States that have moved in this direction have taken a variety of approaches, mostly variations on
the Model Rule Comment, as Ambrogi explains here.
In between
the Model Rule comment on competence and the detailed ethics opinions on cloud computing and metadata falls the idea that attorneys must possess general technological competence in order to meet their ethical obligations — not because the rules have changed but because the world has changed.
Not exact matches
It doesn't help that 10 - year bond yields are still lower than the prospective operating earnings yield on the S&P 500 (the «Fed
Model»), not only because the model is built on an omitted variables bias (see the August 22 2005 comment), but also because the model statistically underperforms a simpler rule that says «get in when stock yields are high and interest rates are falling, and get out when the reverse is true.&r
Model»), not only because the
model is built on an omitted variables bias (see the August 22 2005 comment), but also because the model statistically underperforms a simpler rule that says «get in when stock yields are high and interest rates are falling, and get out when the reverse is true.&r
model is built on an omitted variables bias (see the August 22 2005
comment), but also because the
model statistically underperforms a simpler rule that says «get in when stock yields are high and interest rates are falling, and get out when the reverse is true.&r
model statistically underperforms a simpler
rule that says «get in when stock yields are high and interest rates are falling, and get out when the reverse is true.»
Mick Mulvaney's recent
comments about the CFPB Qualified Mortgage
rule have triggered a debate over whether regulators should take into account more than one underwriting
model.
Because I have spent a lot of time with those
comments that were not addressed, I want the record to show exactly what the regulated community and one retired guy who no longer has any ties to that community were worried enough about to submit relative to the following changes described in the summary of
model rule updates.
EPA is seeking
comment on whether the
model rule and proposed federal plan should include auctioning of some or all allowances, rather than free allocation, despite these requirements.)
RFF experts
comment on proposed requirements for greenhouse gas emissions and
model trading
rules under the Clean Power Plan, giving ten recommendations about allowance allocation, requirements for state compliance plans, and EPA's role in implementation.
Over the next year, states will be working with stakeholders to submit plans to implement the new federal Clean Power Plan and submit
comments on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) proposed federal implementation plan and
model rules.
The ABA Commission on Ethics 20/20 is seeking
comments on a newly released Issues Paper entitled «Issues Paper Concerning
Model Rule of Professional Conduct 5.5 and the Limits on Virtual Presence in a Jurisdiction.»
Among a number of
rules amendments, the order amended SCR 3.130 (1.1), Kentucky's corollary to ABA
Model Rule 1.1 on competence, to add the same Comment 6 as the model
Model Rule 1.1 on competence, to add the same Comment 6 as the model r
Rule 1.1 on competence, to add the same
Comment 6 as the
model model rulerule:
Among the amendments, the order approves adoption of the language of
Comment 8 of ABA
Model Rule 1.1 pertaining to technology competence.
In a January 19, 2012 letter, the Committee proposed the following changes to
Rule 7.1 and
Comment 1 of the
Model Rules:
As with all ABA
Model Rules, the states can choose whether to adopt the
rule and the
comments or not.
Following on the ABA's Ethics 20/20 Commission's proposed revisions to the
Model Rules, North Carolina proposed in 2014 amendments specifically to address the growing use of technology, including proposing to adopt
comment 8 to
Rule 1.1.
That brings to 26 the number of states that have adopted some version of
Comment 8 to ABA
Model Rule 1.1.
Beyond
Model Rule 1.1 and
comment 8, ethics regulators recognize the practice of law has evolved.
And it adds a new
comment to
Model Rule 7.2 to address marketing methods like Total Attorneys, Martindale - Hubbell's Lawyers.com and even, yes, Groupon.
In
Comment 8 to
Rule 1.1 of the ABA
Model Rules of Professional Conduct, the ABA explicitly imposes the duty of technological competence on lawyers as a reminder to lawyers that they should remain aware of technology.
Model Rule 1.1 has been adopted by 49 states (all but California), but the
comments are not always incorporated.
Comment on
Rule 1.15 in the American Bar Association's
Model Rules of Professional Conduct states, «A lawyer should maintain on a current basis books and records in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice and comply with any recordkeeping rules established by law or court order.&r
Rules of Professional Conduct states, «A lawyer should maintain on a current basis books and records in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice and comply with any recordkeeping
rules established by law or court order.&r
rules established by law or court order.»
«By addressing this issue in a
comment, however, the compromise did not make manifestations of bias or prejudice such as discrimination or harassment a separate and direct violation of the
Model Rules,» states the committee's memorandum accompanying its proposed amendments.
Comment 3 to
Rule 7.2 of the
Model Rules of Professional Conduct points out that questions of effectiveness and taste in advertising are «matters of speculation and subjective judgment.»
The committee's proposal «moves beyond the
comment to craft a distinct
rule within the black letter of the
Model Rules of Professional Conduct prohibiting lawyers from engaging in harassment and knowing discrimination in conduct related to the practice of law» against people on the basis of race, sex, religion, national origin, ethnicity, disability, age, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status or socioeconomic status.
