Sentences with phrase «modes of transmission in»

Though they use quite different materials, these artists address communication and modes of transmission in...

Not exact matches

In strict science, we can only write down the bare fact of concomitance; and all talk about either production or transmission, as the mode of taking place, is pure superadded hypothesis, and metaphysical hypothesis at that, for we can frame no more notion of the details on the one alternative than on the other.

Other uncommon modes of transmission have been described in a small number of cases, including pre-mastication of food for infants and from breastfeeding infants to women (14, 15).

If you think about these modes of transmission, in which it might be a decade before a person has another partner, you realize that rapidly replicating is not very valuable — the winning strategy for the microbe would be to keep a low profile, requiring persistent infections for years.

Asia, for example, once had an epidemic driven mainly by sex work and injecting drug use, but heterosexual sex in China and Indonesia, each of which has enormous populations, now has become a major mode of transmission.

Prof Xiao - Nong Zhou from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention who was also involved in this study commented, «We are continuing to work on research into the sources of infection of H7N9 and the mode of transmission.

Contracted through the bite of an infected mosquito or through sexual or other modes of transmission, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can be prenatally passed from mother to fetus.1 The virus was first identified in the region of the Americas in early 2015, when local transmission was reported in Brazil.2 Six months later, a notable increase in the number of infants with congenital microcephaly was observed in northeast Brazil.3, 4 Clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory evidence led investigators to conclude that intrauterine ZIKV infection was a cause of microcephaly and serious brain anomalies.5 - 7 However, as with other newly recognized teratogens, these features likely represent a portion of a broader spectrum.

Susan Amara, USA - «Regulation of transporter function and trafficking by amphetamines, Structure - function relationships in excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs), Modulation of dopamine transporters (DAT) by GPCRs, Genetics and functional analyses of human trace amine receptors» Tom I. Bonner, USA (Past Core Member)- Genomics, G protein coupled receptors Michel Bouvier, Canada - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - Coupled Receptors; Molecular mechanisms controlling the selectivity and efficacy of GPCR signalling Thomas Burris, USA - Nuclear Receptor Pharmacology and Drug Discovery William A. Catterall, USA (Past Core Member)- The Molecular Basis of Electrical Excitability Steven Charlton, UK - Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Moses Chao, USA - Mechanisms of Neurotophin Receptor Signaling Mark Coles, UK - Cellular differentiation, human embryonic stem cells, stromal cells, haematopoietic stem cells, organogenesis, lymphoid microenvironments, develomental immunology Steven L. Colletti, USA Graham L Collingridge, UK Philippe Delerive, France - Metabolic Research (diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, cardio - vascular diseases, nuclear hormone receptor, GPCRs, kinases) Sir Colin T. Dollery, UK (Founder and Past Core Member) Richard M. Eglen, UK Stephen M. Foord, UK David Gloriam, Denmark - GPCRs, databases, computational drug design, orphan recetpors Gillian Gray, UK Debbie Hay, New Zealand - G protein - coupled receptors, peptide receptors, CGRP, Amylin, Adrenomedullin, Migraine, Diabetes / obesity Allyn C. Howlett, USA Franz Hofmann, Germany - Voltage dependent calcium channels and the positive inotropic effect of beta adrenergic stimulation; cardiovascular function of cGMP protein kinase Yu Huang, Hong Kong - Endothelial and Metabolic Dysfunction, and Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Estrogen Deficiency, Endothelium - derived Contracting Factors in the Regulation of Vascular Tone, Adipose Tissue Regulation of Vascular Function in Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension, Pharmacological Characterization of New Anti-diabetic and Anti-hypertensive Drugs, Hypotensive and antioxidant Actions of Biologically Active Components of Traditional Chinese Herbs and Natural Plants including Polypehnols and Ginsenosides Adriaan P. IJzerman, The Netherlands - G protein - coupled receptors; allosteric modulation; binding kinetics Michael F Jarvis, USA - Purines and Purinergic Receptors and Voltage-gated ion channel (sodium and calcium) pharmacology Pain mechanisms Research Reproducibility Bong - Kiun Kaang, Korea - G protein - coupled receptors; Glutamate receptors; Neuropsychiatric disorders Eamonn Kelly, Prof, UK - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - coupled receptors, in particular opioid receptors, regulation of GPCRs by kinasis and arrestins Terry Kenakin, USA - Drug receptor pharmacodynamics, receptor theory Janos Kiss, Hungary - Neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease Stefan Knapp, Germany - Rational design of highly selective inhibitors (so call chemical probes) targeting protein kinases as well as protein interaction inhibitors of the bromodomain family Andrew Knight, UK Chris Langmead, Australia - Drug discovery, GPCRs, neuroscience and analytical pharmacology Vincent Laudet, France (Past Core Member)- Evolution of the Nuclear Receptor / Ligand couple Margaret R. MacLean, UK - Serotonin, endothelin, estrogen, microRNAs and pulmonary hyperten Neil Marrion, UK - Calcium - activated potassium channels, neuronal excitability Fiona Marshall, UK - GPCR molecular pharmacology, structure and drug discovery Alistair Mathie, UK - Ion channel structure, function and regulation, pain and the nervous system Ian McGrath, UK - Adrenoceptors; autonomic transmission; vascular pharmacology Graeme Milligan, UK - Structure, function and regulation of G protein - coupled receptors Richard Neubig, USA (Past Core Member)- G protein signaling; academic drug discovery Stefan Offermanns, Germany - G protein - coupled receptors, vascular / metabolic signaling Richard Olsen, USA - Structure and function of GABA - A receptors; mode of action of GABAergic drugs including general anesthetics and ethanol Jean - Philippe Pin, France (Past Core Member)- GPCR - mGLuR - GABAB - structure function relationship - pharmacology - biophysics Helgi Schiöth, Sweden David Searls, USA - Bioinformatics Graeme Semple, USA - GPCR Medicinal Chemistry Patrick M. Sexton, Australia - G protein - coupled receptors Roland Staal, USA - Microglia and neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain and neurological disorders Bart Staels, France - Nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) transporters

