Sentences with phrase «modes of variability in»

The first is based on extrapolating seasonal and interannual changes based on precise knowledge of today's state of the atmosphere and ocean combined with an understanding of how the various modes of variability in the ocean might develop.

Much of the inter-annual to decadal scale variability in surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly patterns and related ecosystem effects in the Arctic and elsewhere can be attributed to the superposition of leading modes of variability in the atmospheric circulation.

What we find is that when interannual modes of variability in the climate system have what I'll refer to as an «episode,» shifts in the multi-decadal global mean temperature trend appear to occur.

And the AD has become the dominant mode of variability in the Arctic since 2003 replacing the AO (Zhang X).

Likewise, the leading mode of variability in the Southern Hemisphere has been referred to as the High Latitude Mode and the Antarctic Oscillation, but is most commonly labeled the Southern Annular Mode in the recent literature.

From the paper: Over the whole globe, the dominant spatial mode of variability in OHC in the upper 300 m [as shown by the first empirical orthogonal function (EOF), which explains the most variance], occurs mainly in the tropical Pacific and has the structure of ENSO variability (Fig. 4, A and B).

This spatial pattern has been attributed to a trend towards the positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM)(e.g. Thompson and Solomon 2002; Marshall 2007), the leading mode of variability in the extra-tropical atmospheric circulation, characterized by atmospheric pressure anomalies of opposite sign between the polar latitudes and the mid-latitudes.

Not exact matches

Since we're still learning about the extent of the microbiome, the variability of its contents depending on the individual, their diet, their location, and other factors, and how altering it in one manner may or may not have a predictable impact, it is far too soon to begin to make specific claims concerning the life - long health consequences attached to a particular mode of birth.

«Although this widening is considered a «natural» mode of climate variability, implying tropical widening is primarily driven by internal dynamics of the climate system, we also show that anthropogenic pollutants have driven trends in the PDO,» Allen said.

In addition, climate models and observations suggest that there may be modes of variability which act on multi-decadal timescales, although understanding of such modes is currently limited3.

Hansen 1988 did use other forcing but he decoupled the ocean feedback writing, «we stress that this «surprise - free» representation of the ocean excludes the effects of natural variability of ocean transports and the possibility of switches in the basic mode of ocean circulation.»

Here we demonstrate that the multidcadal variability in NHT including the recent warming hiatus is tied to the NAT - NAO - AMO - AMOC coupled mode and the NAO is implicated as a useful predictor of NHT multidecadal variability.

In this region, much of the year - to - year temperature variability is associated with the leading mode of large - scale circulation variability in the North Atlantic, namely, the North Atlantic OscillatioIn this region, much of the year - to - year temperature variability is associated with the leading mode of large - scale circulation variability in the North Atlantic, namely, the North Atlantic Oscillatioin the North Atlantic, namely, the North Atlantic Oscillation.

Hsu, C.J., and F. Zwiers, 2001: Climate change in recurrent regimes and modes of atmospheric variability.

Progress in the simulation of important modes of climate variability has increased the overall confidence in the models» representation of important climate processes.

His research concerns understanding global climate and its variations using observations and covers the quasi biennial oscillation, Pacific decadal oscillation and the annular modes of the Arctic oscillation and the Antarctic oscillation, and the dominant spatial patterns in month - to - month and year - to - year climate variability, including the one through which El Niño phenomenon in the tropical Pacific influences climate over North America.

Changes in the mode of Southern Ocean circulation over the last glacial cycle revealed by foraminiferal stale isotopic variability.

While variability in the age of disease onset and incomplete pedigree information preclude us from drawing any definitive conclusions about the mode of inheritance, the available data is most consistent with an autosomal recessive pattern.

«Multidecadal variability of Atlantic tropical cyclone activity is observed to relate to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)-- a mode manifesting primarily in sea surface temperature (SST) in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic.

«There is high confidence that the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) will remain the dominant mode of natural climate variability in the 21st century with global influences in the 21st century, and that regional rainfall variability it induces likely intensifies.

Ocean and atmospheric indices — in this case the El Niño Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation and the North Pacific Oscillation — can be thought of as chaotic oscillators that capture the major modes of climate variability.

Patterns of variability that don't match the predicted fingerprints from the examined drivers (the «residuals») can be large — especially on short - time scales, and look in most cases like the modes of internal variability that we've been used to; ENSO / PDO, the North Atlantic multidecadal oscillation etc..

The attribution of the term at regional scales is complicated by significant regional variations in temperature changes due to the the influence of modes of climate variability such as the North Atlantic Oscillation and the El Nino / Southern Oscillation.

Regional modes of variability, such as the AMO, largely cancel out and make a very small contribution in the global mean SST changes.

Since ENSO is the dominant mode of interannual variability, this variance relative to the expected trend due to long - term rises in greenhouse gases implies a lower signal to noise ratio in the satellite data.

But, on the basis of studies of nonlinear chaotic models with preferred states or «regimes», it has been argued, that the spatial patterns of the response to anthropogenic forcing may in fact project principally onto modes of natural climate variability.

