Not exact matches
While some
breeds are routinely subjected to ear - cropping in the United States, this is almost entirely a cosmetic (and in the opinion of most, cruel) surgical mutilation with its roots in the ancestral jobs of certain
working breeds, but which has no relevance in the life of a
modern dog — and only very mildly helps to combat ear problems, if at all.
The
modern German Shepherd
breed is criticized by some for straying away from Max von Stephanitz's original ideology that German Shepherds should be
bred primarily as
working dogs and that
breeding should be strictly controlled to eliminate defects quickly.
In
dogs, the term
breed is used two ways: loosely, to refer to
dog types or landraces of
dog (also called natural
breeds or ancient
breeds); or more precisely, to refer to
modern breeds of
dog, which are documented so as to be known to be descended from specific ancestors, that closely resemble others of their
breed in appearance, movement, way of
working and other characters; and that reproduce with offspring closely resembling each other and their parents.
Until
modern times the
breed worked as
dogs that herded and prodded cattle along by nipping and barking at their hooves.
Examples: the English Bulldog of the 1800's (not the
modern version, which is just a pet today and incapable of doing this
work), Pit Bull Terrier, Bull Terrier, Cane Corso, Dogo Argentino, and mixed
bred «pig
dogs».
The domestic
dog should be preserved within a variety of
breeds and
breed types using a combination of
modern genetics, finding uses for the different
dogs we allow to be born, and deploying
dogs for roles ranging from pet to professional
work.
International standardised testing protocols and terminology in canine behavioural evaluations should facilitate selection against behavioural disorders in the
modern dog and optimise
breeding success and performance in
working dogs.