Sentences with phrase «modes of variability of»

Earth's history provides evidence of nonlinear switches in state or modes of variability of components of the climate system (6 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ — 10).

The indices themselves are not climate — the indices are oscillatory nodes that show modes of variability of the underlying, integral, networked system.

On this latter scale teleconnections manifest as a response of middle - latitude weather to the dominant modes of variability of the tropics (the Madden - Julian Oscillation and the Boreal Summer Intra-seasonal Oscillations, which similar to El Niño and La Niña characterize variations of climate but on shorter time scales).

[Response: The NAO is really just a measure of the dominant mode of variability of the Northern Hemisphere jet stream over the North Atlantic and neighboring regions.

As an intrinsic mode of variability of the large - scale atmospheric circulation, the NAO requires no external forcing for excitation (e.g., Hurrell and Deser 2009; Branstator and Selten 2009).

Not exact matches

Since we're still learning about the extent of the microbiome, the variability of its contents depending on the individual, their diet, their location, and other factors, and how altering it in one manner may or may not have a predictable impact, it is far too soon to begin to make specific claims concerning the life - long health consequences attached to a particular mode of birth.

«Although this widening is considered a «natural» mode of climate variability, implying tropical widening is primarily driven by internal dynamics of the climate system, we also show that anthropogenic pollutants have driven trends in the PDO,» Allen said.

Now scientists from Kyoto University and UC San Diego have discovered that this phenomenon occurred when the warming phase — «interdecadal variability mode» — of both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans coincided.

Modes of climate variability contribute to significant MHW variations both regionally, and globally, but do not greatly affect the centennial - scale secular changes described above.

The dominant mode of global - scale variability on interannual time scales is ENSO, although there have been times when it is less apparent.

In addition, climate models and observations suggest that there may be modes of variability which act on multi-decadal timescales, although understanding of such modes is currently limited3.

For example we know that the major modes of climate variability such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) project strongly onto Antarctic sea ice variability.

The NAO (North Atlantic oscillation) is one of the most dominant modes of global climate variability.

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is Europe's dominant mode of climate variability.

... On decadal to multidecadal timescales, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and the Atlantic tripole mode determine the variability of rainfall over India (Sen Roy et al., 2003; Lu et al., 2006; Zhang and Delworth, 2006; Li et al., 2008; Sen Roy, 2011; Krishnamurthy and Krishnamurthy, 2014a, 2014b, 2016b).

Hansen 1988 did use other forcing but he decoupled the ocean feedback writing, «we stress that this «surprise - free» representation of the ocean excludes the effects of natural variability of ocean transports and the possibility of switches in the basic mode of ocean circulation.»

The results indicate that naturally induced climate variations seem to be dominated by two internal variability modes of the ocean — atmosphere system: AMO and El Niño Southern Oscillation

Here we demonstrate that the multidcadal variability in NHT including the recent warming hiatus is tied to the NAT - NAO - AMO - AMOC coupled mode and the NAO is implicated as a useful predictor of NHT multidecadal variability.

In this region, much of the year - to - year temperature variability is associated with the leading mode of large - scale circulation variability in the North Atlantic, namely, the North Atlantic Oscillation.

Hsu, C.J., and F. Zwiers, 2001: Climate change in recurrent regimes and modes of atmospheric variability.

Mestas - Nunez, A.M., and D.B. Enfield, 1999: Rotated global modes of non-ENSO sea surface temperature variability.

Progress in the simulation of important modes of climate variability has increased the overall confidence in the models» representation of important climate processes.

His research concerns understanding global climate and its variations using observations and covers the quasi biennial oscillation, Pacific decadal oscillation and the annular modes of the Arctic oscillation and the Antarctic oscillation, and the dominant spatial patterns in month - to - month and year - to - year climate variability, including the one through which El Niño phenomenon in the tropical Pacific influences climate over North America.

Changes in the mode of Southern Ocean circulation over the last glacial cycle revealed by foraminiferal stale isotopic variability.

El Niño is the warm phase of one of the dominant modes of climate variability, the El Niño - Southern Oscillation.