26 states have adopted in some form ABA
Model Rule 1.1
comment 8.1
This has been codified in
Comment 8 to ABA
Model Rule 1.1 as a basic requirement of competence, so hardly should be controversial.
Some states have followed the ABA's lead, adopting some or all of the language in the
comments to
Model Rule 1.6.
Many experts point out the amended
Comment 8 to
Model Rule 1.1 as the golden rule for lawyer's technological compete
Rule 1.1 as the golden
rule for lawyer's technological compete
rule for lawyer's technological competence.
The change amended
comment 8 to the
model rule, and it basically just stuck in one phrase.
The Illinois change mirrors the
Model Rule and amends
Comment 8 to
Rule 1.1, Competence, to read (changed text is underlined): -LSB-...]
The amendment to the
rule on maintaining competence adds the phrase adopted by the ABA in 2012 in Model Rule 1.1, Commen
rule on maintaining competence adds the phrase adopted by the ABA in 2012 in
Model Rule 1.1, Commen
Rule 1.1,
Comment 8.
Specifically, the ABA amended the
comment to
Model Rule 1.1, governing lawyer competence, to say that, in addition to keeping abreast of changes in the law and its practice, a lawyer should keep abreast of «the benefits and risks associated with relevant technology.»
Specifically, the ABA voted to amend the
comment to
Model Rule 1.1, governing lawyer competence, to say that, in addition to keeping abreast of changes in the law and its practice, a lawyer should keep abreast of «the benefits and risks associated with relevant technology.»
In addition, a
comment to
Model Rule 1.6 clarifies that an attorney may disclose information to establish entitlement to a fee in a collection action.
Colorado's version of
Comment 8, which was adopted and became effective on April 6, 2016, differs from the
Model Rule.
Specifically, the ABA amended the
comment to
Model Rule 1.1, governing lawyer competence, to say that, in addition to keeping abreast of changes in the -LSB-...]
Comment 4 to
Model Rule 3.5 helps clarify where attorneys need to draw a line when faced with a conflict between their possible personal right to expression and their duties to a client:
The amendments include addition of the following highlighted language to the
Comment to
Model Rule 1.1 Competence:
The
comment references
Model Rule 5.1 (Responsibilities of Partners, Managers, and Supervisory Lawyers) and
Model Rule 5.3 (Responsibilities Regarding Nonlawyer Assistants), which are also important in attorneys» use of technology.
(
Model Rule 1.1) «This duty is already described in several existing
Comments, but the Commission concluded that, in light of the pervasive use of technology to store and transmit confidential client information, this existing obligation should be stated explicitly in the black letter of
Model Rule 1.6.»
The Ethics 2000 revisions to the
model rules (over 10 years ago) added
Comment 16 to
Rule 1.6.
Model Rule 1.7 deals with conflicts of interest, and
comment 1 specifically prohibits «a lawyer's own interests» from impacting the lawyer's loyalty to the client.
Obligated to remain ahead of the curve,
comment 8 to
Rule 1.1 of the ABA
Model Rules of Professional Conduct demands competence in both practice and technology.
These
comments demonstrate that many associated with the ABA (including at least two members of the House of Delegates) either are not familiar with or have chosen to disregard — if not reject — Terry's admonition that «when the ABA prepares
model rules, it should not be acting with its «trade representative» hat on, nor should it try to advance the self - interest of its members.»
The
Comment to ABA
Model Rule of Professional Conduct 7.6 states that «lawyers have a right to participate fully in the political process, which includes making and soliciting political contributions to candidates for judicial and other public office.»
Among the amendments, the court adopted
Comment 8 of the ABA's
Model Rules of Professional Conduct, which says that attorneys» duty to keep abreast of changes in the law and its practice includes «the benefits and risks associated with relevant technology.»
As I continue to track the states that have adopted the ethical duty of technology competence, I have learned that the Vermont Professional Responsibility Board yesterday voted to recommend that the Vermont Supreme Court adopt the language in
Comment 8 to ABA
Model Rule 1.1.
More specifically, the ABA's House of Delegates voted to amend
Comment 8 to
Model Rule 1.1, which pertains to competence, to read as follows:
With the amendment to the
comments to ABA
Model Rule 1.1 regarding competency, it now falls on the lawyers to understand the «risks and benefits of technology» as applied to delivering legal services.
For starters, staying abreast of changes in technology is now a requirement that was recently added to the
comments of the ABA's
Model Rule 1.1 relating to an attorney's competency and more than 20 state bars have adopted that requirement as well.
Ever since the American Bar Association modified «Competence»
Model Rule 1.1,
comment 8 in 2012 requiring lawyers to «keep abreast of changes in the law and its practice, including the benefits and risks associated with relevant technology,» legal technology focused articles and commentary have flourished (just see #legaltech).