoline - electric hybrid powertrain that delivers both high levels of power and impressive
fuel efficiency.
The Trump administration may be intent on lowering
fuel economy standards for 2022 - 2025
model year vehicles, but automakers said last week that it won't slow the pace of their research and development to make internal
combustion engines more efficient.
So if it looks like a Focus, but doesn't sound like or drink
fuel like a Focus, can it still possess the enjoyable qualities of the
combustion model's driver focused package?
The two scientists, with colleagues from the UK, the U.S., the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, report in Nature Climate Change that they used mathematical
models to simulate the effect of temperature rise as a response to ever - greater global emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, from the
combustion of fossil
fuels.
Utilising innovative «natural draft» technology, the stove achieves more complete
combustion of charcoal
fuel than conventional stove
models.
The more complex explanation is even more sobering — carbon cycle
models indicate that ~ 25 percent of CO2 from fossil
fuel combustion will remain in the atmosphere for thousands of years, and ~ 7 percent longer than one hundred thousand years.
The Vanguard engine features variable valve timing, currently used in most Toyota and Honda
models as well as many Ford vehicles, which better controls the flow of air and
fuel into the engine, leading to more efficient
combustion and improved performance.