In a study that was published by the Application of Clinical Genetics [7] bipolar disorder is described as a complex, genetic disorder whose mode of transmission is still unknown.

As has become the norm, comfort and sport modes allow drivers to tailor the damping behaviour to suit different driving styles, along with equivalent changes to steering effort, transmission and throttle response, and in the case of Eco mode, different air conditioning settings.

While both our Jaguar and our Infiniti had driver - selectable modes that control throttle and transmission mapping, in neither of our test cars did those selections extend to the suspension (Jaguar does offer that capability but for the XFR only).

The improved Speedshift MCT seven - speed transmission always finds the proper gear on its own in the Track setting, but manual mode lays power down more effectively (though overeager, heavy - footed drivers may still find the lure of wheel - spinning torque too tempting to resist).

It doesn't help that in its default Eco mode the transmission is reluctant to downshift unless you're really deep into the throttle, which will likely save lots of fuel but saps some of the fun from driving the Q30.

There's little point revving it out — performance starts to tail off beyond 4000rpm, and the engine will change up when it hits its 4800rpm redline regardless of which transmission mode you're in.

Back in the transmission's normal mode the shifts are slurred like a traditional automatic gearbox, but the same mighty performance is always on tap regardless of your driving mode.

Even though Sport mode will further sharpen the claws of this hard - core softtop, the steering isn't as ultraquick as you'll find in a Ferrari 458 Italia, the transmission isn't as machine - gun rapid as that of the McLaren MP4 - 12C, and the damper calibration isn't as crash - bang hard as that of any 911 adorned with a GT badge.

The engineering of this ultramodern car is absolutely unreal: a monocoque built from carbon - fiber - reinforced plastic; a racing - type weight distribution of 43 percent front / 57 percent rear; rear tires that are each over a foot wide; a plug - in hybrid powertrain with electric motors on each axle that delivers 19 miles of range in full - electric mode; a seven - speed PDK transmission; and a 4.6 - liter V - 8 engine that revs to 9150 rpm and makes 608 hp.

The six - speed ZF automatic transmission is doing its bit to soothe our progress through town, sliding imperceptibly between ratios in fully auto mode, though when we hit the open road and bring the steering - wheel paddles into play, it promises best - ever shift speeds and, with its locking torque converter, a new level of responsiveness.

The trunk is tiny, despite the absence of even a space - saver spare, but our main quarrel is with the six - speed manual transmission that harnesses electrohydraulic technology to change gears in the paddle - shift and automatic modes.

Two sets of buttons, which look to operate functions such as suspension dampening, traction control, the start - stop mechanism, exhaust sound, and a manual transmission mode sit in a V - 8 configuration to mimic the eight - cylinder, handmade AMG engine that will lurk up front.

With the six - speed dual - clutch automatic transmission in Race mode, Alfa says the 4C Spider will hit 60 mph in 4.1 seconds, before continuing on to a top speed of 160 mph.

And while the PDK transmission is nothing short of brilliant (leave it in Sport Plus mode, and it will automatically upshift and downshift to perfection), I flat out loved the manual.

This Porsche Doppelkupplung transmission shifts unbelievably quickly, with 911 - like levels of shifting action in automatic mode and from the steering - wheel - mounted paddles.

Once behind the wheel of a 35is at New Jersey Motorsports Park, though, we were content to leave the transmission in its automatic sport mode and simply savor the car's gobs of power and nice steering.

The car strains at its leash in Track mode like some kind of bad dog, since the transmission shifts so aggressively.

Some willingness on the transmission's part to stay in a lower gear — or the inclusion of a Sport mode or shift paddles for more driver control (the Chevrolet Cruze doesn't offer either)-- would be welcome.

