The scale showed
moderate correlation of 0.42 with Attitude towards Love Scale (Knox & Sporakowski, 1968) indicating convergent validity.
As evidenced, teachers in the lowest 20 % on the VAM score have differences in the mean observational score depending on the VAM score (
a moderate correlation of r = 0.50), but for the other 80 %, knowing the VAM score is not informative as there is a very small correlation for the second quintile and no correlation for the upper 60 %.
For LDL - C control among enrollees with diabetes (Figure 3B), however,
a moderate correlation of borderline statistical significance (R = − 0.21; P =.08) was observed between higher quality and lower disparity.
Results show
moderate correlations of 0.30 — 0.45 between prospective and retrospective measures.
Not exact matches
In addition, when
correlations were constrained to the time period that satellite burned area observations were available from the
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)(2001 - 2012), and thus where estimates
of land - use change carbon emissions were more certain2,
correlations between fire weather season length, long fire season affected area and net land carbon fluxes increased substantially to ρ = − 0.797 and ρ = − 0.825, respectively, n = 12, P < 0.01).
We were able to detect expression above threshold for only 39.8 %
of the 1107 OR genes present in the microarray and for 57.4 %
of the 197 VR genes represented in the array, consequently there are only
moderate correlations between microarray and RNAseq receptor abundance estimates.
At the same time, however, other studies have shown a
correlation between
moderate alcohol consumption and increased risk
of breast cancer.
More modern research that makes these adjustments seems to find no
correlation between coffee consumption (at least in
moderate levels) and risk
of heart disease, stroke or cancer.
The 2010 Committee Opinion
of the American College
of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated that «
Moderate caffeine consumption (less than 200 mg per day) does not appear to be a major contributing factor in miscarriage;... a final conclusion can not be made as to whether there is a
correlation between high caffeine intake and miscarriage15.»
Moreover, there was a
moderate correlation between the change in muscle fascicle length and the change in the angle
of peak torque when measured concentrically (r = 0.57) but not when measured eccentrically (r = 0.17).
The
correlation between the portfolio scores and the Uniform Writing assessment were
moderate, as one might expect from other research; however, these same levels
of correlations were found between writing portfolios and a multiple choice math test.
These
correlations are small to
moderate, and certainly not «strong,» and definitely not «strong» enough to warrant high - stakes decisions (e.g., teacher termination) given everything (i.e., the unexplained variance) that is still not captured among these multiple measures... and that still threatens the validity
of the inferences to be drawn from these measures combined.
On average, the strength
of the
correlation between computer technologies and student achievement varies from low to
moderate.
Indeed this is true, although the
correlations they observed, as aligned with what is increasingly becoming a saturated finding in the literature (see similar findings about the Marzano observational framework here; see similar findings from other studies here, here, and here; see also other studies as cited by authors
of this study on p. 13 - 14 here), is that the magnitude and practical significance
of these
correlations are «very weak» (e.g., r =.18) to «
moderate» (e.g., r =.45,.46, and.48).
Then I insert a group
of teachers (as Audrey described) who represent 20 %
of a population and teach a disproportionate number
of students who come from relatively lower socioeconomic, high racial minority, etc. backgrounds, and I assume this group is measured with negative bias on both indicators and this group has a
moderate correlation between indicators
of r = 0.50.
She used R (i.e., a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics) to simulate
correlation scatterplots (see Figures below) to illustrate three unique situations: (1) a simulation where there are two indicators (e.g., teacher value - added and observational estimates plotted on the x and y axes) that have a
correlation of r = 0.28 (the highest
correlation coefficient at issue in the aforementioned post); (2) a simulation exploring the impact
of negative bias and a
moderate correlation on a group
of teachers; and (3) another simulation with two indicators that have a non-linear relationship possibly induced or caused by bias.
The
correlation to oil
of many stock markets is only
moderate at best.
Please note that the mid-cyclical sectors tend to have
moderate correlations with the various phases
of the business cycle.
Moderate to strong
correlation between CanSIPS mean storm track density and ERA - Interim track density are found across the primary storm track in the North Pacific and in the primary formation regions for Atlantic cyclones affecting North America (Gulf
of Mexico and Cape Hatteras) Most CanSIPS bias in the North Pacific is centralized in the exit regions
of the Pacific storm track, localized to Gulf
of Alaska and coastal BC.
While there haven't been any studies that show a strong
correlation between violent video games and violent action — most studies seem to indicate that
moderate video game use is actually socially and cognitively beneficial for children — I think most would agree that it's probably not good to expose young children to violent content, regardless
of media format.
However, the
correlation for the first administration's six work value scores and the second administration's six work values scores ranged between.35 (Achievement) and.58 (Support), indicating that the WIL has a low - to -
moderate ability to reliably measure each
of the six work values over the two month interval.
Of the five hypothesized zero - order
correlations between the Abrasive Personality Disorder scale and the CATI personality disorder scales, three were strong and significant, and seven personality disorder scales had at least
moderate or stronger
correlations (e.g., r ≥.30).
There is a growing body
of evidence suggesting that dividing ASD symptoms into these sub-domains is meaningful (Happé and Ronald 2008); although the behaviours occur together frequently, both phenotypic and genetic
correlations between them are only
moderate, suggesting that the three sub-domains are to some extent clinically and genetically separable (Ronald et al. 2006a, b).
Reliability and validity in inpatient and outpatient populations have been demonstrated, with high test - retest reliability and
moderate to high
correlations with discharge diagnoses.34 - 38 The Children's Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes was used because its psychometric properties mimic those
of other structured interviews while offering pragmatic advantages, including shorter administration time, a detailed training manual, ease
of administration, and a concise response booklet.39 These instruments were administered at baseline to document lifetime and current presence or absence
of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses.
