Sentences with phrase «molecule affects the cells»

Not exact matches

«In animal studies, exercise has been shown to specifically affect the hippocampus, significantly increasing the growth of new neurons and cell survival, enhancing memory and learning, and increasing molecules that are involved in the plasticity of the brain,» Chaddock said.

Ions such as calcium are important because they affect the release of neurotransmitters, the molecules that mediate communication between brain cells,» said Noebels.

«We have found that the bone marrow production of immune cells is affected by high blood sugar and have identified a possible molecule mediating this effect.

Since pseudouridine modifications may affect various RNA molecules in different types of normal and malignant cells, «our discoveries pave the way for future avenues of research aimed at exploring the role of pseudouridine in human development disease,» concludes Cristian Bellodi.

In this study, the SIgN team discovered for the first time that the integrity of p53 affects the production of a special cell surface protein called Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I. MHC class I molecules on the cancer cell surface serve as targets for the immune system.

Different drug molecules make it possible to affect the function of these receptors and, consequently, to prevent cell activation and mediator release.

But the molecules also affect the cells of the animal ingesting the food, by damaging the DNA, proteins, and other critical parts of the cells in their body.

Organic synthesis is a scientific discipline central to the drug discovery process that is focused on building new carbon - based molecules that can affect biology — for example, targeting and destroying cancer cells.

The study reveals that the mutated gene affects a key housekeeping process that is required for removing unwanted molecules from cells in the body.

Previous in vitro studies conducted by researchers in other countries showed that this molecule was able to reduce the multiplication and increase the mortality of cells from melanoma, the most aggressive type of skin cancer, as well as breast cancer and neuroblastoma, a tumor that typically affects patients aged 15 or younger.

Therefore, identification of molecules that affect both parasites during their release from infected host cells not only highlights robustness of the complementary screening approach we adopted, but also conserved drug targets for pan anti-parasitic drug development,» Dr Dhanasekaran Shanmugam from NCL added.

Molecules known to affect FGFR3 signaling and / or the metabolism of chondrocytes, the cells responsible for growing cartilage, were identified as good candidates.

«It was known that acute exposure to pyrethroids could lead to immune dysfunction, and that the molecules they act on can be found in immune cells; now we need to know more about how longer - term exposure affects the immune system in a way that increases risk for Parkinson's.»

In the next decade, molecular research is going to further develop along five lines: predictive medicine, that investigates the genetic conditions predisposing to tumor risk; early molecular diagnosis; the evaluation of each patient's prognosis based on his / her genetic profile, in other words, the analysis of what kind of mutation affects the DNA of altered cells; the investigation of the individual response to drugs, based on our genetic knowledge; «smart drugs», molecules able to hit the target in a selective way, killing only the deprogrammed cells.»

Data from the laboratory shows that signals from these molecules through their receptors control the activities and long - term survival of T cells, as well as affecting the activities of other cell types including dendritic cells, macrophages, and epithelial cells.

These therapies use non-specific molecules that do not affect the cancer directly, but send signals that stimulate other cells of the immune system to fight against cancer cells.

Our siRNA molecules are designed to target a single mRNA in the cell, only affecting the expression of the disease - causing gene.

The researchers found much higher levels of heparanase in childhood brain tumours than in the normal brain, and furthermore, a molecule that can block this enzyme induces cell death in medulloblastoma cells in culture, while normal brain cells were not affected.

«Our study shows, for the first time, that BPA affects dental cells, and subsequently enamel synthesis, using similar target molecules as those present in other organs,» Babajko said.

The researchers also attached a fluorescent tag to the sup35 molecule, allowing them to show that in affected cells the newly - synthesized protein was being converted to the defective, clumping form.

To truly understand and treat complex neuropsychiatric disorders, we need to know what behaviors are affected, which brain regions are involved, which genes, molecules, and cell types in these regions might be involved, and how the environment affects the propensity to develop these disorders.

Another challenge was finding molecules that selectively targeted the ULK1 enzyme without affecting healthy cells.

Berberine also affects other molecules in the cells, and is even thought to determine which genes in the cells are turned on or off (9).

In a process called oxidation, free radicals steal electrons from other molecules — fats, proteins, cell membranes, and even DNA — altering the fundamental structure of the affected molecule.

The most likely organ to be affected is the gut, which is directly exposed to food; endothelial cells, which line blood vessel walls, and immune cells which circulate in blood, as blood is the next location after the gut exposed to food molecules entering the body; and lastly organs which interact closely with the blood, such as the thyroid.