One key metric in this debate is the spatial pattern of cooling which may provide a «fingerprint» of the underlying climate change, whether that was externally forced (from solar or volcanic activity) or was part of an intrinsic mode of variability.

Ironically, while some continue to attack this nearly decade - old work, the actual scientific community has moved well beyond the earlier studies, focusing now on the detailed patterns of modeled and reconstructed climate changes in past centuries, and insights into the roles of external forcing and internal modes of variability (such as the North Atlantic Oscillation or «NAO» and the «El Nino / Southern Oscillation» or «ENSO») in explaining this past variability.

In many cases, it is now often possible to make and defend quantitative statements about the extent to which human - induced climate change (or another causal factor, such as a specific mode of natural variability) has influenced either the magnitude or the probability of occurrence of specific types of events or event classes.»

, but a suggestion for avoiding coupling shock: take a large number of model runs; for each assign a location in some n - space for indices of the more important modes of (internal) variability (but maybe also include indices for timing relative to and magnitude of eruptions, solar cycles, etc.).

Their correlations are based on a dynamic mode of variability (the Madden - Julian Oscillation) which has nothing to do with any SST forced response in the clouds.

The paper... offers a useful framework for which decadal variations in the global (or northern hemisphere) may be explained via large scale modes of oceanic variability.

The CO2 flux variability from the longest inversion correlates with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), an index of the dominant mode of atmospheric variability in the Southern Ocean.

Specifically, the claim was made that temperatures in Churchill, Manitoba (close to the center of the Western Hudson Bay population of bears) had not risen, and that instead, any multidecadal variations in temperatures affecting the bears were related to the Arctic Oscillation (AO), a mode of natural variability.

Variability in the marine carbon cycle has been observed in response to physical changes associated with the dominant modes of climate variability such as El Niño events and the PDO (Feely et al., 1999; Takahashi et al., 2006), and the NAO (Bates et al., 2002; Johnson and GruVariability in the marine carbon cycle has been observed in response to physical changes associated with the dominant modes of climate variability such as El Niño events and the PDO (Feely et al., 1999; Takahashi et al., 2006), and the NAO (Bates et al., 2002; Johnson and Gruvariability such as El Niño events and the PDO (Feely et al., 1999; Takahashi et al., 2006), and the NAO (Bates et al., 2002; Johnson and Gruber, 2007).

Ma, X., P. Chang, D. Wu, X. Lin, and R. Saravanan, 2014: Winter extreme flux events in the Kuroshio and Gulf Stream extension regions and relationship with modes of orth Pacific and Atlantic variability.

EMBRACE aims to significantly improve the parameterization of deep convection and its link to important modes of tropical climate variability in current ESMs.

The NAO is the dominant mode of winter climate variability in the North Atlantic region ranging from central North America to Europe and much into Northern Asia.

1) The MJO: as the dominant mode of intraseasonal variability in the tropics that couples with organized convective activity, the MJO has a considerable impact not only in the tropics, but also in the middle and high latitudes, and is considered as a major source of global predictability on the subseasonal time scale;

The authors conclude that the there is a higher retreat - rate for marine terminating glaciers in the recent warm period; in the 1930s when there is a natural mode of variability active that caused regional temperatures around Greenland to be anomalously warm, there was a higher retreat rate for land - terminating glaciers (the lower retreat rate today is in part because they are currently smaller).

Ocean and atmospheric indices — in this case the El Niño Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation and the North Pacific Oscillation — can be thought of as chaotic oscillators that capture the major modes of northern hemisphere climate variability.

It is important to note that as the planet continues to warm, new high temperature records and some other types of extremes will increasingly occur, but where they occur in a given year will not be predictable due to natural modes of climate variability.

In addition to regional climate change being strongly affected by natural modes of variability, geographic differences in climate change are related to the uneven spatial distribution of aerosols and tropospheric ozonIn addition to regional climate change being strongly affected by natural modes of variability, geographic differences in climate change are related to the uneven spatial distribution of aerosols and tropospheric ozonin climate change are related to the uneven spatial distribution of aerosols and tropospheric ozone.

«One of the major modes of climate variability is El Niño and when we're in El Niño there's a large area of warm sea surface temps in the Pacific,» this leads to more precipitation on the West Coast, Crouch said.

They constructed a numerical network model from 4 observed ocean and climate indices — ENSO, PDO, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Pacific Northwest Anomaly (PNA)-- thus capturing most of the major modes of climate variability in the period 1900 — 2000.

Part of this is a resolution issue, but the more important issue is the modes of natural internal variability, which the climate models do a so - so job on in a large - scale sense, but not in translating the impacts to a regional level.

They system, the nodes and the chaotic variability exists independently of minor changes in warming — although warming may ultimately push the system past a tippling point and change the climate mode.

(Note: the biggest issue is climate sensitivity, with a secondary issue being the magnitude of modes of natural internal variability on multi-decadal time scales, and tertiary issues associated model inadequacies in dealing with aerosol - cloud processes and solar indirect effects.)

And the origin of variability of the IPO is in the variability of north and south polar annular modes.

Since the climate system is never in equilibrium, all the different forcings and internal modes of variability combine to provide the climate response.