First, the intensity
of the
correlations of these five constructs is only
moderate.
Oshio et al. (2012) de - veloped the Japanese version by following translation back - translation steps and showed a sufficient test - retest reliability with a 12 - week interval and
moderate to strong
correlations between traditional measures
of big - five personality traits such as the NEO Five - Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992).
Grandmother and grandfather reports had low to
moderate correlations with target reports
of offspring (grandmother [positive r = −.08; negative r =.11]; grandfather [positive r = −.07; negative r =.12]-RRB- and offspring reports
of target (grandmother [positive r =.13; negative r =.02]; grandfather [positive r =.01; negative r =.18]-RRB-.
Convergent validity
of the scale is demonstrated when the scale has
moderate to high
correlations with measures
of conceptually related constructs; and discriminant validity is observed if the scale has low or no
correlation with measures
of less or non-related constructs.
For example, as expected, the scales for optimism, self - concept, and satisfaction with life correlated strongly positively with each other, and negatively with sadness and worries, whereas the scales
of empathy and prosocial behavior exhibited
correlations of small effect size with sadness and worries, and small to
moderate ones with optimism, self - concept, and satisfaction with life.
Similarly, the presence
of meaning had positive and significant
correlations (all ps <.01) with the dimensions
of CD - RISC, varying from weak (r =.23, Spiritual influences) to
moderate (r =.55, control), M =.39.
The majority (52.8 %)
of correlations were
moderate, 10 (27.8 %) were strong, 4 (11.1 %) were weak, and 3 (8.3 %) were very weak.
The
correlations of Presence
of meaning with measures
of well - being were positive and significant ranging from weak (r =.35, p <.01, with Hope pathways) to
moderate (r =.53 with life satisfaction, p <.01), M =.45.
Independent sample t - test was used to compare the level
of self - esteem, family function score and social support score between the two groups with and without grandparenting experience; Pearson
correlation was calculated to explore how levels
of self - esteem and family functions as well as perceived social support were related; Hierarchical regression analysis was applied to examine the
moderating effect
of social support on the relationship between family function and self - esteem.
The intraclass
correlation for relationship closeness was.31, suggesting that individuals showed a
moderate level
of consistency in their perceptions
of closeness with social relationships, with shared variance
of about 31 %.
Bradley10 concluded that in general,
correlations between Home Observation for Measurement
of the Environment (HOME) Inventory scores, which include the provision
of learning materials, language and learning stimulation, variety in experience and active stimulation, and measures
of children's developmental status and intelligence, are low to
moderate -LRB-.2 to.6) during the first two years and
moderate -LRB-.3 to.6) from three to five years
of age.
When the combined data set was separated by intelligence measure, only the younger group (Mullen) displayed
moderate correlation between parental depression and adaptive behavior, suggesting that the strength
of a linear relationship between these two variables is much stronger in younger deaf children as compared to older deaf children.
In a review
of adaptive behavior research, Harrison (1987) reported that the relationship between intelligence and adaptive behavior was
moderate with
correlations ranging from.40 to.60.
The contextual environment was found to
moderate the biological process
of evocative biology - environment
correlation, providing empirical support for the Bronfenbrenner and Ceci (1994) Bioecological Model.
Stability for CU traits and number
of ODD - symptoms between ages 3 and 5 was statistically significant but
moderate - low (intra-class
correlation under.40).
TY - JOUR AU - Choi Jung - Hun AU - Kwon Sun Jung AU - Lee Jae - Kap AU - Suh Kyung - Hyun TI - The Relationship between Stress and Gambling Problem: The
Moderating role
of Leisure activity and Happiness experience T2 - Korean Journal
of Health Psychology PY - 2014 VL - 19 IS - 3 PB - Korean Health Psychological Association SP - 851 - 863 SN - 1229 - 070X AB - The purpose
of this study is to examine whether there is
correlation between stress and the gambling problem and also explore whether leisure activity and happiness experience regulate the process.
The stability measures
of ODD and CU between ages 3 and 5 yielded significant (p <.001) but
moderate - low coefficients: intra-class
correlation was.31 for callousness,.40 for uncaring,.03 for unemotional,.40 for total score and.42 for number
of ODD symptoms.
Child report and parent report
of parenting behavior were combined to form composite questionnaire ratings
of parenting behavior, which was justified on the basis
of the
moderate positive
correlations between child and parent reports (average
correlation between child and mother report r = 0.24; average
correlation between child and father report r = 0.22) and the improved reliabilities
of the composite scales in comparison to the individual scales.
At 12 months
of age, there were
moderate correlations between maternal concerns and infant behavior, and concerns were associated with the proband's autism symptoms and mothers» concurrent depressive symptoms.
In terms
of QoL, the assessments
of mothers and fathers in the two groups were correlated in two domains: social relationships and environmental (
moderate correlations).
The MCRS has been used in families
of children with traumatic brain injuries with evidence
of high inter-rater reliability (ICCs =.76 — .96) and
moderate correlations with the Family Assessment Device (r's =.38 — .62; Barney & Max, 2005; Max et al., 1997; Max, Lindgren, Pearson, Ihrig, Welborn, 1998).
A
moderate correlation with parenting style would provide evidence
of convergent validity, as authoritative parenting theory would predict that positive parenting style would be associated with more optimal - specific parenting behaviors.
The
correlations of the items to their respective subscales ranged from
moderate to high (r = 0.47 — 0.73).
All
correlations were weak or
moderate, the strongest being the
correlation between the assessment
of family functioning and quality
of life with respect to social relationships and psychological domains.
Construct validity was also established using measures
of children's social — emotional competencies and internalizing / externalizing problems and yielded
moderate - to - strong
correlations across all forms
of the screeners.