While variability in the age of disease onset and incomplete pedigree information preclude us from drawing any definitive conclusions about the mode of inheritance, the available data is most consistent with an autosomal recessive pattern.

«Multidecadal variability of Atlantic tropical cyclone activity is observed to relate to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)-- a mode manifesting primarily in sea surface temperature (SST) in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic.

«There is high confidence that the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) will remain the dominant mode of natural climate variability in the 21st century with global influences in the 21st century, and that regional rainfall variability it induces likely intensifies.

Ocean and atmospheric indices — in this case the El Niño Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation and the North Pacific Oscillation — can be thought of as chaotic oscillators that capture the major modes of climate variability.

Patterns of variability that don't match the predicted fingerprints from the examined drivers (the «residuals») can be large — especially on short - time scales, and look in most cases like the modes of internal variability that we've been used to; ENSO / PDO, the North Atlantic multidecadal oscillation etc..

I realize of course that this is conjecture, and other explanations such as e.g. stochastic behavior or modulation by other modes of variability are perhaps more likely to be correct.

A natural coupled mode of climate variability associated with both surface temperature variations tied to El Niño and atmospheric circulation changes across the equatorial Pacific (see also «Southern Oscillation Index»).

Over the last century, no single forcing agent is clearer than anthropogenic greenhouse gases, yet zooming into years or decades, modes of variability become the signal, not the noise.

The attribution of the term at regional scales is complicated by significant regional variations in temperature changes due to the the influence of modes of climate variability such as the North Atlantic Oscillation and the El Nino / Southern Oscillation.

Substitute the words «modes of natural climate variability» for «electricity and magnetism,» and well..., hopefully the point is made.

Regional modes of variability, such as the AMO, largely cancel out and make a very small contribution in the global mean SST changes.

Since ENSO is the dominant mode of interannual variability, this variance relative to the expected trend due to long - term rises in greenhouse gases implies a lower signal to noise ratio in the satellite data.

But, on the basis of studies of nonlinear chaotic models with preferred states or «regimes», it has been argued, that the spatial patterns of the response to anthropogenic forcing may in fact project principally onto modes of natural climate variability.

One key metric in this debate is the spatial pattern of cooling which may provide a «fingerprint» of the underlying climate change, whether that was externally forced (from solar or volcanic activity) or was part of an intrinsic mode of variability.

What we find is that when interannual modes of variability in the climate system have what I'll refer to as an «episode,» shifts in the multi-decadal global mean temperature trend appear to occur.

Ironically, while some continue to attack this nearly decade - old work, the actual scientific community has moved well beyond the earlier studies, focusing now on the detailed patterns of modeled and reconstructed climate changes in past centuries, and insights into the roles of external forcing and internal modes of variability (such as the North Atlantic Oscillation or «NAO» and the «El Nino / Southern Oscillation» or «ENSO») in explaining this past variability.

The NAO and NAM (or AO as some call it) are natural modes of variability.

And the AD has become the dominant mode of variability in the Arctic since 2003 replacing the AO (Zhang X).

In many cases, it is now often possible to make and defend quantitative statements about the extent to which human - induced climate change (or another causal factor, such as a specific mode of natural variability) has influenced either the magnitude or the probability of occurrence of specific types of events or event classes.»

, but a suggestion for avoiding coupling shock: take a large number of model runs; for each assign a location in some n - space for indices of the more important modes of (internal) variability (but maybe also include indices for timing relative to and magnitude of eruptions, solar cycles, etc.).

And given the inherent unpredictability of the internal modes of climate variability — as distinct from the external control imposed by the external drivers of climate, which themselves are also uncertain — such attribution statements will always be subject to uncertainty and therefore probabilistic.

Their correlations are based on a dynamic mode of variability (the Madden - Julian Oscillation) which has nothing to do with any SST forced response in the clouds.

It seemed to us that the impact would be on the «normal modes» of natural variability.

The paper... offers a useful framework for which decadal variations in the global (or northern hemisphere) may be explained via large scale modes of oceanic variability.

The CO2 flux variability from the longest inversion correlates with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), an index of the dominant mode of atmospheric variability in the Southern Ocean.