The 7 - series» DSC includes a huge amount of sub-functions, including ABS (anti-lock brakes), ASC (stability control, including a separate mode for stabilizing a trailer), CBC (cornering brake control), DBC (Dynamic Brake Control, which recognizes panic situations and helps the driver to effect a full - braking panic stop with less pedal pressure), Brake Fade Compensation, Brake Drying (which applies the brakes slightly in wet conditions to keep the pads dry and thus ready for use), Brake Standby (which applies slight brake pressure in the event of a sudden lift from the gas, moving the brake pads up against the rotor for quicker response in a panic stop), Startoff Assistant (which prevents the 750i from rolling backwards down a hill as you start out), ACC Active Cruise Control (see below), and automatic brake hold (which holds the car at a stop even with the transmission in gear).

Speaking of downshifts, we liked the way the six - speed automatic transmission's character changes noticeably when in sport mode, but we did wish for rev - matching on manual downshifts and paddles to execute those shifts.

While the car is idling in D and stopped, the automatic transmission is sort of in a «ready - and - waiting» mode, with the torque converter partially engaged.

An optional suspension system tailors suspension firmness at the push of a button in the Mid, Sport and Green driving modes that also adjust throttle, steering and automatic transmission programming for a sportier or more comfortable driving experience.

Using a licensed form of General Motors» two - mode hybrid transmission, Chrysler briefly offered its Aspen and Dodge Durango SUVs as hybrids before scrapping both model lines in 2009.

Sport mode takes the opposite tack: A boost of power kicks in immediately and the transmission snaps off quicker shifts.

The SL63 handles impressively deftly, with the right combination of button presses on the transmission tunnel panel (gearbox to manual, ESP to Sport Handling mode, dampers in Comfort) creating a vivacious car rarely flummoxed by craggy British roads and with plenty of mechanical grip.

To complement the beauty, I need truth in the form of an engine producing more than 300 hp, a transmission that holds gears to the redline in manual mode, and steering with actual road feel.

(Granted, I left the transmission in comfort mode most of the time, so as not to wake the baby, but you shouldn't have to push a button before you're allowed to briskly pass slower traffic.)

Thankfully, the transmission won't upshift at the rev limiter or automatically downshift while in manual mode unless you press the kickdown switch at the bottom of the gas pedal's travel.

Eight LEDs in the tachometer progressively illuminate as the engine approaches its redline, and the transmission won't upshift automatically in any of its manual modes.

In fact, the sport mode's most noticeable change over the standard programming is the unnecessary and annoying act of locking the transmission out of top gear.

That's exacerbated when the transmission is in automatic mode - the lack of interruption in power during shifts makes the engine's note change sound just like a conventional automatic.

In manual mode or dynamic setting, the transmission was always game, with quick sharp gear changes, but it wasn't at the expense of harshness or any problems in city traffic or cruising along highwayIn manual mode or dynamic setting, the transmission was always game, with quick sharp gear changes, but it wasn't at the expense of harshness or any problems in city traffic or cruising along highwayin city traffic or cruising along highways.

Pressing the button in the center of the mode switch primes the engine and transmission for the fastest possible unleashing of power.

The semi-automatic transmission can be engaged in manual mode wherein one can up - shift or down - shift using the console - mounted shifter selecter or the paddle shifters just behind the steering wheel, without the need of a clutch pedal.

Pressing the button in the center of the mode switch primes the engine and transmission for the fastest possible unleashing of power (e.g. for overtaking).

Modern «Semi-automatic transmissions» usually have a fully automatic mode, where the driver does not need to change gears at all, operating in the same manner as a conventional type of automatic transmission by allowing the transmission's computer to automatically change gear if, for example, the driver were redlining the engine.

It uses a seven - speed automatic transmission with a smart accelerator pedal that selects the optimal combination of internal combustion engine and electric motor in the four driving modes and three transmission modes.

While the automatic transmission models have been developed to select the right gear at the right time depending on the mode chosen in the JaguarDrive Control ™ system and according to driving style, enthusiasts will make the most of manual shift control using the steering wheel - mounted paddles.

It does this by changing the accelerator mapping so that the same pedal travel delivers less power than in the standard mode; the transmission control strategy for the automatic gearbox is modified to bring forward upshifts and delay downshifts, while intelligent energy and climate management reduces mechanical power consumption and also the energy consumption of electrical systems - such as heated mirrors and seats.

When placed in Sport driving mode, the automatic transmission did on one occasion clunk inelegantly into gear when the car was driven with spirit on a twisting canyon road, but otherwise proved itself to be a model of refinement.

For extremely fast gear changes with no interruption in the flow of power, the 7 - speed Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) transmission, featuring both a manual and an automatic mode, is available as an option.

As well as changing gear automatically, in manual mode the transmission enables ultra-fast gear changes with no interruption in the flow of power.